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/home/tahkoom/public_html/wp-includes/rss.php
<?php
/**
* MagpieRSS: a simple RSS integration tool
*
* A compiled file for RSS syndication
*
* @author Kellan Elliott-McCrea <kellan@protest.net>
* @version 0.51
* @license GPL
*
* @package External
* @subpackage MagpieRSS
* @deprecated 3.0.0 Use SimplePie instead.
*/
/**
* Deprecated. Use SimplePie (class-simplepie.php) instead.
*/
_deprecated_file( basename( __FILE__ ), '3.0.0', WPINC . '/class-simplepie.php' );
/**
* Fires before MagpieRSS is loaded, to optionally replace it.
*
* @since 2.3.0
* @deprecated 3.0.0
*/
do_action( 'load_feed_engine' );
/** RSS feed constant. */
define('RSS', 'RSS');
define('ATOM', 'Atom');
define('MAGPIE_USER_AGENT', 'WordPress/' . $GLOBALS['wp_version']);
class MagpieRSS {
var $parser;
var $current_item = array(); // item currently being parsed
var $items = array(); // collection of parsed items
var $channel = array(); // hash of channel fields
var $textinput = array();
var $image = array();
var $feed_type;
var $feed_version;
// parser variables
var $stack = array(); // parser stack
var $inchannel = false;
var $initem = false;
var $incontent = false; // if in Atom <content mode="xml"> field
var $intextinput = false;
var $inimage = false;
var $current_field = '';
var $current_namespace = false;
//var $ERROR = "";
var $_CONTENT_CONSTRUCTS = array('content', 'summary', 'info', 'title', 'tagline', 'copyright');
/**
* PHP5 constructor.
*/
function __construct( $source ) {
# Check if PHP xml isn't compiled
#
if ( ! function_exists('xml_parser_create') ) {
wp_trigger_error( '', "PHP's XML extension is not available. Please contact your hosting provider to enable PHP's XML extension." );
return;
}
$parser = xml_parser_create();
$this->parser = $parser;
# pass in parser, and a reference to this object
# set up handlers
#
xml_set_element_handler($this->parser,
array( $this, 'feed_start_element' ), array( $this, 'feed_end_element' ) );
xml_set_character_data_handler( $this->parser, array( $this, 'feed_cdata' ) );
$status = xml_parse( $this->parser, $source );
if (! $status ) {
$errorcode = xml_get_error_code( $this->parser );
if ( $errorcode != XML_ERROR_NONE ) {
$xml_error = xml_error_string( $errorcode );
$error_line = xml_get_current_line_number($this->parser);
$error_col = xml_get_current_column_number($this->parser);
$errormsg = "$xml_error at line $error_line, column $error_col";
$this->error( $errormsg );
}
}
xml_parser_free( $this->parser );
unset( $this->parser );
$this->normalize();
}
/**
* PHP4 constructor.
*/
public function MagpieRSS( $source ) {
self::__construct( $source );
}
function feed_start_element($p, $element, &$attrs) {
$el = $element = strtolower($element);
$attrs = array_change_key_case($attrs, CASE_LOWER);
// check for a namespace, and split if found
$ns = false;
if ( strpos( $element, ':' ) ) {
list($ns, $el) = explode( ':', $element, 2);
}
if ( $ns and $ns != 'rdf' ) {
$this->current_namespace = $ns;
}
# if feed type isn't set, then this is first element of feed
# identify feed from root element
#
if (!isset($this->feed_type) ) {
if ( $el == 'rdf' ) {
$this->feed_type = RSS;
$this->feed_version = '1.0';
}
elseif ( $el == 'rss' ) {
$this->feed_type = RSS;
$this->feed_version = $attrs['version'];
}
elseif ( $el == 'feed' ) {
$this->feed_type = ATOM;
$this->feed_version = $attrs['version'];
$this->inchannel = true;
}
return;
}
if ( $el == 'channel' )
{
$this->inchannel = true;
}
elseif ($el == 'item' or $el == 'entry' )
{
$this->initem = true;
if ( isset($attrs['rdf:about']) ) {
$this->current_item['about'] = $attrs['rdf:about'];
}
}
// if we're in the default namespace of an RSS feed,
// record textinput or image fields
elseif (
$this->feed_type == RSS and
$this->current_namespace == '' and
$el == 'textinput' )
{
$this->intextinput = true;
}
elseif (
$this->feed_type == RSS and
$this->current_namespace == '' and
$el == 'image' )
{
$this->inimage = true;
}
# handle atom content constructs
elseif ( $this->feed_type == ATOM and in_array($el, $this->_CONTENT_CONSTRUCTS) )
{
// avoid clashing w/ RSS mod_content
if ($el == 'content' ) {
$el = 'atom_content';
}
$this->incontent = $el;
}
// if inside an Atom content construct (e.g. content or summary) field treat tags as text
elseif ($this->feed_type == ATOM and $this->incontent )
{
// if tags are inlined, then flatten
$attrs_str = join(' ',
array_map(array('MagpieRSS', 'map_attrs'),
array_keys($attrs),
array_values($attrs) ) );
$this->append_content( "<$element $attrs_str>" );
array_unshift( $this->stack, $el );
}
// Atom support many links per containing element.
// Magpie treats link elements of type rel='alternate'
// as being equivalent to RSS's simple link element.
//
elseif ($this->feed_type == ATOM and $el == 'link' )
{
if ( isset($attrs['rel']) and $attrs['rel'] == 'alternate' )
{
$link_el = 'link';
}
else {
$link_el = 'link_' . $attrs['rel'];
}
$this->append($link_el, $attrs['href']);
}
// set stack[0] to current element
else {
array_unshift($this->stack, $el);
}
}
function feed_cdata ($p, $text) {
if ($this->feed_type == ATOM and $this->incontent)
{
$this->append_content( $text );
}
else {
$current_el = join('_', array_reverse($this->stack));
$this->append($current_el, $text);
}
}
function feed_end_element ($p, $el) {
$el = strtolower($el);
if ( $el == 'item' or $el == 'entry' )
{
$this->items[] = $this->current_item;
$this->current_item = array();
$this->initem = false;
}
elseif ($this->feed_type == RSS and $this->current_namespace == '' and $el == 'textinput' )
{
$this->intextinput = false;
}
elseif ($this->feed_type == RSS and $this->current_namespace == '' and $el == 'image' )
{
$this->inimage = false;
}
elseif ($this->feed_type == ATOM and in_array($el, $this->_CONTENT_CONSTRUCTS) )
{
$this->incontent = false;
}
elseif ($el == 'channel' or $el == 'feed' )
{
$this->inchannel = false;
}
elseif ($this->feed_type == ATOM and $this->incontent ) {
// balance tags properly
// note: This may not actually be necessary
if ( $this->stack[0] == $el )
{
$this->append_content("</$el>");
}
else {
$this->append_content("<$el />");
}
array_shift( $this->stack );
}
else {
array_shift( $this->stack );
}
$this->current_namespace = false;
}
function concat (&$str1, $str2="") {
if (!isset($str1) ) {
$str1="";
}
$str1 .= $str2;
}
function append_content($text) {
if ( $this->initem ) {
$this->concat( $this->current_item[ $this->incontent ], $text );
}
elseif ( $this->inchannel ) {
$this->concat( $this->channel[ $this->incontent ], $text );
}
}
// smart append - field and namespace aware
function append($el, $text) {
if (!$el) {
return;
}
if ( $this->current_namespace )
{
if ( $this->initem ) {
$this->concat(
$this->current_item[ $this->current_namespace ][ $el ], $text);
}
elseif ($this->inchannel) {
$this->concat(
$this->channel[ $this->current_namespace][ $el ], $text );
}
elseif ($this->intextinput) {
$this->concat(
$this->textinput[ $this->current_namespace][ $el ], $text );
}
elseif ($this->inimage) {
$this->concat(
$this->image[ $this->current_namespace ][ $el ], $text );
}
}
else {
if ( $this->initem ) {
$this->concat(
$this->current_item[ $el ], $text);
}
elseif ($this->intextinput) {
$this->concat(
$this->textinput[ $el ], $text );
}
elseif ($this->inimage) {
$this->concat(
$this->image[ $el ], $text );
}
elseif ($this->inchannel) {
$this->concat(
$this->channel[ $el ], $text );
}
}
}
function normalize () {
// if atom populate rss fields
if ( $this->is_atom() ) {
$this->channel['description'] = $this->channel['tagline'];
for ( $i = 0; $i < count($this->items); $i++) {
$item = $this->items[$i];
if ( isset($item['summary']) )
$item['description'] = $item['summary'];
if ( isset($item['atom_content']))
$item['content']['encoded'] = $item['atom_content'];
$this->items[$i] = $item;
}
}
elseif ( $this->is_rss() ) {
$this->channel['tagline'] = $this->channel['description'];
for ( $i = 0; $i < count($this->items); $i++) {
$item = $this->items[$i];
if ( isset($item['description']))
$item['summary'] = $item['description'];
if ( isset($item['content']['encoded'] ) )
$item['atom_content'] = $item['content']['encoded'];
$this->items[$i] = $item;
}
}
}
function is_rss () {
if ( $this->feed_type == RSS ) {
return $this->feed_version;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
function is_atom() {
if ( $this->feed_type == ATOM ) {
return $this->feed_version;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
function map_attrs($k, $v) {
return "$k=\"$v\"";
}
function error( $errormsg, $lvl = E_USER_WARNING ) {
if ( MAGPIE_DEBUG ) {
wp_trigger_error('', $errormsg, $lvl);
} else {
error_log( $errormsg, 0);
}
}
}
if ( !function_exists('fetch_rss') ) :
/**
* Build Magpie object based on RSS from URL.
*
* @since 1.5.0
* @package External
* @subpackage MagpieRSS
*
* @param string $url URL to retrieve feed.
* @return MagpieRSS|false MagpieRSS object on success, false on failure.
*/
function fetch_rss ($url) {
// initialize constants
init();
if ( !isset($url) ) {
// error("fetch_rss called without a url");
return false;
}
// if cache is disabled
if ( !MAGPIE_CACHE_ON ) {
// fetch file, and parse it
$resp = _fetch_remote_file( $url );
if ( is_success( $resp->status ) ) {
return _response_to_rss( $resp );
}
else {
// error("Failed to fetch $url and cache is off");
return false;
}
}
// else cache is ON
else {
// Flow
// 1. check cache
// 2. if there is a hit, make sure it's fresh
// 3. if cached obj fails freshness check, fetch remote
// 4. if remote fails, return stale object, or error
$cache = new RSSCache( MAGPIE_CACHE_DIR, MAGPIE_CACHE_AGE );
if (MAGPIE_DEBUG and $cache->ERROR) {
debug($cache->ERROR, E_USER_WARNING);
}
$cache_status = 0; // response of check_cache
$request_headers = array(); // HTTP headers to send with fetch
$rss = 0; // parsed RSS object
$errormsg = 0; // errors, if any
if (!$cache->ERROR) {
// return cache HIT, MISS, or STALE
$cache_status = $cache->check_cache( $url );
}
// if object cached, and cache is fresh, return cached obj
if ( $cache_status == 'HIT' ) {
$rss = $cache->get( $url );
if ( isset($rss) and $rss ) {
$rss->from_cache = 1;
if ( MAGPIE_DEBUG > 1) {
debug("MagpieRSS: Cache HIT", E_USER_NOTICE);
}
return $rss;
}
}
// else attempt a conditional get
// set up headers
if ( $cache_status == 'STALE' ) {
$rss = $cache->get( $url );
if ( isset($rss->etag) and $rss->last_modified ) {
$request_headers['If-None-Match'] = $rss->etag;
$request_headers['If-Last-Modified'] = $rss->last_modified;
}
}
$resp = _fetch_remote_file( $url, $request_headers );
if (isset($resp) and $resp) {
if ($resp->status == '304' ) {
// we have the most current copy
if ( MAGPIE_DEBUG > 1) {
debug("Got 304 for $url");
}
// reset cache on 304 (at minutillo insistent prodding)
$cache->set($url, $rss);
return $rss;
}
elseif ( is_success( $resp->status ) ) {
$rss = _response_to_rss( $resp );
if ( $rss ) {
if (MAGPIE_DEBUG > 1) {
debug("Fetch successful");
}
// add object to cache
$cache->set( $url, $rss );
return $rss;
}
}
else {
$errormsg = "Failed to fetch $url. ";
if ( $resp->error ) {
# compensate for Snoopy's annoying habit to tacking
# on '\n'
$http_error = substr($resp->error, 0, -2);
$errormsg .= "(HTTP Error: $http_error)";
}
else {
$errormsg .= "(HTTP Response: " . $resp->response_code .')';
}
}
}
else {
$errormsg = "Unable to retrieve RSS file for unknown reasons.";
}
// else fetch failed
// attempt to return cached object
if ($rss) {
if ( MAGPIE_DEBUG ) {
debug("Returning STALE object for $url");
}
return $rss;
}
// else we totally failed
// error( $errormsg );
return false;
} // end if ( !MAGPIE_CACHE_ON ) {
} // end fetch_rss()
endif;
/**
* Retrieve URL headers and content using WP HTTP Request API.
*
* @since 1.5.0
* @package External
* @subpackage MagpieRSS
*
* @param string $url URL to retrieve
* @param array $headers Optional. Headers to send to the URL. Default empty string.
* @return Snoopy style response
*/
function _fetch_remote_file($url, $headers = "" ) {
$resp = wp_safe_remote_request( $url, array( 'headers' => $headers, 'timeout' => MAGPIE_FETCH_TIME_OUT ) );
if ( is_wp_error($resp) ) {
$error = array_shift($resp->errors);
$resp = new stdClass;
$resp->status = 500;
$resp->response_code = 500;
$resp->error = $error[0] . "\n"; //\n = Snoopy compatibility
return $resp;
}
// Snoopy returns headers unprocessed.
// Also note, WP_HTTP lowercases all keys, Snoopy did not.
$return_headers = array();
foreach ( wp_remote_retrieve_headers( $resp ) as $key => $value ) {
if ( !is_array($value) ) {
$return_headers[] = "$key: $value";
} else {
foreach ( $value as $v )
$return_headers[] = "$key: $v";
}
}
$response = new stdClass;
$response->status = wp_remote_retrieve_response_code( $resp );
$response->response_code = wp_remote_retrieve_response_code( $resp );
$response->headers = $return_headers;
$response->results = wp_remote_retrieve_body( $resp );
return $response;
}
/**
* Retrieve
*
* @since 1.5.0
* @package External
* @subpackage MagpieRSS
*
* @param array $resp
* @return MagpieRSS|bool
*/
function _response_to_rss ($resp) {
$rss = new MagpieRSS( $resp->results );
// if RSS parsed successfully
if ( $rss && (!isset($rss->ERROR) || !$rss->ERROR) ) {
// find Etag, and Last-Modified
foreach ( (array) $resp->headers as $h) {
// 2003-03-02 - Nicola Asuni (www.tecnick.com) - fixed bug "Undefined offset: 1"
if (strpos($h, ": ")) {
list($field, $val) = explode(": ", $h, 2);
}
else {
$field = $h;
$val = "";
}
if ( $field == 'etag' ) {
$rss->etag = $val;
}
if ( $field == 'last-modified' ) {
$rss->last_modified = $val;
}
}
return $rss;
} // else construct error message
else {
$errormsg = "Failed to parse RSS file.";
if ($rss) {
$errormsg .= " (" . $rss->ERROR . ")";
}
// error($errormsg);
return false;
} // end if ($rss and !$rss->error)
}
/**
* Set up constants with default values, unless user overrides.
*
* @since 1.5.0
*
* @global string $wp_version The WordPress version string.
*
* @package External
* @subpackage MagpieRSS
*/
function init () {
if ( defined('MAGPIE_INITALIZED') ) {
return;
}
else {
define('MAGPIE_INITALIZED', 1);
}
if ( !defined('MAGPIE_CACHE_ON') ) {
define('MAGPIE_CACHE_ON', 1);
}
if ( !defined('MAGPIE_CACHE_DIR') ) {
define('MAGPIE_CACHE_DIR', './cache');
}
if ( !defined('MAGPIE_CACHE_AGE') ) {
define('MAGPIE_CACHE_AGE', 60*60); // one hour
}
if ( !defined('MAGPIE_CACHE_FRESH_ONLY') ) {
define('MAGPIE_CACHE_FRESH_ONLY', 0);
}
if ( !defined('MAGPIE_DEBUG') ) {
define('MAGPIE_DEBUG', 0);
}
if ( !defined('MAGPIE_USER_AGENT') ) {
$ua = 'WordPress/' . $GLOBALS['wp_version'];
if ( MAGPIE_CACHE_ON ) {
$ua = $ua . ')';
}
else {
$ua = $ua . '; No cache)';
}
define('MAGPIE_USER_AGENT', $ua);
}
if ( !defined('MAGPIE_FETCH_TIME_OUT') ) {
define('MAGPIE_FETCH_TIME_OUT', 2); // 2 second timeout
}
// use gzip encoding to fetch rss files if supported?
if ( !defined('MAGPIE_USE_GZIP') ) {
define('MAGPIE_USE_GZIP', true);
}
}
function is_info ($sc) {
return $sc >= 100 && $sc < 200;
}
function is_success ($sc) {
return $sc >= 200 && $sc < 300;
}
function is_redirect ($sc) {
return $sc >= 300 && $sc < 400;
}
function is_error ($sc) {
return $sc >= 400 && $sc < 600;
}
function is_client_error ($sc) {
return $sc >= 400 && $sc < 500;
}
function is_server_error ($sc) {
return $sc >= 500 && $sc < 600;
}
class RSSCache {
var $BASE_CACHE; // where the cache files are stored
var $MAX_AGE = 43200; // when are files stale, default twelve hours
var $ERROR = ''; // accumulate error messages
/**
* PHP5 constructor.
*/
function __construct( $base = '', $age = '' ) {
$this->BASE_CACHE = WP_CONTENT_DIR . '/cache';
if ( $base ) {
$this->BASE_CACHE = $base;
}
if ( $age ) {
$this->MAX_AGE = $age;
}
}
/**
* PHP4 constructor.
*/
public function RSSCache( $base = '', $age = '' ) {
self::__construct( $base, $age );
}
/*=======================================================================*\
Function: set
Purpose: add an item to the cache, keyed on url
Input: url from which the rss file was fetched
Output: true on success
\*=======================================================================*/
function set ($url, $rss) {
$cache_option = 'rss_' . $this->file_name( $url );
set_transient($cache_option, $rss, $this->MAX_AGE);
return $cache_option;
}
/*=======================================================================*\
Function: get
Purpose: fetch an item from the cache
Input: url from which the rss file was fetched
Output: cached object on HIT, false on MISS
\*=======================================================================*/
function get ($url) {
$this->ERROR = "";
$cache_option = 'rss_' . $this->file_name( $url );
if ( ! $rss = get_transient( $cache_option ) ) {
$this->debug(
"Cache does not contain: $url (cache option: $cache_option)"
);
return 0;
}
return $rss;
}
/*=======================================================================*\
Function: check_cache
Purpose: check a url for membership in the cache
and whether the object is older then MAX_AGE (ie. STALE)
Input: url from which the rss file was fetched
Output: cached object on HIT, false on MISS
\*=======================================================================*/
function check_cache ( $url ) {
$this->ERROR = "";
$cache_option = 'rss_' . $this->file_name( $url );
if ( get_transient($cache_option) ) {
// object exists and is current
return 'HIT';
} else {
// object does not exist
return 'MISS';
}
}
/*=======================================================================*\
Function: serialize
\*=======================================================================*/
function serialize ( $rss ) {
return serialize( $rss );
}
/*=======================================================================*\
Function: unserialize
\*=======================================================================*/
function unserialize ( $data ) {
return unserialize( $data );
}
/*=======================================================================*\
Function: file_name
Purpose: map url to location in cache
Input: url from which the rss file was fetched
Output: a file name
\*=======================================================================*/
function file_name ($url) {
return md5( $url );
}
/*=======================================================================*\
Function: error
Purpose: register error
\*=======================================================================*/
function error ($errormsg, $lvl=E_USER_WARNING) {
$this->ERROR = $errormsg;
if ( MAGPIE_DEBUG ) {
wp_trigger_error( '', $errormsg, $lvl);
}
else {
error_log( $errormsg, 0);
}
}
function debug ($debugmsg, $lvl=E_USER_NOTICE) {
if ( MAGPIE_DEBUG ) {
$this->error("MagpieRSS [debug] $debugmsg", $lvl);
}
}
}
if ( !function_exists('parse_w3cdtf') ) :
function parse_w3cdtf ( $date_str ) {
# regex to match W3C date/time formats
$pat = "/(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})T(\d{2}):(\d{2})(:(\d{2}))?(?:([-+])(\d{2}):?(\d{2})|(Z))?/";
if ( preg_match( $pat, $date_str, $match ) ) {
list( $year, $month, $day, $hours, $minutes, $seconds) =
array( $match[1], $match[2], $match[3], $match[4], $match[5], $match[7]);
# calc epoch for current date assuming GMT
$epoch = gmmktime( $hours, $minutes, $seconds, $month, $day, $year);
$offset = 0;
if ( $match[11] == 'Z' ) {
# zulu time, aka GMT
}
else {
list( $tz_mod, $tz_hour, $tz_min ) =
array( $match[8], $match[9], $match[10]);
# zero out the variables
if ( ! $tz_hour ) { $tz_hour = 0; }
if ( ! $tz_min ) { $tz_min = 0; }
$offset_secs = (($tz_hour*60)+$tz_min)*60;
# is timezone ahead of GMT? then subtract offset
#
if ( $tz_mod == '+' ) {
$offset_secs = $offset_secs * -1;
}
$offset = $offset_secs;
}
$epoch = $epoch + $offset;
return $epoch;
}
else {
return -1;
}
}
endif;
if ( !function_exists('wp_rss') ) :
/**
* Display all RSS items in a HTML ordered list.
*
* @since 1.5.0
* @package External
* @subpackage MagpieRSS
*
* @param string $url URL of feed to display. Will not auto sense feed URL.
* @param int $num_items Optional. Number of items to display, default is all.
*/
function wp_rss( $url, $num_items = -1 ) {
if ( $rss = fetch_rss( $url ) ) {
echo '<ul>';
if ( $num_items !== -1 ) {
$rss->items = array_slice( $rss->items, 0, $num_items );
}
foreach ( (array) $rss->items as $item ) {
printf(
'<li><a href="%1$s" title="%2$s">%3$s</a></li>',
esc_url( $item['link'] ),
esc_attr( strip_tags( $item['description'] ) ),
esc_html( $item['title'] )
);
}
echo '</ul>';
} else {
_e( 'An error has occurred, which probably means the feed is down. Try again later.' );
}
}
endif;
if ( !function_exists('get_rss') ) :
/**
* Display RSS items in HTML list items.
*
* You have to specify which HTML list you want, either ordered or unordered
* before using the function. You also have to specify how many items you wish
* to display. You can't display all of them like you can with wp_rss()
* function.
*
* @since 1.5.0
* @package External
* @subpackage MagpieRSS
*
* @param string $url URL of feed to display. Will not auto sense feed URL.
* @param int $num_items Optional. Number of items to display, default is all.
* @return bool False on failure.
*/
function get_rss ($url, $num_items = 5) { // Like get posts, but for RSS
$rss = fetch_rss($url);
if ( $rss ) {
$rss->items = array_slice($rss->items, 0, $num_items);
foreach ( (array) $rss->items as $item ) {
echo "<li>\n";
echo "<a href='$item[link]' title='$item[description]'>";
echo esc_html($item['title']);
echo "</a><br />\n";
echo "</li>\n";
}
} else {
return false;
}
}
endif;
الذكاء الاصطناعي في ميادين القتال – tahkoom.com
كتبت إيريني أنطون
في ظل التطور التكنولوجي السريع، أصبح الذكاء الاصطناعي أحد الأدوات الرئيسية في النزاعات المسلحة الحديثة. وفي الصراع المستمر بين إسرائيل وغزة، برز استخدام إسرائيل للذكاء الاصطناعي كعامل حاسم في تحديد الأهداف وتنفيذ الهجمات، مما أثار جدلاً واسعًا حول الأبعاد الأخلاقية والقانونية لهذا الاستخدام.
أنظمة “القتل الخوارزمي”: كيف يعمل الذكاء الاصطناعي؟
كشفت تقارير دولية عن اعتماد إسرائيل على أنظمة ذكية مثل “الإنجيل” وهي منصة تعتمد على خوارزميات الذكاء الاصطناعي في تحليل البيانات الاستخباراتية وتحديد مواقع الأهداف بدقة متناهية، حيث قيل إنها تستطيع إنتاج مئات الأهداف خلال ساعات معدودة .
وفي هذا السياق، صرّح الأستاذ محمد عطية، مبرمج في الذكاء الاصطناعي، قائلاً:
“ما يحدث في ساحة الحرب تجاوز مجرد استخدام الأدوات التقنية إلى الاعتماد الكامل على خوارزميات قد تتخذ قرارات مميتة دون إشراف بشري مباشر. هذه الأنظمة تُستخدم بشكل متسارع في النزاعات دون دراسة كافية لتأثيرها على المدنيين، وغياب الشفافية يجعل الرقابة مستحيلة تقريبًا”.
الجانب القانوني: هل ينتهك الذكاء الاصطناعي قوانين الحرب؟
أثار استخدام هذه الأنظمة موجة من الانتقادات القانونية والحقوقية، خاصة مع تصاعد أعداد الضحايا المدنيين في غزة، حيث يصعب على الخوارزميات التمييز بين هدف عسكري ومبنى سكني أو مستشفى في بيئة حضرية.
وفي هذا الإطار، أوضحت الأستاذة مريم إبراهيم، المحامية:
“القانون الدولي الإنساني ينص بوضوح على ضرورة التمييز بين الأهداف العسكرية والمدنية، ويحمّل القادة العسكريين مسؤولية القرارات المتخذة أثناء الحرب. ولكن عند إدخال الذكاء الاصطناعي في القرار، يصبح من غير الواضح من هو المسؤول قانونيًا. هذه ثغرة خطيرة يجب معالجتها فورًا”.
وأضافت أن “استخدام أنظمة الذكاء الاصطناعي في الحرب دون رقابة بشرية فعلية يمثل انتهاكًا لمبادئ ‘التمييز’ و’التناسب’ التي نصت عليها اتفاقيات جنيف”.
شركات التكنولوجيا والاتهام بالمشاركة
واجهت شركات عالمية، أبرزها Microsoft ، انتقادات بعد تقارير عن تقديم خدمات سحابية وتقنيات ذكاء اصطناعي للجيش الإسرائيلي. وذكرت صحيفة The Guardian أن موظفين بالشركة أعربوا عن استيائهم من هذه المشاركة، خاصة بعد توقيع Microsoft عقدًا بقيمة 1.7 مليون دولار مع وزارة الدفاع الإسرائيلية لتقديم خدمات Azure السحابية .
في الوقت الذي تتسابق فيه الدول لامتلاك أنظمة الذكاء الاصطناعي العسكرية، يظل السؤال الأهم مطروحًا: من يراقب الخوارزميات؟
وفي ظل غياب الأطر القانونية والتنظيمية، يظل المدنيون هم الحلقة الأضعف في معادلة تكنولوجية لا تعرف الرحمة.
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