<?php /** * WordPress Image Editor * * @package WordPress * @subpackage Administration */ /** * Loads the WP image-editing interface. * * @since 2.9.0 * * @param int $post_id Attachment post ID. * @param false|object $msg Optional. Message to display for image editor updates or errors. * Default false. */ function wp_image_editor( $post_id, $msg = false ) { $nonce = wp_create_nonce( "image_editor-$post_id" ); $meta = wp_get_attachment_metadata( $post_id ); $thumb = image_get_intermediate_size( $post_id, 'thumbnail' ); $sub_sizes = isset( $meta['sizes'] ) && is_array( $meta['sizes'] ); $note = ''; if ( isset( $meta['width'], $meta['height'] ) ) { $big = max( $meta['width'], $meta['height'] ); } else { die( __( 'Image data does not exist. Please re-upload the image.' ) ); } $sizer = $big > 600 ? 600 / $big : 1; $backup_sizes = get_post_meta( $post_id, '_wp_attachment_backup_sizes', true ); $can_restore = false; if ( ! empty( $backup_sizes ) && isset( $backup_sizes['full-orig'], $meta['file'] ) ) { $can_restore = wp_basename( $meta['file'] ) !== $backup_sizes['full-orig']['file']; } if ( $msg ) { if ( isset( $msg->error ) ) { $note = "<div class='notice notice-error' role='alert'><p>$msg->error</p></div>"; } elseif ( isset( $msg->msg ) ) { $note = "<div class='notice notice-success' role='alert'><p>$msg->msg</p></div>"; } } /** * Shows the settings in the Image Editor that allow selecting to edit only the thumbnail of an image. * * @since 6.3.0 * * @param bool $show Whether to show the settings in the Image Editor. Default false. */ $edit_thumbnails_separately = (bool) apply_filters( 'image_edit_thumbnails_separately', false ); ?> <div class="imgedit-wrap wp-clearfix"> <div id="imgedit-panel-<?php echo $post_id; ?>"> <?php echo $note; ?> <div class="imgedit-panel-content imgedit-panel-tools wp-clearfix"> <div class="imgedit-menu wp-clearfix"> <button type="button" onclick="imageEdit.toggleCropTool( <?php echo "$post_id, '$nonce'"; ?>, this );" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="imgedit-crop" class="imgedit-crop button disabled" disabled><?php esc_html_e( 'Crop' ); ?></button> <button type="button" class="imgedit-scale button" onclick="imageEdit.toggleControls(this);" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="imgedit-scale"><?php esc_html_e( 'Scale' ); ?></button> <div class="imgedit-rotate-menu-container"> <button type="button" aria-controls="imgedit-rotate-menu" class="imgedit-rotate button" aria-expanded="false" onclick="imageEdit.togglePopup(this)" onblur="imageEdit.monitorPopup()"><?php esc_html_e( 'Image Rotation' ); ?></button> <div id="imgedit-rotate-menu" class="imgedit-popup-menu"> <?php // On some setups GD library does not provide imagerotate() - Ticket #11536. if ( wp_image_editor_supports( array( 'mime_type' => get_post_mime_type( $post_id ), 'methods' => array( 'rotate' ), ) ) ) { $note_no_rotate = ''; ?> <button type="button" class="imgedit-rleft button" onkeydown="imageEdit.browsePopup(event, this)" onclick="imageEdit.rotate( 90, <?php echo "$post_id, '$nonce'"; ?>, this)" onblur="imageEdit.monitorPopup()"><?php esc_html_e( 'Rotate 90° left' ); ?></button> <button type="button" class="imgedit-rright button" onkeydown="imageEdit.browsePopup(event, this)" onclick="imageEdit.rotate(-90, <?php echo "$post_id, '$nonce'"; ?>, this)" onblur="imageEdit.monitorPopup()"><?php esc_html_e( 'Rotate 90° right' ); ?></button> <button type="button" class="imgedit-rfull button" onkeydown="imageEdit.browsePopup(event, this)" onclick="imageEdit.rotate(180, <?php echo "$post_id, '$nonce'"; ?>, this)" onblur="imageEdit.monitorPopup()"><?php esc_html_e( 'Rotate 180°' ); ?></button> <?php } else { $note_no_rotate = '<p class="note-no-rotate"><em>' . __( 'Image rotation is not supported by your web host.' ) . '</em></p>'; ?> <button type="button" class="imgedit-rleft button disabled" disabled></button> <button type="button" class="imgedit-rright button disabled" disabled></button> <?php } ?> <hr /> <button type="button" onkeydown="imageEdit.browsePopup(event, this)" onclick="imageEdit.flip(1, <?php echo "$post_id, '$nonce'"; ?>, this)" onblur="imageEdit.monitorPopup()" class="imgedit-flipv button"><?php esc_html_e( 'Flip vertical' ); ?></button> <button type="button" onkeydown="imageEdit.browsePopup(event, this)" onclick="imageEdit.flip(2, <?php echo "$post_id, '$nonce'"; ?>, this)" onblur="imageEdit.monitorPopup()" class="imgedit-fliph button"><?php esc_html_e( 'Flip horizontal' ); ?></button> <?php echo $note_no_rotate; ?> </div> </div> </div> <div class="imgedit-submit imgedit-menu"> <button type="button" id="image-undo-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" onclick="imageEdit.undo(<?php echo "$post_id, '$nonce'"; ?>, this)" class="imgedit-undo button disabled" disabled><?php esc_html_e( 'Undo' ); ?></button> <button type="button" id="image-redo-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" onclick="imageEdit.redo(<?php echo "$post_id, '$nonce'"; ?>, this)" class="imgedit-redo button disabled" disabled><?php esc_html_e( 'Redo' ); ?></button> <button type="button" onclick="imageEdit.close(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, 1)" class="button imgedit-cancel-btn"><?php esc_html_e( 'Cancel Editing' ); ?></button> <button type="button" onclick="imageEdit.save(<?php echo "$post_id, '$nonce'"; ?>)" disabled="disabled" class="button button-primary imgedit-submit-btn"><?php esc_html_e( 'Save Edits' ); ?></button> </div> </div> <div class="imgedit-panel-content wp-clearfix"> <div class="imgedit-tools"> <input type="hidden" id="imgedit-nonce-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" value="<?php echo $nonce; ?>" /> <input type="hidden" id="imgedit-sizer-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" value="<?php echo $sizer; ?>" /> <input type="hidden" id="imgedit-history-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" value="" /> <input type="hidden" id="imgedit-undone-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" value="0" /> <input type="hidden" id="imgedit-selection-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" value="" /> <input type="hidden" id="imgedit-x-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" value="<?php echo isset( $meta['width'] ) ? $meta['width'] : 0; ?>" /> <input type="hidden" id="imgedit-y-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" value="<?php echo isset( $meta['height'] ) ? $meta['height'] : 0; ?>" /> <div id="imgedit-crop-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" class="imgedit-crop-wrap"> <div class="imgedit-crop-grid"></div> <img id="image-preview-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" onload="imageEdit.imgLoaded('<?php echo $post_id; ?>')" src="<?php echo esc_url( admin_url( 'admin-ajax.php', 'relative' ) ) . '?action=imgedit-preview&_ajax_nonce=' . $nonce . '&postid=' . $post_id . '&rand=' . rand( 1, 99999 ); ?>" alt="" /> </div> </div> <div class="imgedit-settings"> <div class="imgedit-tool-active"> <div class="imgedit-group"> <div id="imgedit-scale" tabindex="-1" class="imgedit-group-controls"> <div class="imgedit-group-top"> <h2><?php _e( 'Scale Image' ); ?></h2> <button type="button" class="dashicons dashicons-editor-help imgedit-help-toggle" onclick="imageEdit.toggleHelp(this);" aria-expanded="false"><span class="screen-reader-text"> <?php /* translators: Hidden accessibility text. */ esc_html_e( 'Scale Image Help' ); ?> </span></button> <div class="imgedit-help"> <p><?php _e( 'You can proportionally scale the original image. For best results, scaling should be done before you crop, flip, or rotate. Images can only be scaled down, not up.' ); ?></p> </div> <?php if ( isset( $meta['width'], $meta['height'] ) ) : ?> <p> <?php printf( /* translators: %s: Image width and height in pixels. */ __( 'Original dimensions %s' ), '<span class="imgedit-original-dimensions">' . $meta['width'] . ' × ' . $meta['height'] . '</span>' ); ?> </p> <?php endif; ?> <div class="imgedit-submit"> <fieldset class="imgedit-scale-controls"> <legend><?php _e( 'New dimensions:' ); ?></legend> <div class="nowrap"> <label for="imgedit-scale-width-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" class="screen-reader-text"> <?php /* translators: Hidden accessibility text. */ _e( 'scale height' ); ?> </label> <input type="number" step="1" min="0" max="<?php echo isset( $meta['width'] ) ? $meta['width'] : ''; ?>" aria-describedby="imgedit-scale-warn-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" id="imgedit-scale-width-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" onkeyup="imageEdit.scaleChanged(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, 1, this)" onblur="imageEdit.scaleChanged(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, 1, this)" value="<?php echo isset( $meta['width'] ) ? $meta['width'] : 0; ?>" /> <span class="imgedit-separator" aria-hidden="true">×</span> <label for="imgedit-scale-height-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" class="screen-reader-text"><?php _e( 'scale height' ); ?></label> <input type="number" step="1" min="0" max="<?php echo isset( $meta['height'] ) ? $meta['height'] : ''; ?>" aria-describedby="imgedit-scale-warn-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" id="imgedit-scale-height-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" onkeyup="imageEdit.scaleChanged(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, 0, this)" onblur="imageEdit.scaleChanged(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, 0, this)" value="<?php echo isset( $meta['height'] ) ? $meta['height'] : 0; ?>" /> <button id="imgedit-scale-button" type="button" onclick="imageEdit.action(<?php echo "$post_id, '$nonce'"; ?>, 'scale')" class="button button-primary"><?php esc_html_e( 'Scale' ); ?></button> </div> <span class="imgedit-scale-warn" id="imgedit-scale-warn-<?php echo $post_id; ?>"><span class="dashicons dashicons-warning" aria-hidden="true"></span><?php esc_html_e( 'Images cannot be scaled to a size larger than the original.' ); ?></span> </fieldset> </div> </div> </div> </div> <?php if ( $can_restore ) { ?> <div class="imgedit-group"> <div class="imgedit-group-top"> <h2><button type="button" onclick="imageEdit.toggleHelp(this);" class="button-link" aria-expanded="false"><?php _e( 'Restore original image' ); ?> <span class="dashicons dashicons-arrow-down imgedit-help-toggle"></span></button></h2> <div class="imgedit-help imgedit-restore"> <p> <?php _e( 'Discard any changes and restore the original image.' ); if ( ! defined( 'IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE' ) || ! IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE ) { echo ' ' . __( 'Previously edited copies of the image will not be deleted.' ); } ?> </p> <div class="imgedit-submit"> <input type="button" onclick="imageEdit.action(<?php echo "$post_id, '$nonce'"; ?>, 'restore')" class="button button-primary" value="<?php esc_attr_e( 'Restore image' ); ?>" <?php echo $can_restore; ?> /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <?php } ?> <div class="imgedit-group"> <div id="imgedit-crop" tabindex="-1" class="imgedit-group-controls"> <div class="imgedit-group-top"> <h2><?php _e( 'Crop Image' ); ?></h2> <button type="button" class="dashicons dashicons-editor-help imgedit-help-toggle" onclick="imageEdit.toggleHelp(this);" aria-expanded="false"><span class="screen-reader-text"> <?php /* translators: Hidden accessibility text. */ _e( 'Image Crop Help' ); ?> </span></button> <div class="imgedit-help"> <p><?php _e( 'To crop the image, click on it and drag to make your selection.' ); ?></p> <p><strong><?php _e( 'Crop Aspect Ratio' ); ?></strong><br /> <?php _e( 'The aspect ratio is the relationship between the width and height. You can preserve the aspect ratio by holding down the shift key while resizing your selection. Use the input box to specify the aspect ratio, e.g. 1:1 (square), 4:3, 16:9, etc.' ); ?></p> <p><strong><?php _e( 'Crop Selection' ); ?></strong><br /> <?php _e( 'Once you have made your selection, you can adjust it by entering the size in pixels. The minimum selection size is the thumbnail size as set in the Media settings.' ); ?></p> </div> </div> <fieldset class="imgedit-crop-ratio"> <legend><?php _e( 'Aspect ratio:' ); ?></legend> <div class="nowrap"> <label for="imgedit-crop-width-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" class="screen-reader-text"> <?php /* translators: Hidden accessibility text. */ _e( 'crop ratio width' ); ?> </label> <input type="number" step="1" min="1" id="imgedit-crop-width-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" onkeyup="imageEdit.setRatioSelection(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, 0, this)" onblur="imageEdit.setRatioSelection(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, 0, this)" /> <span class="imgedit-separator" aria-hidden="true">:</span> <label for="imgedit-crop-height-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" class="screen-reader-text"> <?php /* translators: Hidden accessibility text. */ _e( 'crop ratio height' ); ?> </label> <input type="number" step="1" min="0" id="imgedit-crop-height-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" onkeyup="imageEdit.setRatioSelection(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, 1, this)" onblur="imageEdit.setRatioSelection(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, 1, this)" /> </div> </fieldset> <fieldset id="imgedit-crop-sel-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" class="imgedit-crop-sel"> <legend><?php _e( 'Selection:' ); ?></legend> <div class="nowrap"> <label for="imgedit-sel-width-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" class="screen-reader-text"> <?php /* translators: Hidden accessibility text. */ _e( 'selection width' ); ?> </label> <input type="number" step="1" min="0" id="imgedit-sel-width-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" onkeyup="imageEdit.setNumSelection(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, this)" onblur="imageEdit.setNumSelection(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, this)" /> <span class="imgedit-separator" aria-hidden="true">×</span> <label for="imgedit-sel-height-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" class="screen-reader-text"> <?php /* translators: Hidden accessibility text. */ _e( 'selection height' ); ?> </label> <input type="number" step="1" min="0" id="imgedit-sel-height-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" onkeyup="imageEdit.setNumSelection(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, this)" onblur="imageEdit.setNumSelection(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, this)" /> </div> </fieldset> <fieldset id="imgedit-crop-sel-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" class="imgedit-crop-sel"> <legend><?php _e( 'Starting Coordinates:' ); ?></legend> <div class="nowrap"> <label for="imgedit-start-x-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" class="screen-reader-text"> <?php /* translators: Hidden accessibility text. */ _e( 'horizontal start position' ); ?> </label> <input type="number" step="1" min="0" id="imgedit-start-x-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" onkeyup="imageEdit.setNumSelection(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, this)" onblur="imageEdit.setNumSelection(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, this)" value="0" /> <span class="imgedit-separator" aria-hidden="true">×</span> <label for="imgedit-start-y-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" class="screen-reader-text"> <?php /* translators: Hidden accessibility text. */ _e( 'vertical start position' ); ?> </label> <input type="number" step="1" min="0" id="imgedit-start-y-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" onkeyup="imageEdit.setNumSelection(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, this)" onblur="imageEdit.setNumSelection(<?php echo $post_id; ?>, this)" value="0" /> </div> </fieldset> <div class="imgedit-crop-apply imgedit-menu container"> <button class="button-primary" type="button" onclick="imageEdit.handleCropToolClick( <?php echo "$post_id, '$nonce'"; ?>, this );" class="imgedit-crop-apply button"><?php esc_html_e( 'Apply Crop' ); ?></button> <button type="button" onclick="imageEdit.handleCropToolClick( <?php echo "$post_id, '$nonce'"; ?>, this );" class="imgedit-crop-clear button" disabled="disabled"><?php esc_html_e( 'Clear Crop' ); ?></button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <?php if ( $edit_thumbnails_separately && $thumb && $sub_sizes ) { $thumb_img = wp_constrain_dimensions( $thumb['width'], $thumb['height'], 160, 120 ); ?> <div class="imgedit-group imgedit-applyto"> <div class="imgedit-group-top"> <h2><?php _e( 'Thumbnail Settings' ); ?></h2> <button type="button" class="dashicons dashicons-editor-help imgedit-help-toggle" onclick="imageEdit.toggleHelp(this);" aria-expanded="false"><span class="screen-reader-text"> <?php /* translators: Hidden accessibility text. */ esc_html_e( 'Thumbnail Settings Help' ); ?> </span></button> <div class="imgedit-help"> <p><?php _e( 'You can edit the image while preserving the thumbnail. For example, you may wish to have a square thumbnail that displays just a section of the image.' ); ?></p> </div> </div> <div class="imgedit-thumbnail-preview-group"> <figure class="imgedit-thumbnail-preview"> <img src="<?php echo esc_url( $thumb['url'] ); ?>" width="<?php echo esc_attr( $thumb_img[0] ); ?>" height="<?php echo esc_attr( $thumb_img[1] ); ?>" class="imgedit-size-preview" alt="" draggable="false" /> <figcaption class="imgedit-thumbnail-preview-caption"><?php _e( 'Current thumbnail' ); ?></figcaption> </figure> <div id="imgedit-save-target-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" class="imgedit-save-target"> <fieldset> <legend><?php _e( 'Apply changes to:' ); ?></legend> <span class="imgedit-label"> <input type="radio" id="imgedit-target-all" name="imgedit-target-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" value="all" checked="checked" /> <label for="imgedit-target-all"><?php _e( 'All image sizes' ); ?></label> </span> <span class="imgedit-label"> <input type="radio" id="imgedit-target-thumbnail" name="imgedit-target-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" value="thumbnail" /> <label for="imgedit-target-thumbnail"><?php _e( 'Thumbnail' ); ?></label> </span> <span class="imgedit-label"> <input type="radio" id="imgedit-target-nothumb" name="imgedit-target-<?php echo $post_id; ?>" value="nothumb" /> <label for="imgedit-target-nothumb"><?php _e( 'All sizes except thumbnail' ); ?></label> </span> </fieldset> </div> </div> </div> <?php } ?> </div> </div> </div> <div class="imgedit-wait" id="imgedit-wait-<?php echo $post_id; ?>"></div> <div class="hidden" id="imgedit-leaving-<?php echo $post_id; ?>"><?php _e( "There are unsaved changes that will be lost. 'OK' to continue, 'Cancel' to return to the Image Editor." ); ?></div> </div> <?php } /** * Streams image in WP_Image_Editor to browser. * * @since 2.9.0 * * @param WP_Image_Editor $image The image editor instance. * @param string $mime_type The mime type of the image. * @param int $attachment_id The image's attachment post ID. * @return bool True on success, false on failure. */ function wp_stream_image( $image, $mime_type, $attachment_id ) { if ( $image instanceof WP_Image_Editor ) { /** * Filters the WP_Image_Editor instance for the image to be streamed to the browser. * * @since 3.5.0 * * @param WP_Image_Editor $image The image editor instance. * @param int $attachment_id The attachment post ID. */ $image = apply_filters( 'image_editor_save_pre', $image, $attachment_id ); if ( is_wp_error( $image->stream( $mime_type ) ) ) { return false; } return true; } else { /* translators: 1: $image, 2: WP_Image_Editor */ _deprecated_argument( __FUNCTION__, '3.5.0', sprintf( __( '%1$s needs to be a %2$s object.' ), '$image', 'WP_Image_Editor' ) ); /** * Filters the GD image resource to be streamed to the browser. * * @since 2.9.0 * @deprecated 3.5.0 Use {@see 'image_editor_save_pre'} instead. * * @param resource|GdImage $image Image resource to be streamed. * @param int $attachment_id The attachment post ID. */ $image = apply_filters_deprecated( 'image_save_pre', array( $image, $attachment_id ), '3.5.0', 'image_editor_save_pre' ); switch ( $mime_type ) { case 'image/jpeg': header( 'Content-Type: image/jpeg' ); return imagejpeg( $image, null, 90 ); case 'image/png': header( 'Content-Type: image/png' ); return imagepng( $image ); case 'image/gif': header( 'Content-Type: image/gif' ); return imagegif( $image ); case 'image/webp': if ( function_exists( 'imagewebp' ) ) { header( 'Content-Type: image/webp' ); return imagewebp( $image, null, 90 ); } return false; case 'image/avif': if ( function_exists( 'imageavif' ) ) { header( 'Content-Type: image/avif' ); return imageavif( $image, null, 90 ); } return false; default: return false; } } } /** * Saves image to file. * * @since 2.9.0 * @since 3.5.0 The `$image` parameter expects a `WP_Image_Editor` instance. * @since 6.0.0 The `$filesize` value was added to the returned array. * * @param string $filename Name of the file to be saved. * @param WP_Image_Editor $image The image editor instance. * @param string $mime_type The mime type of the image. * @param int $post_id Attachment post ID. * @return array|WP_Error|bool { * Array on success or WP_Error if the file failed to save. * When called with a deprecated value for the `$image` parameter, * i.e. a non-`WP_Image_Editor` image resource or `GdImage` instance, * the function will return true on success, false on failure. * * @type string $path Path to the image file. * @type string $file Name of the image file. * @type int $width Image width. * @type int $height Image height. * @type string $mime-type The mime type of the image. * @type int $filesize File size of the image. * } */ function wp_save_image_file( $filename, $image, $mime_type, $post_id ) { if ( $image instanceof WP_Image_Editor ) { /** This filter is documented in wp-admin/includes/image-edit.php */ $image = apply_filters( 'image_editor_save_pre', $image, $post_id ); /** * Filters whether to skip saving the image file. * * Returning a non-null value will short-circuit the save method, * returning that value instead. * * @since 3.5.0 * * @param bool|null $override Value to return instead of saving. Default null. * @param string $filename Name of the file to be saved. * @param WP_Image_Editor $image The image editor instance. * @param string $mime_type The mime type of the image. * @param int $post_id Attachment post ID. */ $saved = apply_filters( 'wp_save_image_editor_file', null, $filename, $image, $mime_type, $post_id ); if ( null !== $saved ) { return $saved; } return $image->save( $filename, $mime_type ); } else { /* translators: 1: $image, 2: WP_Image_Editor */ _deprecated_argument( __FUNCTION__, '3.5.0', sprintf( __( '%1$s needs to be a %2$s object.' ), '$image', 'WP_Image_Editor' ) ); /** This filter is documented in wp-admin/includes/image-edit.php */ $image = apply_filters_deprecated( 'image_save_pre', array( $image, $post_id ), '3.5.0', 'image_editor_save_pre' ); /** * Filters whether to skip saving the image file. * * Returning a non-null value will short-circuit the save method, * returning that value instead. * * @since 2.9.0 * @deprecated 3.5.0 Use {@see 'wp_save_image_editor_file'} instead. * * @param bool|null $override Value to return instead of saving. Default null. * @param string $filename Name of the file to be saved. * @param resource|GdImage $image Image resource or GdImage instance. * @param string $mime_type The mime type of the image. * @param int $post_id Attachment post ID. */ $saved = apply_filters_deprecated( 'wp_save_image_file', array( null, $filename, $image, $mime_type, $post_id ), '3.5.0', 'wp_save_image_editor_file' ); if ( null !== $saved ) { return $saved; } switch ( $mime_type ) { case 'image/jpeg': /** This filter is documented in wp-includes/class-wp-image-editor.php */ return imagejpeg( $image, $filename, apply_filters( 'jpeg_quality', 90, 'edit_image' ) ); case 'image/png': return imagepng( $image, $filename ); case 'image/gif': return imagegif( $image, $filename ); case 'image/webp': if ( function_exists( 'imagewebp' ) ) { return imagewebp( $image, $filename ); } return false; case 'image/avif': if ( function_exists( 'imageavif' ) ) { return imageavif( $image, $filename ); } return false; default: return false; } } } /** * Image preview ratio. Internal use only. * * @since 2.9.0 * * @ignore * @param int $w Image width in pixels. * @param int $h Image height in pixels. * @return float|int Image preview ratio. */ function _image_get_preview_ratio( $w, $h ) { $max = max( $w, $h ); return $max > 600 ? ( 600 / $max ) : 1; } /** * Returns an image resource. Internal use only. * * @since 2.9.0 * @deprecated 3.5.0 Use WP_Image_Editor::rotate() * @see WP_Image_Editor::rotate() * * @ignore * @param resource|GdImage $img Image resource. * @param float|int $angle Image rotation angle, in degrees. * @return resource|GdImage|false GD image resource or GdImage instance, false otherwise. */ function _rotate_image_resource( $img, $angle ) { _deprecated_function( __FUNCTION__, '3.5.0', 'WP_Image_Editor::rotate()' ); if ( function_exists( 'imagerotate' ) ) { $rotated = imagerotate( $img, $angle, 0 ); if ( is_gd_image( $rotated ) ) { imagedestroy( $img ); $img = $rotated; } } return $img; } /** * Flips an image resource. Internal use only. * * @since 2.9.0 * @deprecated 3.5.0 Use WP_Image_Editor::flip() * @see WP_Image_Editor::flip() * * @ignore * @param resource|GdImage $img Image resource or GdImage instance. * @param bool $horz Whether to flip horizontally. * @param bool $vert Whether to flip vertically. * @return resource|GdImage (maybe) flipped image resource or GdImage instance. */ function _flip_image_resource( $img, $horz, $vert ) { _deprecated_function( __FUNCTION__, '3.5.0', 'WP_Image_Editor::flip()' ); $w = imagesx( $img ); $h = imagesy( $img ); $dst = wp_imagecreatetruecolor( $w, $h ); if ( is_gd_image( $dst ) ) { $sx = $vert ? ( $w - 1 ) : 0; $sy = $horz ? ( $h - 1 ) : 0; $sw = $vert ? -$w : $w; $sh = $horz ? -$h : $h; if ( imagecopyresampled( $dst, $img, 0, 0, $sx, $sy, $w, $h, $sw, $sh ) ) { imagedestroy( $img ); $img = $dst; } } return $img; } /** * Crops an image resource. Internal use only. * * @since 2.9.0 * * @ignore * @param resource|GdImage $img Image resource or GdImage instance. * @param float $x Source point x-coordinate. * @param float $y Source point y-coordinate. * @param float $w Source width. * @param float $h Source height. * @return resource|GdImage (maybe) cropped image resource or GdImage instance. */ function _crop_image_resource( $img, $x, $y, $w, $h ) { $dst = wp_imagecreatetruecolor( $w, $h ); if ( is_gd_image( $dst ) ) { if ( imagecopy( $dst, $img, 0, 0, $x, $y, $w, $h ) ) { imagedestroy( $img ); $img = $dst; } } return $img; } /** * Performs group of changes on Editor specified. * * @since 2.9.0 * * @param WP_Image_Editor $image WP_Image_Editor instance. * @param array $changes Array of change operations. * @return WP_Image_Editor WP_Image_Editor instance with changes applied. */ function image_edit_apply_changes( $image, $changes ) { if ( is_gd_image( $image ) ) { /* translators: 1: $image, 2: WP_Image_Editor */ _deprecated_argument( __FUNCTION__, '3.5.0', sprintf( __( '%1$s needs to be a %2$s object.' ), '$image', 'WP_Image_Editor' ) ); } if ( ! is_array( $changes ) ) { return $image; } // Expand change operations. foreach ( $changes as $key => $obj ) { if ( isset( $obj->r ) ) { $obj->type = 'rotate'; $obj->angle = $obj->r; unset( $obj->r ); } elseif ( isset( $obj->f ) ) { $obj->type = 'flip'; $obj->axis = $obj->f; unset( $obj->f ); } elseif ( isset( $obj->c ) ) { $obj->type = 'crop'; $obj->sel = $obj->c; unset( $obj->c ); } $changes[ $key ] = $obj; } // Combine operations. if ( count( $changes ) > 1 ) { $filtered = array( $changes[0] ); for ( $i = 0, $j = 1, $c = count( $changes ); $j < $c; $j++ ) { $combined = false; if ( $filtered[ $i ]->type === $changes[ $j ]->type ) { switch ( $filtered[ $i ]->type ) { case 'rotate': $filtered[ $i ]->angle += $changes[ $j ]->angle; $combined = true; break; case 'flip': $filtered[ $i ]->axis ^= $changes[ $j ]->axis; $combined = true; break; } } if ( ! $combined ) { $filtered[ ++$i ] = $changes[ $j ]; } } $changes = $filtered; unset( $filtered ); } // Image resource before applying the changes. if ( $image instanceof WP_Image_Editor ) { /** * Filters the WP_Image_Editor instance before applying changes to the image. * * @since 3.5.0 * * @param WP_Image_Editor $image WP_Image_Editor instance. * @param array $changes Array of change operations. */ $image = apply_filters( 'wp_image_editor_before_change', $image, $changes ); } elseif ( is_gd_image( $image ) ) { /** * Filters the GD image resource before applying changes to the image. * * @since 2.9.0 * @deprecated 3.5.0 Use {@see 'wp_image_editor_before_change'} instead. * * @param resource|GdImage $image GD image resource or GdImage instance. * @param array $changes Array of change operations. */ $image = apply_filters_deprecated( 'image_edit_before_change', array( $image, $changes ), '3.5.0', 'wp_image_editor_before_change' ); } foreach ( $changes as $operation ) { switch ( $operation->type ) { case 'rotate': if ( 0 !== $operation->angle ) { if ( $image instanceof WP_Image_Editor ) { $image->rotate( $operation->angle ); } else { $image = _rotate_image_resource( $image, $operation->angle ); } } break; case 'flip': if ( 0 !== $operation->axis ) { if ( $image instanceof WP_Image_Editor ) { $image->flip( ( $operation->axis & 1 ) !== 0, ( $operation->axis & 2 ) !== 0 ); } else { $image = _flip_image_resource( $image, ( $operation->axis & 1 ) !== 0, ( $operation->axis & 2 ) !== 0 ); } } break; case 'crop': $sel = $operation->sel; if ( $image instanceof WP_Image_Editor ) { $size = $image->get_size(); $w = $size['width']; $h = $size['height']; $scale = isset( $sel->r ) ? $sel->r : 1 / _image_get_preview_ratio( $w, $h ); // Discard preview scaling. $image->crop( (int) ( $sel->x * $scale ), (int) ( $sel->y * $scale ), (int) ( $sel->w * $scale ), (int) ( $sel->h * $scale ) ); } else { $scale = isset( $sel->r ) ? $sel->r : 1 / _image_get_preview_ratio( imagesx( $image ), imagesy( $image ) ); // Discard preview scaling. $image = _crop_image_resource( $image, $sel->x * $scale, $sel->y * $scale, $sel->w * $scale, $sel->h * $scale ); } break; } } return $image; } /** * Streams image in post to browser, along with enqueued changes * in `$_REQUEST['history']`. * * @since 2.9.0 * * @param int $post_id Attachment post ID. * @return bool True on success, false on failure. */ function stream_preview_image( $post_id ) { $post = get_post( $post_id ); wp_raise_memory_limit( 'admin' ); $img = wp_get_image_editor( _load_image_to_edit_path( $post_id ) ); if ( is_wp_error( $img ) ) { return false; } $changes = ! empty( $_REQUEST['history'] ) ? json_decode( wp_unslash( $_REQUEST['history'] ) ) : null; if ( $changes ) { $img = image_edit_apply_changes( $img, $changes ); } // Scale the image. $size = $img->get_size(); $w = $size['width']; $h = $size['height']; $ratio = _image_get_preview_ratio( $w, $h ); $w2 = max( 1, $w * $ratio ); $h2 = max( 1, $h * $ratio ); if ( is_wp_error( $img->resize( $w2, $h2 ) ) ) { return false; } return wp_stream_image( $img, $post->post_mime_type, $post_id ); } /** * Restores the metadata for a given attachment. * * @since 2.9.0 * * @param int $post_id Attachment post ID. * @return stdClass Image restoration message object. */ function wp_restore_image( $post_id ) { $meta = wp_get_attachment_metadata( $post_id ); $file = get_attached_file( $post_id ); $backup_sizes = get_post_meta( $post_id, '_wp_attachment_backup_sizes', true ); $old_backup_sizes = $backup_sizes; $restored = false; $msg = new stdClass(); if ( ! is_array( $backup_sizes ) ) { $msg->error = __( 'Cannot load image metadata.' ); return $msg; } $parts = pathinfo( $file ); $suffix = time() . rand( 100, 999 ); $default_sizes = get_intermediate_image_sizes(); if ( isset( $backup_sizes['full-orig'] ) && is_array( $backup_sizes['full-orig'] ) ) { $data = $backup_sizes['full-orig']; if ( $parts['basename'] !== $data['file'] ) { if ( defined( 'IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE' ) && IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE ) { // Delete only if it's an edited image. if ( preg_match( '/-e[0-9]{13}\./', $parts['basename'] ) ) { wp_delete_file( $file ); } } elseif ( isset( $meta['width'], $meta['height'] ) ) { $backup_sizes[ "full-$suffix" ] = array( 'width' => $meta['width'], 'height' => $meta['height'], 'filesize' => $meta['filesize'], 'file' => $parts['basename'], ); } } $restored_file = path_join( $parts['dirname'], $data['file'] ); $restored = update_attached_file( $post_id, $restored_file ); $meta['file'] = _wp_relative_upload_path( $restored_file ); $meta['width'] = $data['width']; $meta['height'] = $data['height']; if ( isset( $data['filesize'] ) ) { /* * Restore the original filesize if it was backed up. * * See https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/59684. */ $meta['filesize'] = $data['filesize']; } } foreach ( $default_sizes as $default_size ) { if ( isset( $backup_sizes[ "$default_size-orig" ] ) ) { $data = $backup_sizes[ "$default_size-orig" ]; if ( isset( $meta['sizes'][ $default_size ] ) && $meta['sizes'][ $default_size ]['file'] !== $data['file'] ) { if ( defined( 'IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE' ) && IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE ) { // Delete only if it's an edited image. if ( preg_match( '/-e[0-9]{13}-/', $meta['sizes'][ $default_size ]['file'] ) ) { $delete_file = path_join( $parts['dirname'], $meta['sizes'][ $default_size ]['file'] ); wp_delete_file( $delete_file ); } } else { $backup_sizes[ "$default_size-{$suffix}" ] = $meta['sizes'][ $default_size ]; } } $meta['sizes'][ $default_size ] = $data; } else { unset( $meta['sizes'][ $default_size ] ); } } if ( ! wp_update_attachment_metadata( $post_id, $meta ) || ( $old_backup_sizes !== $backup_sizes && ! update_post_meta( $post_id, '_wp_attachment_backup_sizes', $backup_sizes ) ) ) { $msg->error = __( 'Cannot save image metadata.' ); return $msg; } if ( ! $restored ) { $msg->error = __( 'Image metadata is inconsistent.' ); } else { $msg->msg = __( 'Image restored successfully.' ); if ( defined( 'IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE' ) && IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE ) { delete_post_meta( $post_id, '_wp_attachment_backup_sizes' ); } } return $msg; } /** * Saves image to post, along with enqueued changes * in `$_REQUEST['history']`. * * @since 2.9.0 * * @param int $post_id Attachment post ID. * @return stdClass */ function wp_save_image( $post_id ) { $_wp_additional_image_sizes = wp_get_additional_image_sizes(); $return = new stdClass(); $success = false; $delete = false; $scaled = false; $nocrop = false; $post = get_post( $post_id ); $img = wp_get_image_editor( _load_image_to_edit_path( $post_id, 'full' ) ); if ( is_wp_error( $img ) ) { $return->error = esc_js( __( 'Unable to create new image.' ) ); return $return; } $full_width = ! empty( $_REQUEST['fwidth'] ) ? (int) $_REQUEST['fwidth'] : 0; $full_height = ! empty( $_REQUEST['fheight'] ) ? (int) $_REQUEST['fheight'] : 0; $target = ! empty( $_REQUEST['target'] ) ? preg_replace( '/[^a-z0-9_-]+/i', '', $_REQUEST['target'] ) : ''; $scale = ! empty( $_REQUEST['do'] ) && 'scale' === $_REQUEST['do']; /** This filter is documented in wp-admin/includes/image-edit.php */ $edit_thumbnails_separately = (bool) apply_filters( 'image_edit_thumbnails_separately', false ); if ( $scale ) { $size = $img->get_size(); $original_width = $size['width']; $original_height = $size['height']; if ( $full_width > $original_width || $full_height > $original_height ) { $return->error = esc_js( __( 'Images cannot be scaled to a size larger than the original.' ) ); return $return; } if ( $full_width > 0 && $full_height > 0 ) { // Check if it has roughly the same w / h ratio. $diff = round( $original_width / $original_height, 2 ) - round( $full_width / $full_height, 2 ); if ( -0.1 < $diff && $diff < 0.1 ) { // Scale the full size image. if ( $img->resize( $full_width, $full_height ) ) { $scaled = true; } } if ( ! $scaled ) { $return->error = esc_js( __( 'Error while saving the scaled image. Please reload the page and try again.' ) ); return $return; } } } elseif ( ! empty( $_REQUEST['history'] ) ) { $changes = json_decode( wp_unslash( $_REQUEST['history'] ) ); if ( $changes ) { $img = image_edit_apply_changes( $img, $changes ); } } else { $return->error = esc_js( __( 'Nothing to save, the image has not changed.' ) ); return $return; } $meta = wp_get_attachment_metadata( $post_id ); $backup_sizes = get_post_meta( $post->ID, '_wp_attachment_backup_sizes', true ); if ( ! is_array( $meta ) ) { $return->error = esc_js( __( 'Image data does not exist. Please re-upload the image.' ) ); return $return; } if ( ! is_array( $backup_sizes ) ) { $backup_sizes = array(); } // Generate new filename. $path = get_attached_file( $post_id ); $basename = pathinfo( $path, PATHINFO_BASENAME ); $dirname = pathinfo( $path, PATHINFO_DIRNAME ); $ext = pathinfo( $path, PATHINFO_EXTENSION ); $filename = pathinfo( $path, PATHINFO_FILENAME ); $suffix = time() . rand( 100, 999 ); if ( defined( 'IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE' ) && IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE && isset( $backup_sizes['full-orig'] ) && $backup_sizes['full-orig']['file'] !== $basename ) { if ( $edit_thumbnails_separately && 'thumbnail' === $target ) { $new_path = "{$dirname}/{$filename}-temp.{$ext}"; } else { $new_path = $path; } } else { while ( true ) { $filename = preg_replace( '/-e([0-9]+)$/', '', $filename ); $filename .= "-e{$suffix}"; $new_filename = "{$filename}.{$ext}"; $new_path = "{$dirname}/$new_filename"; if ( file_exists( $new_path ) ) { ++$suffix; } else { break; } } } $saved_image = wp_save_image_file( $new_path, $img, $post->post_mime_type, $post_id ); // Save the full-size file, also needed to create sub-sizes. if ( ! $saved_image ) { $return->error = esc_js( __( 'Unable to save the image.' ) ); return $return; } if ( 'nothumb' === $target || 'all' === $target || 'full' === $target || $scaled ) { $tag = false; if ( isset( $backup_sizes['full-orig'] ) ) { if ( ( ! defined( 'IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE' ) || ! IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE ) && $backup_sizes['full-orig']['file'] !== $basename ) { $tag = "full-$suffix"; } } else { $tag = 'full-orig'; } if ( $tag ) { $backup_sizes[ $tag ] = array( 'width' => $meta['width'], 'height' => $meta['height'], 'filesize' => $meta['filesize'], 'file' => $basename, ); } $success = ( $path === $new_path ) || update_attached_file( $post_id, $new_path ); $meta['file'] = _wp_relative_upload_path( $new_path ); $size = $img->get_size(); $meta['width'] = $size['width']; $meta['height'] = $size['height']; $meta['filesize'] = $saved_image['filesize']; if ( $success && ( 'nothumb' === $target || 'all' === $target ) ) { $sizes = get_intermediate_image_sizes(); if ( $edit_thumbnails_separately && 'nothumb' === $target ) { $sizes = array_diff( $sizes, array( 'thumbnail' ) ); } } $return->fw = $meta['width']; $return->fh = $meta['height']; } elseif ( $edit_thumbnails_separately && 'thumbnail' === $target ) { $sizes = array( 'thumbnail' ); $success = true; $delete = true; $nocrop = true; } /* * We need to remove any existing resized image files because * a new crop or rotate could generate different sizes (and hence, filenames), * keeping the new resized images from overwriting the existing image files. * https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/32171 */ if ( defined( 'IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE' ) && IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE && ! empty( $meta['sizes'] ) ) { foreach ( $meta['sizes'] as $size ) { if ( ! empty( $size['file'] ) && preg_match( '/-e[0-9]{13}-/', $size['file'] ) ) { $delete_file = path_join( $dirname, $size['file'] ); wp_delete_file( $delete_file ); } } } if ( isset( $sizes ) ) { $_sizes = array(); foreach ( $sizes as $size ) { $tag = false; if ( isset( $meta['sizes'][ $size ] ) ) { if ( isset( $backup_sizes[ "$size-orig" ] ) ) { if ( ( ! defined( 'IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE' ) || ! IMAGE_EDIT_OVERWRITE ) && $backup_sizes[ "$size-orig" ]['file'] !== $meta['sizes'][ $size ]['file'] ) { $tag = "$size-$suffix"; } } else { $tag = "$size-orig"; } if ( $tag ) { $backup_sizes[ $tag ] = $meta['sizes'][ $size ]; } } if ( isset( $_wp_additional_image_sizes[ $size ] ) ) { $width = (int) $_wp_additional_image_sizes[ $size ]['width']; $height = (int) $_wp_additional_image_sizes[ $size ]['height']; $crop = ( $nocrop ) ? false : $_wp_additional_image_sizes[ $size ]['crop']; } else { $height = get_option( "{$size}_size_h" ); $width = get_option( "{$size}_size_w" ); $crop = ( $nocrop ) ? false : get_option( "{$size}_crop" ); } $_sizes[ $size ] = array( 'width' => $width, 'height' => $height, 'crop' => $crop, ); } $meta['sizes'] = array_merge( $meta['sizes'], $img->multi_resize( $_sizes ) ); } unset( $img ); if ( $success ) { wp_update_attachment_metadata( $post_id, $meta ); update_post_meta( $post_id, '_wp_attachment_backup_sizes', $backup_sizes ); if ( 'thumbnail' === $target || 'all' === $target || 'full' === $target ) { // Check if it's an image edit from attachment edit screen. if ( ! empty( $_REQUEST['context'] ) && 'edit-attachment' === $_REQUEST['context'] ) { $thumb_url = wp_get_attachment_image_src( $post_id, array( 900, 600 ), true ); $return->thumbnail = $thumb_url[0]; } else { $file_url = wp_get_attachment_url( $post_id ); if ( ! empty( $meta['sizes']['thumbnail'] ) ) { $thumb = $meta['sizes']['thumbnail']; $return->thumbnail = path_join( dirname( $file_url ), $thumb['file'] ); } else { $return->thumbnail = "$file_url?w=128&h=128"; } } } } else { $delete = true; } if ( $delete ) { wp_delete_file( $new_path ); } $return->msg = esc_js( __( 'Image saved' ) ); return $return; }

معرفة

الذكاء الاصطناعي وتعليم ذوي الهمم: جامعة القاهرة تفتح النقاش

مايو 18, 2025

1٬099 2 دقائق

‏كتبت شروق عارف
في ظل التقدم السريع في تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي وتوسعها في مختلف المجالات مثل التعليم والمحاماة والرعاية الصحية والإعلام نظمت جامعة القاهرة مؤتمر بعنوان أفاق الذي يهدف إلى دمج تقنية الذكاء الاصطناعي في تعليم ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة وفي هذا السياق ظهرت عدة تساؤلات مهمة هل يمكن الاعتماد على الذكاء الاصطناعي في تعليم وتأهيل الأطفال ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة؟ أم أنه مجرد أداة مساعدة بجانب المتخصصين والمعلمين

تصنيف ذوي الاحتياجات مهم للإستخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي

من جانبها أوضحت الدكتورة رشا أحمد أخصائية التخاطب والعلاج النفسي والسلوكي على ضرورة تصنيف فئة ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة عند توظيف تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي وأشارت إلى أن بعض الحالات خاصة من يعانون من إعاقات شديدة مقترنة بتأخر لغوي أو اضطرابات نفسية قد لا يتمكنون من الاستفادة الكاملة من هذه البرامج

الذكاء الاصطناعي لا يغني عن الاخصائي

من جانبه أوضحت منه كرم الأخصائي النفسية على أهمية وجود إشراف نفسي دائم عند استخدام تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي مع الأطفال من ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة وذلك لما يواجهه هؤلاء الأطفال من صعوبات نفسية وسلوكية تستلزم متابعة دقيقة من متخصصين كما أوضحت أن الذكاء الاصطناعي غير مؤهل للتعامل مع الاضطرابات النفسية العميقة التي تحتاج إلى تدخل الأخصائي بشكل مباشر وشددت على أن هذه لتقنيات لا تعتبر بديل عن الرعاية النفسية أو العلاج السلوكي بل ينبغي أن تكون وسيلة مساعدة تدعم عمل الأخصائيين النفسيين دون أن تحل محلها
‏

تدخل الاخصائي أساسي في تأهيل الأطفال ذوي الاحتياجات الخاص
أوضحت الدكتورة إيناس الشيخ الأخصائية النفسية واستشاري أمراض التخاطب أن الذكاء الاصطناعي يمكنه المساعدة في إعداد البرامج ووضع استراتيجيات لتحقيق أهدافها لكنه لا يستطيع تنفيذ هذه الاستراتيجيات بنفسه فالتدخل البشري بظل عنصر أساسيا وخاصة عند التعامل مع الأطفال من ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة وأضافت: الطفل في هذه الحالة يحتاج إلى من يشعر به ويتعاطف معه ويحسن التعامل معه دون الإخلال بمصلحته لذلك لا بد من وجود شخص متخصص يعرف كيف يدير حالة الطفل ويساعده في التأهيل بشكل صحيح
وتابعت حديثها قائلة ترك الطفل لفترات طويلة أمام الشاشات أو الهاتف المحمول له نفس خطورة الاعتماد الكامل على الذكاء الاصطناعي لأن الطفل يكون حينها في وضع المستقبل فقط دون تفاعل حقيقي. بينما التفاعل البشري المباشر يُعزز من فرص التواصل الاجتماعي وتنمية المهارات وفيما يخص حالات القلق المفرط عند الأطفال
كما أوضحت الدكتورة إيناس أن الذكاء الاصطناعي قد يساعد في وضع خطة علاجية وتنفيذ فيديوهات للتعرض التدريجي للمخاوف لكنه لا يمكنه تنفيذ الخطة على أرض الواقع فالتواصل الإنساني يظل ضروري خاصة في مثل هذه الحالات الحساسة
و أشارت إلى أن بعض برامج النطق المدعومة بالذكاء الاصطناعي قد تكون مفيدة في أداء بعض التمارين خاصة للأطفال من ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة لكن من المهم أن ندرك أن كل طفل له احتياجاته وظروفه الخاصة وهذه التفاصيل لا يستطيع لذكاء الاصطناعي التعامل معها بدقة دائما
كما ان الاعتماد الكامل على الذكاء الاصطناعي في تأهيل الأطفال ذوي لاحتياجات الخاصة يحمل العديد من المخاطر لذا يجب أن يكون هناك دور فعال للأخصائي لفهم الحالة وتوجيهها بالشكل المناسب