<?php
/**
* Script Modules API: WP_Script_Modules class.
*
* Native support for ES Modules and Import Maps.
*
* @package WordPress
* @subpackage Script Modules
*/
/**
* Core class used to register script modules.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*/
class WP_Script_Modules {
/**
* Holds the registered script modules, keyed by script module identifier.
*
* @since 6.5.0
* @var array[]
*/
private $registered = array();
/**
* Holds the script module identifiers that were enqueued before registered.
*
* @since 6.5.0
* @var array<string, true>
*/
private $enqueued_before_registered = array();
/**
* Tracks whether the @wordpress/a11y script module is available.
*
* Some additional HTML is required on the page for the module to work. Track
* whether it's available to print at the appropriate time.
*
* @since 6.7.0
* @var bool
*/
private $a11y_available = false;
/**
* Registers the script module if no script module with that script module
* identifier has already been registered.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*
* @param string $id The identifier of the script module. Should be unique. It will be used in the
* final import map.
* @param string $src Optional. Full URL of the script module, or path of the script module relative
* to the WordPress root directory. If it is provided and the script module has
* not been registered yet, it will be registered.
* @param array $deps {
* Optional. List of dependencies.
*
* @type string|array ...$0 {
* An array of script module identifiers of the dependencies of this script
* module. The dependencies can be strings or arrays. If they are arrays,
* they need an `id` key with the script module identifier, and can contain
* an `import` key with either `static` or `dynamic`. By default,
* dependencies that don't contain an `import` key are considered static.
*
* @type string $id The script module identifier.
* @type string $import Optional. Import type. May be either `static` or
* `dynamic`. Defaults to `static`.
* }
* }
* @param string|false|null $version Optional. String specifying the script module version number. Defaults to false.
* It is added to the URL as a query string for cache busting purposes. If $version
* is set to false, the version number is the currently installed WordPress version.
* If $version is set to null, no version is added.
*/
public function register( string $id, string $src, array $deps = array(), $version = false ) {
if ( ! isset( $this->registered[ $id ] ) ) {
$dependencies = array();
foreach ( $deps as $dependency ) {
if ( is_array( $dependency ) ) {
if ( ! isset( $dependency['id'] ) ) {
_doing_it_wrong( __METHOD__, __( 'Missing required id key in entry among dependencies array.' ), '6.5.0' );
continue;
}
$dependencies[] = array(
'id' => $dependency['id'],
'import' => isset( $dependency['import'] ) && 'dynamic' === $dependency['import'] ? 'dynamic' : 'static',
);
} elseif ( is_string( $dependency ) ) {
$dependencies[] = array(
'id' => $dependency,
'import' => 'static',
);
} else {
_doing_it_wrong( __METHOD__, __( 'Entries in dependencies array must be either strings or arrays with an id key.' ), '6.5.0' );
}
}
$this->registered[ $id ] = array(
'src' => $src,
'version' => $version,
'enqueue' => isset( $this->enqueued_before_registered[ $id ] ),
'dependencies' => $dependencies,
);
}
}
/**
* Marks the script module to be enqueued in the page.
*
* If a src is provided and the script module has not been registered yet, it
* will be registered.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*
* @param string $id The identifier of the script module. Should be unique. It will be used in the
* final import map.
* @param string $src Optional. Full URL of the script module, or path of the script module relative
* to the WordPress root directory. If it is provided and the script module has
* not been registered yet, it will be registered.
* @param array $deps {
* Optional. List of dependencies.
*
* @type string|array ...$0 {
* An array of script module identifiers of the dependencies of this script
* module. The dependencies can be strings or arrays. If they are arrays,
* they need an `id` key with the script module identifier, and can contain
* an `import` key with either `static` or `dynamic`. By default,
* dependencies that don't contain an `import` key are considered static.
*
* @type string $id The script module identifier.
* @type string $import Optional. Import type. May be either `static` or
* `dynamic`. Defaults to `static`.
* }
* }
* @param string|false|null $version Optional. String specifying the script module version number. Defaults to false.
* It is added to the URL as a query string for cache busting purposes. If $version
* is set to false, the version number is the currently installed WordPress version.
* If $version is set to null, no version is added.
*/
public function enqueue( string $id, string $src = '', array $deps = array(), $version = false ) {
if ( isset( $this->registered[ $id ] ) ) {
$this->registered[ $id ]['enqueue'] = true;
} elseif ( $src ) {
$this->register( $id, $src, $deps, $version );
$this->registered[ $id ]['enqueue'] = true;
} else {
$this->enqueued_before_registered[ $id ] = true;
}
}
/**
* Unmarks the script module so it will no longer be enqueued in the page.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*
* @param string $id The identifier of the script module.
*/
public function dequeue( string $id ) {
if ( isset( $this->registered[ $id ] ) ) {
$this->registered[ $id ]['enqueue'] = false;
}
unset( $this->enqueued_before_registered[ $id ] );
}
/**
* Removes a registered script module.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*
* @param string $id The identifier of the script module.
*/
public function deregister( string $id ) {
unset( $this->registered[ $id ] );
unset( $this->enqueued_before_registered[ $id ] );
}
/**
* Adds the hooks to print the import map, enqueued script modules and script
* module preloads.
*
* In classic themes, the script modules used by the blocks are not yet known
* when the `wp_head` actions is fired, so it needs to print everything in the
* footer.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*/
public function add_hooks() {
$position = wp_is_block_theme() ? 'wp_head' : 'wp_footer';
add_action( $position, array( $this, 'print_import_map' ) );
add_action( $position, array( $this, 'print_enqueued_script_modules' ) );
add_action( $position, array( $this, 'print_script_module_preloads' ) );
add_action( 'admin_print_footer_scripts', array( $this, 'print_import_map' ) );
add_action( 'admin_print_footer_scripts', array( $this, 'print_enqueued_script_modules' ) );
add_action( 'admin_print_footer_scripts', array( $this, 'print_script_module_preloads' ) );
add_action( 'wp_footer', array( $this, 'print_script_module_data' ) );
add_action( 'admin_print_footer_scripts', array( $this, 'print_script_module_data' ) );
add_action( 'wp_footer', array( $this, 'print_a11y_script_module_html' ), 20 );
add_action( 'admin_print_footer_scripts', array( $this, 'print_a11y_script_module_html' ), 20 );
}
/**
* Prints the enqueued script modules using script tags with type="module"
* attributes.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*/
public function print_enqueued_script_modules() {
foreach ( $this->get_marked_for_enqueue() as $id => $script_module ) {
wp_print_script_tag(
array(
'type' => 'module',
'src' => $this->get_src( $id ),
'id' => $id . '-js-module',
)
);
}
}
/**
* Prints the the static dependencies of the enqueued script modules using
* link tags with rel="modulepreload" attributes.
*
* If a script module is marked for enqueue, it will not be preloaded.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*/
public function print_script_module_preloads() {
foreach ( $this->get_dependencies( array_keys( $this->get_marked_for_enqueue() ), array( 'static' ) ) as $id => $script_module ) {
// Don't preload if it's marked for enqueue.
if ( true !== $script_module['enqueue'] ) {
echo sprintf(
'<link rel="modulepreload" href="%s" id="%s">',
esc_url( $this->get_src( $id ) ),
esc_attr( $id . '-js-modulepreload' )
);
}
}
}
/**
* Prints the import map using a script tag with a type="importmap" attribute.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*/
public function print_import_map() {
$import_map = $this->get_import_map();
if ( ! empty( $import_map['imports'] ) ) {
wp_print_inline_script_tag(
wp_json_encode( $import_map, JSON_HEX_TAG | JSON_HEX_AMP ),
array(
'type' => 'importmap',
'id' => 'wp-importmap',
)
);
}
}
/**
* Returns the import map array.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*
* @return array Array with an `imports` key mapping to an array of script module identifiers and their respective
* URLs, including the version query.
*/
private function get_import_map(): array {
$imports = array();
foreach ( $this->get_dependencies( array_keys( $this->get_marked_for_enqueue() ) ) as $id => $script_module ) {
$imports[ $id ] = $this->get_src( $id );
}
return array( 'imports' => $imports );
}
/**
* Retrieves the list of script modules marked for enqueue.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*
* @return array[] Script modules marked for enqueue, keyed by script module identifier.
*/
private function get_marked_for_enqueue(): array {
$enqueued = array();
foreach ( $this->registered as $id => $script_module ) {
if ( true === $script_module['enqueue'] ) {
$enqueued[ $id ] = $script_module;
}
}
return $enqueued;
}
/**
* Retrieves all the dependencies for the given script module identifiers,
* filtered by import types.
*
* It will consolidate an array containing a set of unique dependencies based
* on the requested import types: 'static', 'dynamic', or both. This method is
* recursive and also retrieves dependencies of the dependencies.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*
* @param string[] $ids The identifiers of the script modules for which to gather dependencies.
* @param string[] $import_types Optional. Import types of dependencies to retrieve: 'static', 'dynamic', or both.
* Default is both.
* @return array[] List of dependencies, keyed by script module identifier.
*/
private function get_dependencies( array $ids, array $import_types = array( 'static', 'dynamic' ) ) {
return array_reduce(
$ids,
function ( $dependency_script_modules, $id ) use ( $import_types ) {
$dependencies = array();
foreach ( $this->registered[ $id ]['dependencies'] as $dependency ) {
if (
in_array( $dependency['import'], $import_types, true ) &&
isset( $this->registered[ $dependency['id'] ] ) &&
! isset( $dependency_script_modules[ $dependency['id'] ] )
) {
$dependencies[ $dependency['id'] ] = $this->registered[ $dependency['id'] ];
}
}
return array_merge( $dependency_script_modules, $dependencies, $this->get_dependencies( array_keys( $dependencies ), $import_types ) );
},
array()
);
}
/**
* Gets the versioned URL for a script module src.
*
* If $version is set to false, the version number is the currently installed
* WordPress version. If $version is set to null, no version is added.
* Otherwise, the string passed in $version is used.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*
* @param string $id The script module identifier.
* @return string The script module src with a version if relevant.
*/
private function get_src( string $id ): string {
if ( ! isset( $this->registered[ $id ] ) ) {
return '';
}
$script_module = $this->registered[ $id ];
$src = $script_module['src'];
if ( false === $script_module['version'] ) {
$src = add_query_arg( 'ver', get_bloginfo( 'version' ), $src );
} elseif ( null !== $script_module['version'] ) {
$src = add_query_arg( 'ver', $script_module['version'], $src );
}
/**
* Filters the script module source.
*
* @since 6.5.0
*
* @param string $src Module source URL.
* @param string $id Module identifier.
*/
$src = apply_filters( 'script_module_loader_src', $src, $id );
return $src;
}
/**
* Print data associated with Script Modules.
*
* The data will be embedded in the page HTML and can be read by Script Modules on page load.
*
* @since 6.7.0
*
* Data can be associated with a Script Module via the
* {@see "script_module_data_{$module_id}"} filter.
*
* The data for a Script Module will be serialized as JSON in a script tag with an ID of the
* form `wp-script-module-data-{$module_id}`.
*/
public function print_script_module_data(): void {
$modules = array();
foreach ( array_keys( $this->get_marked_for_enqueue() ) as $id ) {
if ( '@wordpress/a11y' === $id ) {
$this->a11y_available = true;
}
$modules[ $id ] = true;
}
foreach ( array_keys( $this->get_import_map()['imports'] ) as $id ) {
if ( '@wordpress/a11y' === $id ) {
$this->a11y_available = true;
}
$modules[ $id ] = true;
}
foreach ( array_keys( $modules ) as $module_id ) {
/**
* Filters data associated with a given Script Module.
*
* Script Modules may require data that is required for initialization or is essential
* to have immediately available on page load. These are suitable use cases for
* this data.
*
* The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$module_id`, refers to the Script Module ID
* that the data is associated with.
*
* This is best suited to pass essential data that must be available to the module for
* initialization or immediately on page load. It does not replace the REST API or
* fetching data from the client.
*
* Example:
*
* add_filter(
* 'script_module_data_MyScriptModuleID',
* function ( array $data ): array {
* $data['dataForClient'] = 'ok';
* return $data;
* }
* );
*
* If the filter returns no data (an empty array), nothing will be embedded in the page.
*
* The data for a given Script Module, if provided, will be JSON serialized in a script
* tag with an ID of the form `wp-script-module-data-{$module_id}`.
*
* The data can be read on the client with a pattern like this:
*
* Example:
*
* const dataContainer = document.getElementById( 'wp-script-module-data-MyScriptModuleID' );
* let data = {};
* if ( dataContainer ) {
* try {
* data = JSON.parse( dataContainer.textContent );
* } catch {}
* }
* // data.dataForClient === 'ok';
* initMyScriptModuleWithData( data );
*
* @since 6.7.0
*
* @param array $data The data associated with the Script Module.
*/
$data = apply_filters( "script_module_data_{$module_id}", array() );
if ( is_array( $data ) && array() !== $data ) {
/*
* This data will be printed as JSON inside a script tag like this:
* <script type="application/json"></script>
*
* A script tag must be closed by a sequence beginning with `</`. It's impossible to
* close a script tag without using `<`. We ensure that `<` is escaped and `/` can
* remain unescaped, so `</script>` will be printed as `\u003C/script\u00E3`.
*
* - JSON_HEX_TAG: All < and > are converted to \u003C and \u003E.
* - JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES: Don't escape /.
*
* If the page will use UTF-8 encoding, it's safe to print unescaped unicode:
*
* - JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE: Encode multibyte Unicode characters literally (instead of as `\uXXXX`).
* - JSON_UNESCAPED_LINE_TERMINATORS: The line terminators are kept unescaped when
* JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE is supplied. It uses the same behaviour as it was
* before PHP 7.1 without this constant. Available as of PHP 7.1.0.
*
* The JSON specification requires encoding in UTF-8, so if the generated HTML page
* is not encoded in UTF-8 then it's not safe to include those literals. They must
* be escaped to avoid encoding issues.
*
* @see https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8259.html for details on encoding requirements.
* @see https://www.php.net/manual/en/json.constants.php for details on these constants.
* @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#script-data-state for details on script tag parsing.
*/
$json_encode_flags = JSON_HEX_TAG | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES | JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE | JSON_UNESCAPED_LINE_TERMINATORS;
if ( ! is_utf8_charset() ) {
$json_encode_flags = JSON_HEX_TAG | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES;
}
wp_print_inline_script_tag(
wp_json_encode(
$data,
$json_encode_flags
),
array(
'type' => 'application/json',
'id' => "wp-script-module-data-{$module_id}",
)
);
}
}
}
/**
* @access private This is only intended to be called by the registered actions.
*
* @since 6.7.0
*/
public function print_a11y_script_module_html() {
if ( ! $this->a11y_available ) {
return;
}
echo '<div style="position:absolute;margin:-1px;padding:0;height:1px;width:1px;overflow:hidden;clip-path:inset(50%);border:0;word-wrap:normal !important;">'
. '<p id="a11y-speak-intro-text" class="a11y-speak-intro-text" hidden>' . esc_html__( 'Notifications' ) . '</p>'
. '<div id="a11y-speak-assertive" class="a11y-speak-region" aria-live="assertive" aria-relevant="additions text" aria-atomic="true"></div>'
. '<div id="a11y-speak-polite" class="a11y-speak-region" aria-live="polite" aria-relevant="additions text" aria-atomic="true"></div>'
. '</div>';
}
}
“Manus AI”… مساعد رقمي بقدرات متقدمة وحدود تجارية صارمة
كتبت إيريني أنطون
في ظل تصاعد الاهتمام بتطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي، برز تطبيق “Manus AI” كمساعد ذكي جديد يعد بتجاوز دور “الدردشة” إلى تنفيذ مهام معقدة، تشمل كتابة المقالات، إنتاج الصوتيات، وتحليل البيانات. إلا أن التجربة في الواقعية مع التطبيق تكشف عن مزيج من الإعجاب والإحباط.
عند تجربة التطبيق لكتابة مقال حول الذكاء الاصطناعي، أظهر “Manus” تجاوبًا دقيقًا ومنظمًا. بدأ بتأكيده على كتابة مقال شامل يغطي الجوانب التاريخية والتقنية والاجتماعية للموضوع، مع وعد بتقديم محتوى غني ومبني على مصادر موثوقة. كما أوضح استعداده لمواصلة العمل ومشاركة التقدم مع المستخدم.
لكن بعد بدء تنفيذ المهمة، توقّف التطبيق في منتصف العملية وطالب بالاشتراك المدفوع لاستكمالها، مما كشف عن سياسة تجارية قائمة على الدفع مقابل الاستمرارية. هذا النموذج قد يمثل عائقًا أمام المستخدمين الذين يتوقعون تجربة مجانية أو مرنة.
في تجربة أخرى، تم اختبار قدرة التطبيق على إنتاج مؤثرات صوتية، حيث طُلب منه إنشاء صوت طائر مع ضوضاء بيئية. وقد نجح في تنفيذ المهمة بدقة، ما يؤكد امتلاكه قدرات إبداعية تتجاوز النصوص الكتابية.
الفرق بين Manus وChatGPT:
يُعد “Manus” بمثابة وكيل ذكاء اصطناعي (AI Agent) يتجاوز الدردشة النصية التقليدية، حيث يمكنه تنفيذ سلسلة من المهام تلقائيًا داخل بيئة عمل افتراضية، مثل التصفح، البرمجة، أو التحكم في أدوات خارجية. بالمقابل، يقدم “ChatGPT” تجربة محادثة متقدمة تقوم على فهم اللغة الطبيعية وتوليد النصوص، مع بعض الإمكانيات التفاعلية، لكنه لا يعمل بشكل مستقل أو تلقائي لتنفيذ مهام متعددة الخطوات إلا إذا تم ربطه بأدوات خارجية (مثل GPTs الخاصة أو الإضافات).
كما أن “ChatGPT” يسمح للمستخدم باستخدام العديد من قدراته مجانًا أو عبر اشتراك شهري ثابت، بينما “Manus” يعمل بنظام نقاط واستهلاك، مما يجعله أكثر تقييدًا من حيث حرية الاستخدام.
يعكس “Manus AI” توجهًا متطورًا في عالم المساعدات الذكية، حيث يجمع بين التفاعل البشري والقدرات التنفيذية المتقدمة. ومع ذلك، فإن نظامه القائم على الاشتراكات ونقاط الاستخدام يضع حدودًا واضحة أمام مجانية الوصول إلى إمكانياته الكاملة. وبينما يُظهر تفوقًا تقنيًا في تنفيذ بعض المهام تلقائيًا، يظل ChatGPT أكثر مرونة وتنوعًا في الاستخدام اليومي، خاصة لمن يبحثون عن مزيج بين القوة وسهولة الوصول.
