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/home/tahkoom/public_html/wp-includes/sodium_compat/src/Crypto.php
<?php

if (class_exists('ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto', false)) {
    return;
}

/**
 * Class ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto
 *
 * ATTENTION!
 *
 * If you are using this library, you should be using
 * ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat in your code, not this class.
 */
abstract class ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto
{
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_NSECBYTES = 0;
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_NPUBBYTES = 8;
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_ABYTES = 16;

    const aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_NSECBYTES = 0;
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES = 12;
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_ABYTES = 16;

    const aead_xchacha20poly1305_IETF_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const aead_xchacha20poly1305_IETF_NSECBYTES = 0;
    const aead_xchacha20poly1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES = 24;
    const aead_xchacha20poly1305_IETF_ABYTES = 16;

    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_SEEDBYTES = 32;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_PUBLICKEYBYTES = 32;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_SECRETKEYBYTES = 32;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_BEFORENMBYTES = 32;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_NONCEBYTES = 24;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_MACBYTES = 16;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_BOXZEROBYTES = 16;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES = 32;

    const onetimeauth_poly1305_BYTES = 16;
    const onetimeauth_poly1305_KEYBYTES = 32;

    const secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_NONCEBYTES = 24;
    const secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_MACBYTES = 16;
    const secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_BOXZEROBYTES = 16;
    const secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES = 32;

    const secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_NONCEBYTES = 24;
    const secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_MACBYTES = 16;
    const secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_BOXZEROBYTES = 16;
    const secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES = 32;

    const stream_salsa20_KEYBYTES = 32;

    /**
     * AEAD Decryption with ChaCha20-Poly1305
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $ad
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function aead_chacha20poly1305_decrypt(
        $message = '',
        $ad = '',
        $nonce = '',
        $key = ''
    ) {
        /** @var int $len - Length of message (ciphertext + MAC) */
        $len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($message);

        /** @var int  $clen - Length of ciphertext */
        $clen = $len - self::aead_chacha20poly1305_ABYTES;

        /** @var int $adlen - Length of associated data */
        $adlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ad);

        /** @var string $mac - Message authentication code */
        $mac = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $message,
            $clen,
            self::aead_chacha20poly1305_ABYTES
        );

        /** @var string $ciphertext - The encrypted message (sans MAC) */
        $ciphertext = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($message, 0, $clen);

        /** @var string The first block of the chacha20 keystream, used as a poly1305 key */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::stream(
            32,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );

        /* Recalculate the Poly1305 authentication tag (MAC): */
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State($block0);
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($block0);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $block0 = null;
        }
        $state->update($ad);
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($adlen));
        $state->update($ciphertext);
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($clen));
        $computed_mac = $state->finish();

        /* Compare the given MAC with the recalculated MAC: */
        if (!ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::verify_16($computed_mac, $mac)) {
            throw new SodiumException('Invalid MAC');
        }

        // Here, we know that the MAC is valid, so we decrypt and return the plaintext
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::streamXorIc(
            $ciphertext,
            $nonce,
            $key,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
        );
    }

    /**
     * AEAD Encryption with ChaCha20-Poly1305
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $ad
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function aead_chacha20poly1305_encrypt(
        $message = '',
        $ad = '',
        $nonce = '',
        $key = ''
    ) {
        /** @var int $len - Length of the plaintext message */
        $len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($message);

        /** @var int $adlen - Length of the associated data */
        $adlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ad);

        /** @var string The first block of the chacha20 keystream, used as a poly1305 key */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::stream(
            32,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State($block0);
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($block0);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $block0 = null;
        }

        /** @var string $ciphertext - Raw encrypted data */
        $ciphertext = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::streamXorIc(
            $message,
            $nonce,
            $key,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
        );

        $state->update($ad);
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($adlen));
        $state->update($ciphertext);
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($len));
        return $ciphertext . $state->finish();
    }

    /**
     * AEAD Decryption with ChaCha20-Poly1305, IETF mode (96-bit nonce)
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $ad
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
        $message = '',
        $ad = '',
        $nonce = '',
        $key = ''
    ) {
        /** @var int $adlen - Length of associated data */
        $adlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ad);

        /** @var int $len - Length of message (ciphertext + MAC) */
        $len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($message);

        /** @var int  $clen - Length of ciphertext */
        $clen = $len - self::aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_ABYTES;

        /** @var string The first block of the chacha20 keystream, used as a poly1305 key */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStream(
            32,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );

        /** @var string $mac - Message authentication code */
        $mac = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $message,
            $len - self::aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_ABYTES,
            self::aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_ABYTES
        );

        /** @var string $ciphertext - The encrypted message (sans MAC) */
        $ciphertext = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $message,
            0,
            $len - self::aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_ABYTES
        );

        /* Recalculate the Poly1305 authentication tag (MAC): */
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State($block0);
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($block0);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $block0 = null;
        }
        $state->update($ad);
        $state->update(str_repeat("\x00", ((0x10 - $adlen) & 0xf)));
        $state->update($ciphertext);
        $state->update(str_repeat("\x00", (0x10 - $clen) & 0xf));
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($adlen));
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($clen));
        $computed_mac = $state->finish();

        /* Compare the given MAC with the recalculated MAC: */
        if (!ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::verify_16($computed_mac, $mac)) {
            throw new SodiumException('Invalid MAC');
        }

        // Here, we know that the MAC is valid, so we decrypt and return the plaintext
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            $ciphertext,
            $nonce,
            $key,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
        );
    }

    /**
     * AEAD Encryption with ChaCha20-Poly1305, IETF mode (96-bit nonce)
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $ad
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
        $message = '',
        $ad = '',
        $nonce = '',
        $key = ''
    ) {
        /** @var int $len - Length of the plaintext message */
        $len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($message);

        /** @var int $adlen - Length of the associated data */
        $adlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ad);

        /** @var string The first block of the chacha20 keystream, used as a poly1305 key */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStream(
            32,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State($block0);
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($block0);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $block0 = null;
        }

        /** @var string $ciphertext - Raw encrypted data */
        $ciphertext = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            $message,
            $nonce,
            $key,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
        );

        $state->update($ad);
        $state->update(str_repeat("\x00", ((0x10 - $adlen) & 0xf)));
        $state->update($ciphertext);
        $state->update(str_repeat("\x00", ((0x10 - $len) & 0xf)));
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($adlen));
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($len));
        return $ciphertext . $state->finish();
    }

    /**
     * AEAD Decryption with ChaCha20-Poly1305, IETF mode (96-bit nonce)
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $ad
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
        $message = '',
        $ad = '',
        $nonce = '',
        $key = ''
    ) {
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HChaCha20::hChaCha20(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 0, 16),
            $key
        );
        $nonceLast = "\x00\x00\x00\x00" .
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8);

        return self::aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt($message, $ad, $nonceLast, $subkey);
    }

    /**
     * AEAD Encryption with ChaCha20-Poly1305, IETF mode (96-bit nonce)
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $ad
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
        $message = '',
        $ad = '',
        $nonce = '',
        $key = ''
    ) {
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HChaCha20::hChaCha20(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 0, 16),
            $key
        );
        $nonceLast = "\x00\x00\x00\x00" .
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8);

        return self::aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt($message, $ad, $nonceLast, $subkey);
    }

    /**
     * HMAC-SHA-512-256 (a.k.a. the leftmost 256 bits of HMAC-SHA-512)
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function auth($message, $key)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            hash_hmac('sha512', $message, $key, true),
            0,
            32
        );
    }

    /**
     * HMAC-SHA-512-256 validation. Constant-time via hash_equals().
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $mac
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $key
     * @return bool
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function auth_verify($mac, $message, $key)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::hashEquals(
            $mac,
            self::auth($message, $key)
        );
    }

    /**
     * X25519 key exchange followed by XSalsa20Poly1305 symmetric encryption
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $plaintext
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $keypair
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box($plaintext, $nonce, $keypair)
    {
        $c = self::secretbox(
            $plaintext,
            $nonce,
            self::box_beforenm(
                self::box_secretkey($keypair),
                self::box_publickey($keypair)
            )
        );
        return $c;
    }

    /**
     * X25519-XSalsa20-Poly1305 with one ephemeral X25519 keypair.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $publicKey
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_seal($message, $publicKey)
    {
        /** @var string $ephemeralKeypair */
        $ephemeralKeypair = self::box_keypair();

        /** @var string $ephemeralSK */
        $ephemeralSK = self::box_secretkey($ephemeralKeypair);

        /** @var string $ephemeralPK */
        $ephemeralPK = self::box_publickey($ephemeralKeypair);

        /** @var string $nonce */
        $nonce = self::generichash(
            $ephemeralPK . $publicKey,
            '',
            24
        );

        /** @var string $keypair - The combined keypair used in crypto_box() */
        $keypair = self::box_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey($ephemeralSK, $publicKey);

        /** @var string $ciphertext Ciphertext + MAC from crypto_box */
        $ciphertext = self::box($message, $nonce, $keypair);
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($ephemeralKeypair);
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($ephemeralSK);
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($nonce);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $ephemeralKeypair = null;
            $ephemeralSK = null;
            $nonce = null;
        }
        return $ephemeralPK . $ciphertext;
    }

    /**
     * Opens a message encrypted via box_seal().
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $keypair
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_seal_open($message, $keypair)
    {
        /** @var string $ephemeralPK */
        $ephemeralPK = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($message, 0, 32);

        /** @var string $ciphertext (ciphertext + MAC) */
        $ciphertext = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($message, 32);

        /** @var string $secretKey */
        $secretKey = self::box_secretkey($keypair);

        /** @var string $publicKey */
        $publicKey = self::box_publickey($keypair);

        /** @var string $nonce */
        $nonce = self::generichash(
            $ephemeralPK . $publicKey,
            '',
            24
        );

        /** @var string $keypair */
        $keypair = self::box_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey($secretKey, $ephemeralPK);

        /** @var string $m */
        $m = self::box_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $keypair);
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($secretKey);
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($ephemeralPK);
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($nonce);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $secretKey = null;
            $ephemeralPK = null;
            $nonce = null;
        }
        return $m;
    }

    /**
     * Used by crypto_box() to get the crypto_secretbox() key.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $sk
     * @param string $pk
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_beforenm($sk, $pk)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HSalsa20::hsalsa20(
            str_repeat("\x00", 16),
            self::scalarmult($sk, $pk)
        );
    }

    /**
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_keypair()
    {
        $sKey = random_bytes(32);
        $pKey = self::scalarmult_base($sKey);
        return $sKey . $pKey;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $seed
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_seed_keypair($seed)
    {
        $sKey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            hash('sha512', $seed, true),
            0,
            32
        );
        $pKey = self::scalarmult_base($sKey);
        return $sKey . $pKey;
    }

    /**
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $sKey
     * @param string $pKey
     * @return string
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey($sKey, $pKey)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($sKey, 0, 32) .
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($pKey, 0, 32);
    }

    /**
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $keypair
     * @return string
     * @throws RangeException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_secretkey($keypair)
    {
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($keypair) !== 64) {
            throw new RangeException(
                'Must be ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES bytes long.'
            );
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($keypair, 0, 32);
    }

    /**
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $keypair
     * @return string
     * @throws RangeException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_publickey($keypair)
    {
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($keypair) !== ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES) {
            throw new RangeException(
                'Must be ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES bytes long.'
            );
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($keypair, 32, 32);
    }

    /**
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $sKey
     * @return string
     * @throws RangeException
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_publickey_from_secretkey($sKey)
    {
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($sKey) !== ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES) {
            throw new RangeException(
                'Must be ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES bytes long.'
            );
        }
        return self::scalarmult_base($sKey);
    }

    /**
     * Decrypt a message encrypted with box().
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $keypair
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $keypair)
    {
        return self::secretbox_open(
            $ciphertext,
            $nonce,
            self::box_beforenm(
                self::box_secretkey($keypair),
                self::box_publickey($keypair)
            )
        );
    }

    /**
     * Calculate a BLAKE2b hash.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string|null $key
     * @param int $outlen
     * @return string
     * @throws RangeException
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function generichash($message, $key = '', $outlen = 32)
    {
        // This ensures that ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::$iv is initialized
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::pseudoConstructor();

        $k = null;
        if (!empty($key)) {
            /** @var SplFixedArray $k */
            $k = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($key);
            if ($k->count() > ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::KEYBYTES) {
                throw new RangeException('Invalid key size');
            }
        }

        /** @var SplFixedArray $in */
        $in = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($message);

        /** @var SplFixedArray $ctx */
        $ctx = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::init($k, $outlen);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::update($ctx, $in, $in->count());

        /** @var SplFixedArray $out */
        $out = new SplFixedArray($outlen);
        $out = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::finish($ctx, $out);

        /** @var array<int, int> */
        $outArray = $out->toArray();
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::intArrayToString($outArray);
    }

    /**
     * Finalize a BLAKE2b hashing context, returning the hash.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $ctx
     * @param int $outlen
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function generichash_final($ctx, $outlen = 32)
    {
        if (!is_string($ctx)) {
            throw new TypeError('Context must be a string');
        }
        $out = new SplFixedArray($outlen);

        /** @var SplFixedArray $context */
        $context = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToContext($ctx);

        /** @var SplFixedArray $out */
        $out = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::finish($context, $out);

        /** @var array<int, int> */
        $outArray = $out->toArray();
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::intArrayToString($outArray);
    }

    /**
     * Initialize a hashing context for BLAKE2b.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $key
     * @param int $outputLength
     * @return string
     * @throws RangeException
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function generichash_init($key = '', $outputLength = 32)
    {
        // This ensures that ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::$iv is initialized
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::pseudoConstructor();

        $k = null;
        if (!empty($key)) {
            $k = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($key);
            if ($k->count() > ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::KEYBYTES) {
                throw new RangeException('Invalid key size');
            }
        }

        /** @var SplFixedArray $ctx */
        $ctx = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::init($k, $outputLength);

        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::contextToString($ctx);
    }

    /**
     * Initialize a hashing context for BLAKE2b.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $key
     * @param int $outputLength
     * @param string $salt
     * @param string $personal
     * @return string
     * @throws RangeException
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function generichash_init_salt_personal(
        $key = '',
        $outputLength = 32,
        $salt = '',
        $personal = ''
    ) {
        // This ensures that ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::$iv is initialized
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::pseudoConstructor();

        $k = null;
        if (!empty($key)) {
            $k = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($key);
            if ($k->count() > ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::KEYBYTES) {
                throw new RangeException('Invalid key size');
            }
        }
        if (!empty($salt)) {
            $s = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($salt);
        } else {
            $s = null;
        }
        if (!empty($salt)) {
            $p = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($personal);
        } else {
            $p = null;
        }

        /** @var SplFixedArray $ctx */
        $ctx = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::init($k, $outputLength, $s, $p);

        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::contextToString($ctx);
    }

    /**
     * Update a hashing context for BLAKE2b with $message
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $ctx
     * @param string $message
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function generichash_update($ctx, $message)
    {
        // This ensures that ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::$iv is initialized
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::pseudoConstructor();

        /** @var SplFixedArray $context */
        $context = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToContext($ctx);

        /** @var SplFixedArray $in */
        $in = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($message);

        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::update($context, $in, $in->count());

        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::contextToString($context);
    }

    /**
     * Libsodium's crypto_kx().
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $my_sk
     * @param string $their_pk
     * @param string $client_pk
     * @param string $server_pk
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function keyExchange($my_sk, $their_pk, $client_pk, $server_pk)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::crypto_generichash(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::crypto_scalarmult($my_sk, $their_pk) .
            $client_pk .
            $server_pk
        );
    }

    /**
     * ECDH over Curve25519
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $sKey
     * @param string $pKey
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function scalarmult($sKey, $pKey)
    {
        $q = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_X25519::crypto_scalarmult_curve25519_ref10($sKey, $pKey);
        self::scalarmult_throw_if_zero($q);
        return $q;
    }

    /**
     * ECDH over Curve25519, using the basepoint.
     * Used to get a secret key from a public key.
     *
     * @param string $secret
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function scalarmult_base($secret)
    {
        $q = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_X25519::crypto_scalarmult_curve25519_ref10_base($secret);
        self::scalarmult_throw_if_zero($q);
        return $q;
    }

    /**
     * This throws an Error if a zero public key was passed to the function.
     *
     * @param string $q
     * @return void
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    protected static function scalarmult_throw_if_zero($q)
    {
        $d = 0;
        for ($i = 0; $i < self::box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_SECRETKEYBYTES; ++$i) {
            $d |= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::chrToInt($q[$i]);
        }

        /* branch-free variant of === 0 */
        if (-(1 & (($d - 1) >> 8))) {
            throw new SodiumException('Zero public key is not allowed');
        }
    }

    /**
     * XSalsa20-Poly1305 authenticated symmetric-key encryption.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $plaintext
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function secretbox($plaintext, $nonce, $key)
    {
        /** @var string $subkey */
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HSalsa20::hsalsa20($nonce, $key);

        /** @var string $block0 */
        $block0 = str_repeat("\x00", 32);

        /** @var int $mlen - Length of the plaintext message */
        $mlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($plaintext);
        $mlen0 = $mlen;
        if ($mlen0 > 64 - self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES) {
            $mlen0 = 64 - self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES;
        }
        $block0 .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($plaintext, 0, $mlen0);

        /** @var string $block0 */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Salsa20::salsa20_xor(
            $block0,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8),
            $subkey
        );

        /** @var string $c */
        $c = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $block0,
            self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES
        );
        if ($mlen > $mlen0) {
            $c .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Salsa20::salsa20_xor_ic(
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                    $plaintext,
                    self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES
                ),
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8),
                1,
                $subkey
            );
        }
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                $block0,
                0,
                self::onetimeauth_poly1305_KEYBYTES
            )
        );
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($block0);
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($subkey);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $block0 = null;
            $subkey = null;
        }

        $state->update($c);

        /** @var string $c - MAC || ciphertext */
        $c = $state->finish() . $c;
        unset($state);

        return $c;
    }

    /**
     * Decrypt a ciphertext generated via secretbox().
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function secretbox_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $key)
    {
        /** @var string $mac */
        $mac = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $ciphertext,
            0,
            self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_MACBYTES
        );

        /** @var string $c */
        $c = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $ciphertext,
            self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_MACBYTES
        );

        /** @var int $clen */
        $clen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($c);

        /** @var string $subkey */
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HSalsa20::hsalsa20($nonce, $key);

        /** @var string $block0 */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Salsa20::salsa20(
            64,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8),
            $subkey
        );
        $verified = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305::onetimeauth_verify(
            $mac,
            $c,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($block0, 0, 32)
        );
        if (!$verified) {
            try {
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($subkey);
            } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
                $subkey = null;
            }
            throw new SodiumException('Invalid MAC');
        }

        /** @var string $m - Decrypted message */
        $m = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::xorStrings(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($block0, self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($c, 0, self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES)
        );
        if ($clen > self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES) {
            // We had more than 1 block, so let's continue to decrypt the rest.
            $m .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Salsa20::salsa20_xor_ic(
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                    $c,
                    self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES
                ),
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8),
                1,
                (string) $subkey
            );
        }
        return $m;
    }

    /**
     * XChaCha20-Poly1305 authenticated symmetric-key encryption.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $plaintext
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function secretbox_xchacha20poly1305($plaintext, $nonce, $key)
    {
        /** @var string $subkey */
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HChaCha20::hChaCha20(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 0, 16),
            $key
        );
        $nonceLast = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8);

        /** @var string $block0 */
        $block0 = str_repeat("\x00", 32);

        /** @var int $mlen - Length of the plaintext message */
        $mlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($plaintext);
        $mlen0 = $mlen;
        if ($mlen0 > 64 - self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES) {
            $mlen0 = 64 - self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES;
        }
        $block0 .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($plaintext, 0, $mlen0);

        /** @var string $block0 */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::streamXorIc(
            $block0,
            $nonceLast,
            $subkey
        );

        /** @var string $c */
        $c = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $block0,
            self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES
        );
        if ($mlen > $mlen0) {
            $c .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::streamXorIc(
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                    $plaintext,
                    self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES
                ),
                $nonceLast,
                $subkey,
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
            );
        }
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                $block0,
                0,
                self::onetimeauth_poly1305_KEYBYTES
            )
        );
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($block0);
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($subkey);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $block0 = null;
            $subkey = null;
        }

        $state->update($c);

        /** @var string $c - MAC || ciphertext */
        $c = $state->finish() . $c;
        unset($state);

        return $c;
    }

    /**
     * Decrypt a ciphertext generated via secretbox_xchacha20poly1305().
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $key)
    {
        /** @var string $mac */
        $mac = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $ciphertext,
            0,
            self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_MACBYTES
        );

        /** @var string $c */
        $c = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $ciphertext,
            self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_MACBYTES
        );

        /** @var int $clen */
        $clen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($c);

        /** @var string $subkey */
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HChaCha20::hchacha20($nonce, $key);

        /** @var string $block0 */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::stream(
            64,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8),
            $subkey
        );
        $verified = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305::onetimeauth_verify(
            $mac,
            $c,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($block0, 0, 32)
        );

        if (!$verified) {
            try {
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($subkey);
            } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
                $subkey = null;
            }
            throw new SodiumException('Invalid MAC');
        }

        /** @var string $m - Decrypted message */
        $m = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::xorStrings(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($block0, self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($c, 0, self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES)
        );

        if ($clen > self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES) {
            // We had more than 1 block, so let's continue to decrypt the rest.
            $m .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::streamXorIc(
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                    $c,
                    self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES
                ),
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8),
                (string) $subkey,
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
            );
        }
        return $m;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $key
     * @return array<int, string> Returns a state and a header.
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_push($key)
    {
        # randombytes_buf(out, crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_HEADERBYTES);
        $out = random_bytes(24);

        # crypto_core_hchacha20(state->k, out, k, NULL);
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HChaCha20::hChaCha20($out, $key);
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_SecretStream_State(
            $subkey,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($out, 16, 8) . str_repeat("\0", 4)
        );

        # _crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_counter_reset(state);
        $state->counterReset();

        # memcpy(STATE_INONCE(state), out + crypto_core_hchacha20_INPUTBYTES,
        #        crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES);
        # memset(state->_pad, 0, sizeof state->_pad);
        return array(
            $state->toString(),
            $out
        );
    }

    /**
     * @param string $key
     * @param string $header
     * @return string Returns a state.
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static function secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_pull($key, $header)
    {
        # crypto_core_hchacha20(state->k, in, k, NULL);
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HChaCha20::hChaCha20(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($header, 0, 16),
            $key
        );
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_SecretStream_State(
            $subkey,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($header, 16)
        );
        $state->counterReset();
        # memcpy(STATE_INONCE(state), in + crypto_core_hchacha20_INPUTBYTES,
        #     crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES);
        # memset(state->_pad, 0, sizeof state->_pad);
        # return 0;
        return $state->toString();
    }

    /**
     * @param string $state
     * @param string $msg
     * @param string $aad
     * @param int $tag
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_push(&$state, $msg, $aad = '', $tag = 0)
    {
        $st = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_SecretStream_State::fromString($state);
        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_state poly1305_state;
        # unsigned char                     block[64U];
        # unsigned char                     slen[8U];
        # unsigned char                    *c;
        # unsigned char                    *mac;

        $msglen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($msg);
        $aadlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($aad);

        if ((($msglen + 63) >> 6) > 0xfffffffe) {
            throw new SodiumException(
                'message cannot be larger than SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX bytes'
            );
        }

        # if (outlen_p != NULL) {
        #     *outlen_p = 0U;
        # }
        # if (mlen > crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX) {
        #     sodium_misuse();
        # }

        # crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf(block, sizeof block, state->nonce, state->k);
        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_init(&poly1305_state, block);
        # sodium_memzero(block, sizeof block);
        $auth = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStream(32, $st->getCombinedNonce(), $st->getKey())
        );

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, ad, adlen);
        $auth->update($aad);

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, _pad0,
        #     (0x10 - adlen) & 0xf);
        $auth->update(str_repeat("\0", ((0x10 - $aadlen) & 0xf)));

        # memset(block, 0, sizeof block);
        # block[0] = tag;
        # crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_xor_ic(block, block, sizeof block,
        #                                    state->nonce, 1U, state->k);
        $block = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::intToChr($tag) . str_repeat("\0", 63),
            $st->getCombinedNonce(),
            $st->getKey(),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
        );

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, block, sizeof block);
        $auth->update($block);

        # out[0] = block[0];
        $out = $block[0];
        # c = out + (sizeof tag);
        # crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_xor_ic(c, m, mlen, state->nonce, 2U, state->k);
        $cipher = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            $msg,
            $st->getCombinedNonce(),
            $st->getKey(),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(2)
        );

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, c, mlen);
        $auth->update($cipher);

        $out .= $cipher;
        unset($cipher);

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update
        # (&poly1305_state, _pad0, (0x10 - (sizeof block) + mlen) & 0xf);
        $auth->update(str_repeat("\0", ((0x10 - 64 + $msglen) & 0xf)));

        # STORE64_LE(slen, (uint64_t) adlen);
        $slen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($aadlen);

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, slen, sizeof slen);
        $auth->update($slen);

        # STORE64_LE(slen, (sizeof block) + mlen);
        $slen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(64 + $msglen);

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, slen, sizeof slen);
        $auth->update($slen);

        # mac = c + mlen;
        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_final(&poly1305_state, mac);
        $mac = $auth->finish();
        $out .= $mac;

        # sodium_memzero(&poly1305_state, sizeof poly1305_state);
        unset($auth);


        # XOR_BUF(STATE_INONCE(state), mac,
        #     crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES);
        $st->xorNonce($mac);

        # sodium_increment(STATE_COUNTER(state),
        #     crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_COUNTERBYTES);
        $st->incrementCounter();
        // Overwrite by reference:
        $state = $st->toString();

        /** @var bool $rekey */
        $rekey = ($tag & ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_TAG_REKEY) !== 0;
        # if ((tag & crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_REKEY) != 0 ||
        #     sodium_is_zero(STATE_COUNTER(state),
        #         crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_COUNTERBYTES)) {
        #     crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey(state);
        # }
        if ($rekey || $st->needsRekey()) {
            // DO REKEY
            self::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey($state);
        }
        # if (outlen_p != NULL) {
        #     *outlen_p = crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_ABYTES + mlen;
        # }
        return $out;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $state
     * @param string $cipher
     * @param string $aad
     * @return bool|array{0: string, 1: int}
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_pull(&$state, $cipher, $aad = '')
    {
        $st = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_SecretStream_State::fromString($state);

        $cipherlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($cipher);
        #     mlen = inlen - crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_ABYTES;
        $msglen = $cipherlen - ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_ABYTES;
        $aadlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($aad);

        #     if (mlen > crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX) {
        #         sodium_misuse();
        #     }
        if ((($msglen + 63) >> 6) > 0xfffffffe) {
            throw new SodiumException(
                'message cannot be larger than SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX bytes'
            );
        }

        #     crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf(block, sizeof block, state->nonce, state->k);
        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_init(&poly1305_state, block);
        #     sodium_memzero(block, sizeof block);
        $auth = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStream(32, $st->getCombinedNonce(), $st->getKey())
        );

        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, ad, adlen);
        $auth->update($aad);

        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, _pad0,
        #         (0x10 - adlen) & 0xf);
        $auth->update(str_repeat("\0", ((0x10 - $aadlen) & 0xf)));


        #     memset(block, 0, sizeof block);
        #     block[0] = in[0];
        #     crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_xor_ic(block, block, sizeof block,
        #                                        state->nonce, 1U, state->k);
        $block = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            $cipher[0] . str_repeat("\0", 63),
            $st->getCombinedNonce(),
            $st->getKey(),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
        );
        #     tag = block[0];
        #     block[0] = in[0];
        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, block, sizeof block);
        $tag = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::chrToInt($block[0]);
        $block[0] = $cipher[0];
        $auth->update($block);


        #     c = in + (sizeof tag);
        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, c, mlen);
        $auth->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($cipher, 1, $msglen));

        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update
        #     (&poly1305_state, _pad0, (0x10 - (sizeof block) + mlen) & 0xf);
        $auth->update(str_repeat("\0", ((0x10 - 64 + $msglen) & 0xf)));

        #     STORE64_LE(slen, (uint64_t) adlen);
        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, slen, sizeof slen);
        $slen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($aadlen);
        $auth->update($slen);

        #     STORE64_LE(slen, (sizeof block) + mlen);
        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, slen, sizeof slen);
        $slen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(64 + $msglen);
        $auth->update($slen);

        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_final(&poly1305_state, mac);
        #     sodium_memzero(&poly1305_state, sizeof poly1305_state);
        $mac = $auth->finish();

        #     stored_mac = c + mlen;
        #     if (sodium_memcmp(mac, stored_mac, sizeof mac) != 0) {
        #     sodium_memzero(mac, sizeof mac);
        #         return -1;
        #     }

        $stored = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($cipher, $msglen + 1, 16);
        if (!ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::hashEquals($mac, $stored)) {
            return false;
        }

        #     crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_xor_ic(m, c, mlen, state->nonce, 2U, state->k);
        $out = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($cipher, 1, $msglen),
            $st->getCombinedNonce(),
            $st->getKey(),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(2)
        );

        #     XOR_BUF(STATE_INONCE(state), mac,
        #         crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES);
        $st->xorNonce($mac);

        #     sodium_increment(STATE_COUNTER(state),
        #         crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_COUNTERBYTES);
        $st->incrementCounter();

        #     if ((tag & crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_REKEY) != 0 ||
        #         sodium_is_zero(STATE_COUNTER(state),
        #             crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_COUNTERBYTES)) {
        #         crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey(state);
        #     }

        // Overwrite by reference:
        $state = $st->toString();

        /** @var bool $rekey */
        $rekey = ($tag & ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_TAG_REKEY) !== 0;
        if ($rekey || $st->needsRekey()) {
            // DO REKEY
            self::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey($state);
        }
        return array($out, $tag);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $state
     * @return void
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey(&$state)
    {
        $st = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_SecretStream_State::fromString($state);
        # unsigned char new_key_and_inonce[crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_KEYBYTES +
        # crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES];
        # size_t        i;
        # for (i = 0U; i < crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_KEYBYTES; i++) {
        #     new_key_and_inonce[i] = state->k[i];
        # }
        $new_key_and_inonce = $st->getKey();

        # for (i = 0U; i < crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES; i++) {
        #     new_key_and_inonce[crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_KEYBYTES + i] =
        #         STATE_INONCE(state)[i];
        # }
        $new_key_and_inonce .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substR($st->getNonce(), 0, 8);

        # crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_xor(new_key_and_inonce, new_key_and_inonce,
        #                                 sizeof new_key_and_inonce,
        #                                 state->nonce, state->k);

        $st->rekey(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            $new_key_and_inonce,
            $st->getCombinedNonce(),
            $st->getKey(),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(0)
        ));

        # for (i = 0U; i < crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_KEYBYTES; i++) {
        #     state->k[i] = new_key_and_inonce[i];
        # }
        # for (i = 0U; i < crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES; i++) {
        #     STATE_INONCE(state)[i] =
        #          new_key_and_inonce[crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_KEYBYTES + i];
        # }
        # _crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_counter_reset(state);
        $st->counterReset();

        $state = $st->toString();
    }

    /**
     * Detached Ed25519 signature.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $sk
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function sign_detached($message, $sk)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::sign_detached($message, $sk);
    }

    /**
     * Attached Ed25519 signature. (Returns a signed message.)
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $sk
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function sign($message, $sk)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::sign($message, $sk);
    }

    /**
     * Opens a signed message. If valid, returns the message.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $signedMessage
     * @param string $pk
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function sign_open($signedMessage, $pk)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::sign_open($signedMessage, $pk);
    }

    /**
     * Verify a detached signature of a given message and public key.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $signature
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $pk
     * @return bool
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function sign_verify_detached($signature, $message, $pk)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::verify_detached($signature, $message, $pk);
    }
}
الذكاء الاصطناعي وتعليم ذوي الهمم: جامعة القاهرة تفتح النقاش – tahkoom.com
معرفة

الذكاء الاصطناعي وتعليم ذوي الهمم: جامعة القاهرة تفتح النقاش

‏كتبت شروق عارف                                                                                                                           
في ظل التقدم السريع في تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي وتوسعها في مختلف المجالات مثل التعليم والمحاماة والرعاية الصحية والإعلام نظمت جامعة القاهرة مؤتمر بعنوان أفاق الذي يهدف إلى دمج تقنية الذكاء الاصطناعي في تعليم ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة وفي هذا السياق ظهرت عدة تساؤلات مهمة هل يمكن الاعتماد على الذكاء الاصطناعي في تعليم وتأهيل الأطفال ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة؟ أم أنه مجرد أداة مساعدة بجانب المتخصصين والمعلمين

تصنيف ذوي الاحتياجات مهم للإستخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي

من جانبها أوضحت الدكتورة رشا أحمد أخصائية التخاطب والعلاج النفسي والسلوكي على ضرورة تصنيف فئة ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة عند توظيف تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي وأشارت إلى أن بعض الحالات خاصة من يعانون من إعاقات شديدة مقترنة بتأخر لغوي أو اضطرابات نفسية قد لا يتمكنون من الاستفادة الكاملة من هذه البرامج

الذكاء الاصطناعي لا يغني عن الاخصائي

من جانبه أوضحت منه كرم الأخصائي النفسية على أهمية وجود إشراف نفسي دائم عند استخدام تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي مع الأطفال من ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة وذلك لما يواجهه هؤلاء الأطفال من صعوبات نفسية وسلوكية تستلزم متابعة دقيقة من متخصصين كما أوضحت أن الذكاء الاصطناعي غير مؤهل للتعامل مع الاضطرابات النفسية العميقة التي تحتاج إلى تدخل الأخصائي بشكل مباشر وشددت على أن هذه لتقنيات لا تعتبر بديل عن الرعاية النفسية أو العلاج السلوكي بل ينبغي أن تكون وسيلة مساعدة تدعم عمل الأخصائيين النفسيين دون أن تحل محلها

تدخل الاخصائي أساسي في تأهيل الأطفال ذوي الاحتياجات الخاص                                            
أوضحت الدكتورة إيناس الشيخ الأخصائية النفسية واستشاري أمراض التخاطب أن الذكاء الاصطناعي يمكنه المساعدة في إعداد البرامج ووضع استراتيجيات لتحقيق أهدافها لكنه لا يستطيع تنفيذ هذه الاستراتيجيات بنفسه فالتدخل البشري بظل عنصر أساسيا وخاصة عند التعامل مع الأطفال من ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة وأضافت: الطفل في هذه الحالة يحتاج إلى من يشعر به ويتعاطف معه ويحسن التعامل معه دون الإخلال بمصلحته لذلك لا بد من وجود شخص متخصص يعرف كيف يدير حالة الطفل ويساعده في التأهيل بشكل صحيح
وتابعت حديثها قائلة ترك الطفل لفترات طويلة أمام الشاشات أو الهاتف المحمول له نفس خطورة الاعتماد الكامل على الذكاء الاصطناعي لأن الطفل يكون حينها في وضع المستقبل فقط دون تفاعل حقيقي. بينما التفاعل البشري المباشر يُعزز من فرص التواصل الاجتماعي وتنمية المهارات وفيما يخص حالات القلق المفرط عند الأطفال
كما أوضحت الدكتورة إيناس أن الذكاء الاصطناعي قد يساعد في وضع خطة علاجية وتنفيذ فيديوهات للتعرض التدريجي للمخاوف لكنه لا يمكنه تنفيذ الخطة على أرض الواقع فالتواصل الإنساني يظل ضروري خاصة في مثل هذه الحالات الحساسة
و أشارت إلى أن بعض برامج النطق المدعومة بالذكاء الاصطناعي قد تكون مفيدة في أداء بعض التمارين خاصة للأطفال من ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة لكن من المهم أن ندرك أن كل طفل له احتياجاته وظروفه الخاصة وهذه التفاصيل لا يستطيع لذكاء الاصطناعي التعامل معها بدقة دائما
كما ان الاعتماد الكامل على الذكاء الاصطناعي في تأهيل الأطفال ذوي لاحتياجات الخاصة يحمل العديد من المخاطر لذا يجب أن يكون هناك دور فعال للأخصائي لفهم الحالة وتوجيهها بالشكل المناسب

يبقى الذكاء الاصطناعي أداة مساعدة وفعالة في تحسين تعليم وتأهيل الأطفال ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة ولكن بشرط أن يستخدم كأداة مساعدة وليس كبديل للأخصائيين

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