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/home/tahkoom/public_html/wp-includes/sodium_compat/src/Crypto.php
<?php

if (class_exists('ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto', false)) {
    return;
}

/**
 * Class ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto
 *
 * ATTENTION!
 *
 * If you are using this library, you should be using
 * ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat in your code, not this class.
 */
abstract class ParagonIE_Sodium_Crypto
{
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_NSECBYTES = 0;
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_NPUBBYTES = 8;
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_ABYTES = 16;

    const aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_NSECBYTES = 0;
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES = 12;
    const aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_ABYTES = 16;

    const aead_xchacha20poly1305_IETF_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const aead_xchacha20poly1305_IETF_NSECBYTES = 0;
    const aead_xchacha20poly1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES = 24;
    const aead_xchacha20poly1305_IETF_ABYTES = 16;

    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_SEEDBYTES = 32;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_PUBLICKEYBYTES = 32;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_SECRETKEYBYTES = 32;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_BEFORENMBYTES = 32;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_NONCEBYTES = 24;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_MACBYTES = 16;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_BOXZEROBYTES = 16;
    const box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES = 32;

    const onetimeauth_poly1305_BYTES = 16;
    const onetimeauth_poly1305_KEYBYTES = 32;

    const secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_NONCEBYTES = 24;
    const secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_MACBYTES = 16;
    const secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_BOXZEROBYTES = 16;
    const secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES = 32;

    const secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_KEYBYTES = 32;
    const secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_NONCEBYTES = 24;
    const secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_MACBYTES = 16;
    const secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_BOXZEROBYTES = 16;
    const secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES = 32;

    const stream_salsa20_KEYBYTES = 32;

    /**
     * AEAD Decryption with ChaCha20-Poly1305
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $ad
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function aead_chacha20poly1305_decrypt(
        $message = '',
        $ad = '',
        $nonce = '',
        $key = ''
    ) {
        /** @var int $len - Length of message (ciphertext + MAC) */
        $len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($message);

        /** @var int  $clen - Length of ciphertext */
        $clen = $len - self::aead_chacha20poly1305_ABYTES;

        /** @var int $adlen - Length of associated data */
        $adlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ad);

        /** @var string $mac - Message authentication code */
        $mac = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $message,
            $clen,
            self::aead_chacha20poly1305_ABYTES
        );

        /** @var string $ciphertext - The encrypted message (sans MAC) */
        $ciphertext = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($message, 0, $clen);

        /** @var string The first block of the chacha20 keystream, used as a poly1305 key */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::stream(
            32,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );

        /* Recalculate the Poly1305 authentication tag (MAC): */
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State($block0);
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($block0);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $block0 = null;
        }
        $state->update($ad);
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($adlen));
        $state->update($ciphertext);
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($clen));
        $computed_mac = $state->finish();

        /* Compare the given MAC with the recalculated MAC: */
        if (!ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::verify_16($computed_mac, $mac)) {
            throw new SodiumException('Invalid MAC');
        }

        // Here, we know that the MAC is valid, so we decrypt and return the plaintext
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::streamXorIc(
            $ciphertext,
            $nonce,
            $key,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
        );
    }

    /**
     * AEAD Encryption with ChaCha20-Poly1305
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $ad
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function aead_chacha20poly1305_encrypt(
        $message = '',
        $ad = '',
        $nonce = '',
        $key = ''
    ) {
        /** @var int $len - Length of the plaintext message */
        $len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($message);

        /** @var int $adlen - Length of the associated data */
        $adlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ad);

        /** @var string The first block of the chacha20 keystream, used as a poly1305 key */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::stream(
            32,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State($block0);
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($block0);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $block0 = null;
        }

        /** @var string $ciphertext - Raw encrypted data */
        $ciphertext = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::streamXorIc(
            $message,
            $nonce,
            $key,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
        );

        $state->update($ad);
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($adlen));
        $state->update($ciphertext);
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($len));
        return $ciphertext . $state->finish();
    }

    /**
     * AEAD Decryption with ChaCha20-Poly1305, IETF mode (96-bit nonce)
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $ad
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
        $message = '',
        $ad = '',
        $nonce = '',
        $key = ''
    ) {
        /** @var int $adlen - Length of associated data */
        $adlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ad);

        /** @var int $len - Length of message (ciphertext + MAC) */
        $len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($message);

        /** @var int  $clen - Length of ciphertext */
        $clen = $len - self::aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_ABYTES;

        /** @var string The first block of the chacha20 keystream, used as a poly1305 key */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStream(
            32,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );

        /** @var string $mac - Message authentication code */
        $mac = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $message,
            $len - self::aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_ABYTES,
            self::aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_ABYTES
        );

        /** @var string $ciphertext - The encrypted message (sans MAC) */
        $ciphertext = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $message,
            0,
            $len - self::aead_chacha20poly1305_IETF_ABYTES
        );

        /* Recalculate the Poly1305 authentication tag (MAC): */
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State($block0);
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($block0);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $block0 = null;
        }
        $state->update($ad);
        $state->update(str_repeat("\x00", ((0x10 - $adlen) & 0xf)));
        $state->update($ciphertext);
        $state->update(str_repeat("\x00", (0x10 - $clen) & 0xf));
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($adlen));
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($clen));
        $computed_mac = $state->finish();

        /* Compare the given MAC with the recalculated MAC: */
        if (!ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::verify_16($computed_mac, $mac)) {
            throw new SodiumException('Invalid MAC');
        }

        // Here, we know that the MAC is valid, so we decrypt and return the plaintext
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            $ciphertext,
            $nonce,
            $key,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
        );
    }

    /**
     * AEAD Encryption with ChaCha20-Poly1305, IETF mode (96-bit nonce)
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $ad
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
        $message = '',
        $ad = '',
        $nonce = '',
        $key = ''
    ) {
        /** @var int $len - Length of the plaintext message */
        $len = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($message);

        /** @var int $adlen - Length of the associated data */
        $adlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($ad);

        /** @var string The first block of the chacha20 keystream, used as a poly1305 key */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStream(
            32,
            $nonce,
            $key
        );
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State($block0);
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($block0);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $block0 = null;
        }

        /** @var string $ciphertext - Raw encrypted data */
        $ciphertext = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            $message,
            $nonce,
            $key,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
        );

        $state->update($ad);
        $state->update(str_repeat("\x00", ((0x10 - $adlen) & 0xf)));
        $state->update($ciphertext);
        $state->update(str_repeat("\x00", ((0x10 - $len) & 0xf)));
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($adlen));
        $state->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($len));
        return $ciphertext . $state->finish();
    }

    /**
     * AEAD Decryption with ChaCha20-Poly1305, IETF mode (96-bit nonce)
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $ad
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
        $message = '',
        $ad = '',
        $nonce = '',
        $key = ''
    ) {
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HChaCha20::hChaCha20(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 0, 16),
            $key
        );
        $nonceLast = "\x00\x00\x00\x00" .
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8);

        return self::aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt($message, $ad, $nonceLast, $subkey);
    }

    /**
     * AEAD Encryption with ChaCha20-Poly1305, IETF mode (96-bit nonce)
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $ad
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function aead_xchacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
        $message = '',
        $ad = '',
        $nonce = '',
        $key = ''
    ) {
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HChaCha20::hChaCha20(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 0, 16),
            $key
        );
        $nonceLast = "\x00\x00\x00\x00" .
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8);

        return self::aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt($message, $ad, $nonceLast, $subkey);
    }

    /**
     * HMAC-SHA-512-256 (a.k.a. the leftmost 256 bits of HMAC-SHA-512)
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function auth($message, $key)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            hash_hmac('sha512', $message, $key, true),
            0,
            32
        );
    }

    /**
     * HMAC-SHA-512-256 validation. Constant-time via hash_equals().
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $mac
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $key
     * @return bool
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function auth_verify($mac, $message, $key)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::hashEquals(
            $mac,
            self::auth($message, $key)
        );
    }

    /**
     * X25519 key exchange followed by XSalsa20Poly1305 symmetric encryption
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $plaintext
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $keypair
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box($plaintext, $nonce, $keypair)
    {
        $c = self::secretbox(
            $plaintext,
            $nonce,
            self::box_beforenm(
                self::box_secretkey($keypair),
                self::box_publickey($keypair)
            )
        );
        return $c;
    }

    /**
     * X25519-XSalsa20-Poly1305 with one ephemeral X25519 keypair.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $publicKey
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_seal($message, $publicKey)
    {
        /** @var string $ephemeralKeypair */
        $ephemeralKeypair = self::box_keypair();

        /** @var string $ephemeralSK */
        $ephemeralSK = self::box_secretkey($ephemeralKeypair);

        /** @var string $ephemeralPK */
        $ephemeralPK = self::box_publickey($ephemeralKeypair);

        /** @var string $nonce */
        $nonce = self::generichash(
            $ephemeralPK . $publicKey,
            '',
            24
        );

        /** @var string $keypair - The combined keypair used in crypto_box() */
        $keypair = self::box_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey($ephemeralSK, $publicKey);

        /** @var string $ciphertext Ciphertext + MAC from crypto_box */
        $ciphertext = self::box($message, $nonce, $keypair);
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($ephemeralKeypair);
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($ephemeralSK);
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($nonce);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $ephemeralKeypair = null;
            $ephemeralSK = null;
            $nonce = null;
        }
        return $ephemeralPK . $ciphertext;
    }

    /**
     * Opens a message encrypted via box_seal().
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $keypair
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_seal_open($message, $keypair)
    {
        /** @var string $ephemeralPK */
        $ephemeralPK = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($message, 0, 32);

        /** @var string $ciphertext (ciphertext + MAC) */
        $ciphertext = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($message, 32);

        /** @var string $secretKey */
        $secretKey = self::box_secretkey($keypair);

        /** @var string $publicKey */
        $publicKey = self::box_publickey($keypair);

        /** @var string $nonce */
        $nonce = self::generichash(
            $ephemeralPK . $publicKey,
            '',
            24
        );

        /** @var string $keypair */
        $keypair = self::box_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey($secretKey, $ephemeralPK);

        /** @var string $m */
        $m = self::box_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $keypair);
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($secretKey);
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($ephemeralPK);
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($nonce);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $secretKey = null;
            $ephemeralPK = null;
            $nonce = null;
        }
        return $m;
    }

    /**
     * Used by crypto_box() to get the crypto_secretbox() key.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $sk
     * @param string $pk
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_beforenm($sk, $pk)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HSalsa20::hsalsa20(
            str_repeat("\x00", 16),
            self::scalarmult($sk, $pk)
        );
    }

    /**
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_keypair()
    {
        $sKey = random_bytes(32);
        $pKey = self::scalarmult_base($sKey);
        return $sKey . $pKey;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $seed
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_seed_keypair($seed)
    {
        $sKey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            hash('sha512', $seed, true),
            0,
            32
        );
        $pKey = self::scalarmult_base($sKey);
        return $sKey . $pKey;
    }

    /**
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $sKey
     * @param string $pKey
     * @return string
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_keypair_from_secretkey_and_publickey($sKey, $pKey)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($sKey, 0, 32) .
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($pKey, 0, 32);
    }

    /**
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $keypair
     * @return string
     * @throws RangeException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_secretkey($keypair)
    {
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($keypair) !== 64) {
            throw new RangeException(
                'Must be ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES bytes long.'
            );
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($keypair, 0, 32);
    }

    /**
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $keypair
     * @return string
     * @throws RangeException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_publickey($keypair)
    {
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($keypair) !== ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES) {
            throw new RangeException(
                'Must be ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_BOX_KEYPAIRBYTES bytes long.'
            );
        }
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($keypair, 32, 32);
    }

    /**
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $sKey
     * @return string
     * @throws RangeException
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_publickey_from_secretkey($sKey)
    {
        if (ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($sKey) !== ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES) {
            throw new RangeException(
                'Must be ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_BOX_SECRETKEYBYTES bytes long.'
            );
        }
        return self::scalarmult_base($sKey);
    }

    /**
     * Decrypt a message encrypted with box().
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $keypair
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function box_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $keypair)
    {
        return self::secretbox_open(
            $ciphertext,
            $nonce,
            self::box_beforenm(
                self::box_secretkey($keypair),
                self::box_publickey($keypair)
            )
        );
    }

    /**
     * Calculate a BLAKE2b hash.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string|null $key
     * @param int $outlen
     * @return string
     * @throws RangeException
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function generichash($message, $key = '', $outlen = 32)
    {
        // This ensures that ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::$iv is initialized
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::pseudoConstructor();

        $k = null;
        if (!empty($key)) {
            /** @var SplFixedArray $k */
            $k = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($key);
            if ($k->count() > ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::KEYBYTES) {
                throw new RangeException('Invalid key size');
            }
        }

        /** @var SplFixedArray $in */
        $in = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($message);

        /** @var SplFixedArray $ctx */
        $ctx = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::init($k, $outlen);
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::update($ctx, $in, $in->count());

        /** @var SplFixedArray $out */
        $out = new SplFixedArray($outlen);
        $out = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::finish($ctx, $out);

        /** @var array<int, int> */
        $outArray = $out->toArray();
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::intArrayToString($outArray);
    }

    /**
     * Finalize a BLAKE2b hashing context, returning the hash.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $ctx
     * @param int $outlen
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function generichash_final($ctx, $outlen = 32)
    {
        if (!is_string($ctx)) {
            throw new TypeError('Context must be a string');
        }
        $out = new SplFixedArray($outlen);

        /** @var SplFixedArray $context */
        $context = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToContext($ctx);

        /** @var SplFixedArray $out */
        $out = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::finish($context, $out);

        /** @var array<int, int> */
        $outArray = $out->toArray();
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::intArrayToString($outArray);
    }

    /**
     * Initialize a hashing context for BLAKE2b.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $key
     * @param int $outputLength
     * @return string
     * @throws RangeException
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function generichash_init($key = '', $outputLength = 32)
    {
        // This ensures that ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::$iv is initialized
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::pseudoConstructor();

        $k = null;
        if (!empty($key)) {
            $k = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($key);
            if ($k->count() > ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::KEYBYTES) {
                throw new RangeException('Invalid key size');
            }
        }

        /** @var SplFixedArray $ctx */
        $ctx = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::init($k, $outputLength);

        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::contextToString($ctx);
    }

    /**
     * Initialize a hashing context for BLAKE2b.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $key
     * @param int $outputLength
     * @param string $salt
     * @param string $personal
     * @return string
     * @throws RangeException
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function generichash_init_salt_personal(
        $key = '',
        $outputLength = 32,
        $salt = '',
        $personal = ''
    ) {
        // This ensures that ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::$iv is initialized
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::pseudoConstructor();

        $k = null;
        if (!empty($key)) {
            $k = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($key);
            if ($k->count() > ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::KEYBYTES) {
                throw new RangeException('Invalid key size');
            }
        }
        if (!empty($salt)) {
            $s = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($salt);
        } else {
            $s = null;
        }
        if (!empty($salt)) {
            $p = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($personal);
        } else {
            $p = null;
        }

        /** @var SplFixedArray $ctx */
        $ctx = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::init($k, $outputLength, $s, $p);

        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::contextToString($ctx);
    }

    /**
     * Update a hashing context for BLAKE2b with $message
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $ctx
     * @param string $message
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function generichash_update($ctx, $message)
    {
        // This ensures that ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::$iv is initialized
        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::pseudoConstructor();

        /** @var SplFixedArray $context */
        $context = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToContext($ctx);

        /** @var SplFixedArray $in */
        $in = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::stringToSplFixedArray($message);

        ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::update($context, $in, $in->count());

        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_BLAKE2b::contextToString($context);
    }

    /**
     * Libsodium's crypto_kx().
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $my_sk
     * @param string $their_pk
     * @param string $client_pk
     * @param string $server_pk
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function keyExchange($my_sk, $their_pk, $client_pk, $server_pk)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::crypto_generichash(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::crypto_scalarmult($my_sk, $their_pk) .
            $client_pk .
            $server_pk
        );
    }

    /**
     * ECDH over Curve25519
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $sKey
     * @param string $pKey
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function scalarmult($sKey, $pKey)
    {
        $q = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_X25519::crypto_scalarmult_curve25519_ref10($sKey, $pKey);
        self::scalarmult_throw_if_zero($q);
        return $q;
    }

    /**
     * ECDH over Curve25519, using the basepoint.
     * Used to get a secret key from a public key.
     *
     * @param string $secret
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function scalarmult_base($secret)
    {
        $q = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_X25519::crypto_scalarmult_curve25519_ref10_base($secret);
        self::scalarmult_throw_if_zero($q);
        return $q;
    }

    /**
     * This throws an Error if a zero public key was passed to the function.
     *
     * @param string $q
     * @return void
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    protected static function scalarmult_throw_if_zero($q)
    {
        $d = 0;
        for ($i = 0; $i < self::box_curve25519xsalsa20poly1305_SECRETKEYBYTES; ++$i) {
            $d |= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::chrToInt($q[$i]);
        }

        /* branch-free variant of === 0 */
        if (-(1 & (($d - 1) >> 8))) {
            throw new SodiumException('Zero public key is not allowed');
        }
    }

    /**
     * XSalsa20-Poly1305 authenticated symmetric-key encryption.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $plaintext
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function secretbox($plaintext, $nonce, $key)
    {
        /** @var string $subkey */
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HSalsa20::hsalsa20($nonce, $key);

        /** @var string $block0 */
        $block0 = str_repeat("\x00", 32);

        /** @var int $mlen - Length of the plaintext message */
        $mlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($plaintext);
        $mlen0 = $mlen;
        if ($mlen0 > 64 - self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES) {
            $mlen0 = 64 - self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES;
        }
        $block0 .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($plaintext, 0, $mlen0);

        /** @var string $block0 */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Salsa20::salsa20_xor(
            $block0,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8),
            $subkey
        );

        /** @var string $c */
        $c = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $block0,
            self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES
        );
        if ($mlen > $mlen0) {
            $c .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Salsa20::salsa20_xor_ic(
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                    $plaintext,
                    self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES
                ),
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8),
                1,
                $subkey
            );
        }
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                $block0,
                0,
                self::onetimeauth_poly1305_KEYBYTES
            )
        );
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($block0);
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($subkey);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $block0 = null;
            $subkey = null;
        }

        $state->update($c);

        /** @var string $c - MAC || ciphertext */
        $c = $state->finish() . $c;
        unset($state);

        return $c;
    }

    /**
     * Decrypt a ciphertext generated via secretbox().
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function secretbox_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $key)
    {
        /** @var string $mac */
        $mac = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $ciphertext,
            0,
            self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_MACBYTES
        );

        /** @var string $c */
        $c = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $ciphertext,
            self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_MACBYTES
        );

        /** @var int $clen */
        $clen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($c);

        /** @var string $subkey */
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HSalsa20::hsalsa20($nonce, $key);

        /** @var string $block0 */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Salsa20::salsa20(
            64,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8),
            $subkey
        );
        $verified = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305::onetimeauth_verify(
            $mac,
            $c,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($block0, 0, 32)
        );
        if (!$verified) {
            try {
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($subkey);
            } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
                $subkey = null;
            }
            throw new SodiumException('Invalid MAC');
        }

        /** @var string $m - Decrypted message */
        $m = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::xorStrings(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($block0, self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($c, 0, self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES)
        );
        if ($clen > self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES) {
            // We had more than 1 block, so let's continue to decrypt the rest.
            $m .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Salsa20::salsa20_xor_ic(
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                    $c,
                    self::secretbox_xsalsa20poly1305_ZEROBYTES
                ),
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8),
                1,
                (string) $subkey
            );
        }
        return $m;
    }

    /**
     * XChaCha20-Poly1305 authenticated symmetric-key encryption.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $plaintext
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function secretbox_xchacha20poly1305($plaintext, $nonce, $key)
    {
        /** @var string $subkey */
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HChaCha20::hChaCha20(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 0, 16),
            $key
        );
        $nonceLast = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8);

        /** @var string $block0 */
        $block0 = str_repeat("\x00", 32);

        /** @var int $mlen - Length of the plaintext message */
        $mlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($plaintext);
        $mlen0 = $mlen;
        if ($mlen0 > 64 - self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES) {
            $mlen0 = 64 - self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES;
        }
        $block0 .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($plaintext, 0, $mlen0);

        /** @var string $block0 */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::streamXorIc(
            $block0,
            $nonceLast,
            $subkey
        );

        /** @var string $c */
        $c = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $block0,
            self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES
        );
        if ($mlen > $mlen0) {
            $c .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::streamXorIc(
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                    $plaintext,
                    self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES
                ),
                $nonceLast,
                $subkey,
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
            );
        }
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                $block0,
                0,
                self::onetimeauth_poly1305_KEYBYTES
            )
        );
        try {
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($block0);
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($subkey);
        } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
            $block0 = null;
            $subkey = null;
        }

        $state->update($c);

        /** @var string $c - MAC || ciphertext */
        $c = $state->finish() . $c;
        unset($state);

        return $c;
    }

    /**
     * Decrypt a ciphertext generated via secretbox_xchacha20poly1305().
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $ciphertext
     * @param string $nonce
     * @param string $key
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_open($ciphertext, $nonce, $key)
    {
        /** @var string $mac */
        $mac = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $ciphertext,
            0,
            self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_MACBYTES
        );

        /** @var string $c */
        $c = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
            $ciphertext,
            self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_MACBYTES
        );

        /** @var int $clen */
        $clen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($c);

        /** @var string $subkey */
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HChaCha20::hchacha20($nonce, $key);

        /** @var string $block0 */
        $block0 = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::stream(
            64,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8),
            $subkey
        );
        $verified = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305::onetimeauth_verify(
            $mac,
            $c,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($block0, 0, 32)
        );

        if (!$verified) {
            try {
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::memzero($subkey);
            } catch (SodiumException $ex) {
                $subkey = null;
            }
            throw new SodiumException('Invalid MAC');
        }

        /** @var string $m - Decrypted message */
        $m = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::xorStrings(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($block0, self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($c, 0, self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES)
        );

        if ($clen > self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES) {
            // We had more than 1 block, so let's continue to decrypt the rest.
            $m .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::streamXorIc(
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr(
                    $c,
                    self::secretbox_xchacha20poly1305_ZEROBYTES
                ),
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($nonce, 16, 8),
                (string) $subkey,
                ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
            );
        }
        return $m;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $key
     * @return array<int, string> Returns a state and a header.
     * @throws Exception
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_push($key)
    {
        # randombytes_buf(out, crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_HEADERBYTES);
        $out = random_bytes(24);

        # crypto_core_hchacha20(state->k, out, k, NULL);
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HChaCha20::hChaCha20($out, $key);
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_SecretStream_State(
            $subkey,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($out, 16, 8) . str_repeat("\0", 4)
        );

        # _crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_counter_reset(state);
        $state->counterReset();

        # memcpy(STATE_INONCE(state), out + crypto_core_hchacha20_INPUTBYTES,
        #        crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES);
        # memset(state->_pad, 0, sizeof state->_pad);
        return array(
            $state->toString(),
            $out
        );
    }

    /**
     * @param string $key
     * @param string $header
     * @return string Returns a state.
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static function secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_init_pull($key, $header)
    {
        # crypto_core_hchacha20(state->k, in, k, NULL);
        $subkey = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_HChaCha20::hChaCha20(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($header, 0, 16),
            $key
        );
        $state = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_SecretStream_State(
            $subkey,
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($header, 16)
        );
        $state->counterReset();
        # memcpy(STATE_INONCE(state), in + crypto_core_hchacha20_INPUTBYTES,
        #     crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES);
        # memset(state->_pad, 0, sizeof state->_pad);
        # return 0;
        return $state->toString();
    }

    /**
     * @param string $state
     * @param string $msg
     * @param string $aad
     * @param int $tag
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_push(&$state, $msg, $aad = '', $tag = 0)
    {
        $st = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_SecretStream_State::fromString($state);
        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_state poly1305_state;
        # unsigned char                     block[64U];
        # unsigned char                     slen[8U];
        # unsigned char                    *c;
        # unsigned char                    *mac;

        $msglen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($msg);
        $aadlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($aad);

        if ((($msglen + 63) >> 6) > 0xfffffffe) {
            throw new SodiumException(
                'message cannot be larger than SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX bytes'
            );
        }

        # if (outlen_p != NULL) {
        #     *outlen_p = 0U;
        # }
        # if (mlen > crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX) {
        #     sodium_misuse();
        # }

        # crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf(block, sizeof block, state->nonce, state->k);
        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_init(&poly1305_state, block);
        # sodium_memzero(block, sizeof block);
        $auth = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStream(32, $st->getCombinedNonce(), $st->getKey())
        );

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, ad, adlen);
        $auth->update($aad);

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, _pad0,
        #     (0x10 - adlen) & 0xf);
        $auth->update(str_repeat("\0", ((0x10 - $aadlen) & 0xf)));

        # memset(block, 0, sizeof block);
        # block[0] = tag;
        # crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_xor_ic(block, block, sizeof block,
        #                                    state->nonce, 1U, state->k);
        $block = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::intToChr($tag) . str_repeat("\0", 63),
            $st->getCombinedNonce(),
            $st->getKey(),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
        );

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, block, sizeof block);
        $auth->update($block);

        # out[0] = block[0];
        $out = $block[0];
        # c = out + (sizeof tag);
        # crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_xor_ic(c, m, mlen, state->nonce, 2U, state->k);
        $cipher = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            $msg,
            $st->getCombinedNonce(),
            $st->getKey(),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(2)
        );

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, c, mlen);
        $auth->update($cipher);

        $out .= $cipher;
        unset($cipher);

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update
        # (&poly1305_state, _pad0, (0x10 - (sizeof block) + mlen) & 0xf);
        $auth->update(str_repeat("\0", ((0x10 - 64 + $msglen) & 0xf)));

        # STORE64_LE(slen, (uint64_t) adlen);
        $slen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($aadlen);

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, slen, sizeof slen);
        $auth->update($slen);

        # STORE64_LE(slen, (sizeof block) + mlen);
        $slen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(64 + $msglen);

        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, slen, sizeof slen);
        $auth->update($slen);

        # mac = c + mlen;
        # crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_final(&poly1305_state, mac);
        $mac = $auth->finish();
        $out .= $mac;

        # sodium_memzero(&poly1305_state, sizeof poly1305_state);
        unset($auth);


        # XOR_BUF(STATE_INONCE(state), mac,
        #     crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES);
        $st->xorNonce($mac);

        # sodium_increment(STATE_COUNTER(state),
        #     crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_COUNTERBYTES);
        $st->incrementCounter();
        // Overwrite by reference:
        $state = $st->toString();

        /** @var bool $rekey */
        $rekey = ($tag & ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_TAG_REKEY) !== 0;
        # if ((tag & crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_REKEY) != 0 ||
        #     sodium_is_zero(STATE_COUNTER(state),
        #         crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_COUNTERBYTES)) {
        #     crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey(state);
        # }
        if ($rekey || $st->needsRekey()) {
            // DO REKEY
            self::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey($state);
        }
        # if (outlen_p != NULL) {
        #     *outlen_p = crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_ABYTES + mlen;
        # }
        return $out;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $state
     * @param string $cipher
     * @param string $aad
     * @return bool|array{0: string, 1: int}
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_pull(&$state, $cipher, $aad = '')
    {
        $st = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_SecretStream_State::fromString($state);

        $cipherlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($cipher);
        #     mlen = inlen - crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_ABYTES;
        $msglen = $cipherlen - ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_ABYTES;
        $aadlen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::strlen($aad);

        #     if (mlen > crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX) {
        #         sodium_misuse();
        #     }
        if ((($msglen + 63) >> 6) > 0xfffffffe) {
            throw new SodiumException(
                'message cannot be larger than SODIUM_CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_MESSAGEBYTES_MAX bytes'
            );
        }

        #     crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf(block, sizeof block, state->nonce, state->k);
        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_init(&poly1305_state, block);
        #     sodium_memzero(block, sizeof block);
        $auth = new ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Poly1305_State(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStream(32, $st->getCombinedNonce(), $st->getKey())
        );

        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, ad, adlen);
        $auth->update($aad);

        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, _pad0,
        #         (0x10 - adlen) & 0xf);
        $auth->update(str_repeat("\0", ((0x10 - $aadlen) & 0xf)));


        #     memset(block, 0, sizeof block);
        #     block[0] = in[0];
        #     crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_xor_ic(block, block, sizeof block,
        #                                        state->nonce, 1U, state->k);
        $block = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            $cipher[0] . str_repeat("\0", 63),
            $st->getCombinedNonce(),
            $st->getKey(),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(1)
        );
        #     tag = block[0];
        #     block[0] = in[0];
        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, block, sizeof block);
        $tag = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::chrToInt($block[0]);
        $block[0] = $cipher[0];
        $auth->update($block);


        #     c = in + (sizeof tag);
        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, c, mlen);
        $auth->update(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($cipher, 1, $msglen));

        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update
        #     (&poly1305_state, _pad0, (0x10 - (sizeof block) + mlen) & 0xf);
        $auth->update(str_repeat("\0", ((0x10 - 64 + $msglen) & 0xf)));

        #     STORE64_LE(slen, (uint64_t) adlen);
        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, slen, sizeof slen);
        $slen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le($aadlen);
        $auth->update($slen);

        #     STORE64_LE(slen, (sizeof block) + mlen);
        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_update(&poly1305_state, slen, sizeof slen);
        $slen = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(64 + $msglen);
        $auth->update($slen);

        #     crypto_onetimeauth_poly1305_final(&poly1305_state, mac);
        #     sodium_memzero(&poly1305_state, sizeof poly1305_state);
        $mac = $auth->finish();

        #     stored_mac = c + mlen;
        #     if (sodium_memcmp(mac, stored_mac, sizeof mac) != 0) {
        #     sodium_memzero(mac, sizeof mac);
        #         return -1;
        #     }

        $stored = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($cipher, $msglen + 1, 16);
        if (!ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::hashEquals($mac, $stored)) {
            return false;
        }

        #     crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_xor_ic(m, c, mlen, state->nonce, 2U, state->k);
        $out = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substr($cipher, 1, $msglen),
            $st->getCombinedNonce(),
            $st->getKey(),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(2)
        );

        #     XOR_BUF(STATE_INONCE(state), mac,
        #         crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES);
        $st->xorNonce($mac);

        #     sodium_increment(STATE_COUNTER(state),
        #         crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_COUNTERBYTES);
        $st->incrementCounter();

        #     if ((tag & crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_TAG_REKEY) != 0 ||
        #         sodium_is_zero(STATE_COUNTER(state),
        #             crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_COUNTERBYTES)) {
        #         crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey(state);
        #     }

        // Overwrite by reference:
        $state = $st->toString();

        /** @var bool $rekey */
        $rekey = ($tag & ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat::CRYPTO_SECRETSTREAM_XCHACHA20POLY1305_TAG_REKEY) !== 0;
        if ($rekey || $st->needsRekey()) {
            // DO REKEY
            self::secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey($state);
        }
        return array($out, $tag);
    }

    /**
     * @param string $state
     * @return void
     * @throws SodiumException
     */
    public static function secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_rekey(&$state)
    {
        $st = ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_SecretStream_State::fromString($state);
        # unsigned char new_key_and_inonce[crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_KEYBYTES +
        # crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES];
        # size_t        i;
        # for (i = 0U; i < crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_KEYBYTES; i++) {
        #     new_key_and_inonce[i] = state->k[i];
        # }
        $new_key_and_inonce = $st->getKey();

        # for (i = 0U; i < crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES; i++) {
        #     new_key_and_inonce[crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_KEYBYTES + i] =
        #         STATE_INONCE(state)[i];
        # }
        $new_key_and_inonce .= ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::substR($st->getNonce(), 0, 8);

        # crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_xor(new_key_and_inonce, new_key_and_inonce,
        #                                 sizeof new_key_and_inonce,
        #                                 state->nonce, state->k);

        $st->rekey(ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_ChaCha20::ietfStreamXorIc(
            $new_key_and_inonce,
            $st->getCombinedNonce(),
            $st->getKey(),
            ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Util::store64_le(0)
        ));

        # for (i = 0U; i < crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_KEYBYTES; i++) {
        #     state->k[i] = new_key_and_inonce[i];
        # }
        # for (i = 0U; i < crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_INONCEBYTES; i++) {
        #     STATE_INONCE(state)[i] =
        #          new_key_and_inonce[crypto_stream_chacha20_ietf_KEYBYTES + i];
        # }
        # _crypto_secretstream_xchacha20poly1305_counter_reset(state);
        $st->counterReset();

        $state = $st->toString();
    }

    /**
     * Detached Ed25519 signature.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $sk
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function sign_detached($message, $sk)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::sign_detached($message, $sk);
    }

    /**
     * Attached Ed25519 signature. (Returns a signed message.)
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $sk
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function sign($message, $sk)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::sign($message, $sk);
    }

    /**
     * Opens a signed message. If valid, returns the message.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $signedMessage
     * @param string $pk
     * @return string
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function sign_open($signedMessage, $pk)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::sign_open($signedMessage, $pk);
    }

    /**
     * Verify a detached signature of a given message and public key.
     *
     * @internal Do not use this directly. Use ParagonIE_Sodium_Compat.
     *
     * @param string $signature
     * @param string $message
     * @param string $pk
     * @return bool
     * @throws SodiumException
     * @throws TypeError
     */
    public static function sign_verify_detached($signature, $message, $pk)
    {
        return ParagonIE_Sodium_Core_Ed25519::verify_detached($signature, $message, $pk);
    }
}
من يقود مستقبل الذكاء الاصطناعي ChatGPT أم Deep Seek – tahkoom.com
خطوة

من يقود مستقبل الذكاء الاصطناعي ChatGPT أم Deep Seek

‏كتبت شروق عارف
مع التطور الهائل في تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي أصبح هذا المجال ساحة تنافس شرسة خاصة بين الولايات المتحدة والصين لم تعد الدول تنظر إلى الذكاء الاصطناعي كأداة مساعدة فقط بل كقوة ‏عظيمة تحدد ملامح المستقبل وتمنح الأفضلية لمن يتفوق فيه على الساحة العالمية فما هي أبرز التطورات الأخيرة في مجال الذكاء الاصطناعي بين الولايات المتحدة والصين؟
في البداية، تصدرت الولايات المتحدة المشهد عبر نظام ChatGPT الذي طورته شركة OpenAI والذي أحدث ثورة في عالم الذكاء الاصطناعي التفاعلي. لكن الصين لم تلبث أن ردت بقوة من خلال نظام DeepSeek V3، الذي سرعان ما تصدر قائمة التنزيلات في الولايات المتحدة، متفوق على ChatGPT في بعض الجوانب مما أعاد إشعال المنافسة مجددا

Deep Seek منافس قوي لكنه ما زال تحت التجربة                                                                             
يرى الدكتور إبراهيم عبد الله أستاذ تكنولوجيا المعلومات في المعاهد العليا للدراسات النوعية إن منصة DeepSeek تقدم خدمات قوية ومجانية قد تدفع البعض لتفضيلها على ChatGPT لكنها لا تزال تحت التجربة، ولا يمكن الاعتماد عليها كليًا في الوقت الحالي وأضاف أن دعم البرمجيات مفتوحة المصدر يمثل فرصة مهمة للتطوير والابتكار لكن استخدامها يجب أن يتم بحذر وذلك لتجنب أي تهديدات أمنية محتمل
‏أبرز الاختلافات بين ChatGPT وDeep Seek
‏ بحسب ما ورد في موقع click up وما ذكره ماركو ممدوح يعتبر Deep Seek نموذج ذكي من تطوير شركة صينية الذي أسسها رجل الأعمال لينج وينفينج ويعتمد على أكثر من 37 مليار معلومة وذلك يمنحه دقة عالية في الإجابة يتميز بأنه مجاني بالكامل ويدعم أكثر من 95 لغة من بينها العربية حيث يظهر اداء قوي قد يتفوق علي ChatGPT في بعض الأحيان
أما ChatGPT فهو من تطوير شركة OpenAI الأمريكية وانطلق في نوفمبر 2022 بدعم من شركة مايكروسوفت يشتهر بقدرته على التفاعل بلغة طبيعي وتميزه في الكتابة الإبداعية وصناعة الصور وتحويل النصوص إلى صوت. ومع ذلك فإن نسخته الأقوى GPT-4 تتطلب اشتراك مدفوع
أيهما يتفوق
رغم أن ChatGPT يتميز بالتفاعل الواسع والإبداع في اللغة إلا أن Deep Seek يتفوق عليه في تحليل البيانات، التفكير المنطقي والرياضيات بالإضافة إلى دعمه القوي للبرمجيات مفتوحة المصدر كما يمنح المستخدمين تحكم كامل في بياناتهم في مقابل بيئة مغلقة نسبيا في ChatGPT
لكن Deep Seek لم يسلم من الانتقادات خاصة بعد كشف تقارير عن ثغرات أمنية خطيرة، منها تعطيل أنظمة تشفير على أجهزة iPhone واستخدام تقنيات قديمة قالت هيئة حماية البيانات الإيطالية أنها حظرت نموذج DeepSeek من استخدامه كما حذّرت دول مثل تايوان من استخدامه خوفًا من تسريب بيانات حساسة في المقابل يواجه ChatGPT تحديات تتعلق بالدقة والتحيز السياسي أحيانا وعدم تقديمه دائما معلومات مكتملة أو صحيحة بالإضافة إلى إمكانية تجاوزه لقيود الأمان وذلك من خلال إعادة صياغة الأسئلة

Deep Seek ينافس بقوة و لكن ChatGPTيتفوق في الأداء
من جانبه يرى عمر عاطف خبير التكنولوجيا أن الذكاء الاصطناعي أصبح منافس حقيقي في عدة مجالات سواء في كتابة المحتوى أو تحليل البيانات أو حتى التعليم، ومع ظهور أدوات مثل DeepSeek أصبح المستخدم أمام خيارات متعددة تتيح له تجربة تقنيات متقدمة بشكل مجاني وأشار إلى أن رغم قوة هذه الأدوات فإن ChatGPT لا يزال متفوق من حيث الأداء ودقة النتائج خاصة في النسخ المدفوعة التي توفر ميزات أوسع لكن المنافسة تدفع الجميع للتطوير باستمرار

ولكن يبقى الرهان الحقيقي بين عمالقة الذكاء الاصطناعي على من يستطيع تلبية احتياجات المستخدمين بذكاء وأمان وأفضل الإمكانيات في ان واحد

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