<?php
/**
* WordPress Rewrite API
*
* @package WordPress
* @subpackage Rewrite
*/
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches nothing.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_NONE', 0 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches post permalinks.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_PERMALINK', 1 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches attachment permalinks.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_ATTACHMENT', 2 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches any date archives.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_DATE', 4 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches yearly archives.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_YEAR', 8 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches monthly archives.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_MONTH', 16 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches daily archives.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_DAY', 32 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches the site root.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_ROOT', 64 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches comment feeds.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_COMMENTS', 128 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches searches.
*
* Note that this only matches a search at a "pretty" URL such as
* `/search/my-search-term`, not `?s=my-search-term`.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_SEARCH', 256 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches category archives.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_CATEGORIES', 512 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches tag archives.
*
* @since 2.3.0
*/
define( 'EP_TAGS', 1024 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches author archives.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_AUTHORS', 2048 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches pages.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_PAGES', 4096 );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches all archive views.
*
* @since 3.7.0
*/
define( 'EP_ALL_ARCHIVES', EP_DATE | EP_YEAR | EP_MONTH | EP_DAY | EP_CATEGORIES | EP_TAGS | EP_AUTHORS );
/**
* Endpoint mask that matches everything.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*/
define( 'EP_ALL', EP_PERMALINK | EP_ATTACHMENT | EP_ROOT | EP_COMMENTS | EP_SEARCH | EP_PAGES | EP_ALL_ARCHIVES );
/**
* Adds a rewrite rule that transforms a URL structure to a set of query vars.
*
* Any value in the $after parameter that isn't 'bottom' will result in the rule
* being placed at the top of the rewrite rules.
*
* @since 2.1.0
* @since 4.4.0 Array support was added to the `$query` parameter.
*
* @global WP_Rewrite $wp_rewrite WordPress rewrite component.
*
* @param string $regex Regular expression to match request against.
* @param string|array $query The corresponding query vars for this rewrite rule.
* @param string $after Optional. Priority of the new rule. Accepts 'top'
* or 'bottom'. Default 'bottom'.
*/
function add_rewrite_rule( $regex, $query, $after = 'bottom' ) {
global $wp_rewrite;
$wp_rewrite->add_rule( $regex, $query, $after );
}
/**
* Adds a new rewrite tag (like %postname%).
*
* The `$query` parameter is optional. If it is omitted you must ensure that you call
* this on, or before, the {@see 'init'} hook. This is because `$query` defaults to
* `$tag=`, and for this to work a new query var has to be added.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*
* @global WP_Rewrite $wp_rewrite WordPress rewrite component.
* @global WP $wp Current WordPress environment instance.
*
* @param string $tag Name of the new rewrite tag.
* @param string $regex Regular expression to substitute the tag for in rewrite rules.
* @param string $query Optional. String to append to the rewritten query. Must end in '='. Default empty.
*/
function add_rewrite_tag( $tag, $regex, $query = '' ) {
// Validate the tag's name.
if ( strlen( $tag ) < 3 || '%' !== $tag[0] || '%' !== $tag[ strlen( $tag ) - 1 ] ) {
return;
}
global $wp_rewrite, $wp;
if ( empty( $query ) ) {
$qv = trim( $tag, '%' );
$wp->add_query_var( $qv );
$query = $qv . '=';
}
$wp_rewrite->add_rewrite_tag( $tag, $regex, $query );
}
/**
* Removes an existing rewrite tag (like %postname%).
*
* @since 4.5.0
*
* @global WP_Rewrite $wp_rewrite WordPress rewrite component.
*
* @param string $tag Name of the rewrite tag.
*/
function remove_rewrite_tag( $tag ) {
global $wp_rewrite;
$wp_rewrite->remove_rewrite_tag( $tag );
}
/**
* Adds a permalink structure.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @see WP_Rewrite::add_permastruct()
* @global WP_Rewrite $wp_rewrite WordPress rewrite component.
*
* @param string $name Name for permalink structure.
* @param string $struct Permalink structure.
* @param array $args Optional. Arguments for building the rules from the permalink structure,
* see WP_Rewrite::add_permastruct() for full details. Default empty array.
*/
function add_permastruct( $name, $struct, $args = array() ) {
global $wp_rewrite;
// Back-compat for the old parameters: $with_front and $ep_mask.
if ( ! is_array( $args ) ) {
$args = array( 'with_front' => $args );
}
if ( func_num_args() === 4 ) {
$args['ep_mask'] = func_get_arg( 3 );
}
$wp_rewrite->add_permastruct( $name, $struct, $args );
}
/**
* Removes a permalink structure.
*
* Can only be used to remove permastructs that were added using add_permastruct().
* Built-in permastructs cannot be removed.
*
* @since 4.5.0
*
* @see WP_Rewrite::remove_permastruct()
* @global WP_Rewrite $wp_rewrite WordPress rewrite component.
*
* @param string $name Name for permalink structure.
*/
function remove_permastruct( $name ) {
global $wp_rewrite;
$wp_rewrite->remove_permastruct( $name );
}
/**
* Adds a new feed type like /atom1/.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*
* @global WP_Rewrite $wp_rewrite WordPress rewrite component.
*
* @param string $feedname Feed name. Should not start with '_'.
* @param callable $callback Callback to run on feed display.
* @return string Feed action name.
*/
function add_feed( $feedname, $callback ) {
global $wp_rewrite;
if ( ! in_array( $feedname, $wp_rewrite->feeds, true ) ) {
$wp_rewrite->feeds[] = $feedname;
}
$hook = 'do_feed_' . $feedname;
// Remove default function hook.
remove_action( $hook, $hook );
add_action( $hook, $callback, 10, 2 );
return $hook;
}
/**
* Removes rewrite rules and then recreate rewrite rules.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @global WP_Rewrite $wp_rewrite WordPress rewrite component.
*
* @param bool $hard Whether to update .htaccess (hard flush) or just update
* rewrite_rules option (soft flush). Default is true (hard).
*/
function flush_rewrite_rules( $hard = true ) {
global $wp_rewrite;
if ( is_callable( array( $wp_rewrite, 'flush_rules' ) ) ) {
$wp_rewrite->flush_rules( $hard );
}
}
/**
* Adds an endpoint, like /trackback/.
*
* Adding an endpoint creates extra rewrite rules for each of the matching
* places specified by the provided bitmask. For example:
*
* add_rewrite_endpoint( 'json', EP_PERMALINK | EP_PAGES );
*
* will add a new rewrite rule ending with "json(/(.*))?/?$" for every permastruct
* that describes a permalink (post) or page. This is rewritten to "json=$match"
* where $match is the part of the URL matched by the endpoint regex (e.g. "foo" in
* "[permalink]/json/foo/").
*
* A new query var with the same name as the endpoint will also be created.
*
* When specifying $places ensure that you are using the EP_* constants (or a
* combination of them using the bitwise OR operator) as their values are not
* guaranteed to remain static (especially `EP_ALL`).
*
* Be sure to flush the rewrite rules - see flush_rewrite_rules() - when your plugin gets
* activated and deactivated.
*
* @since 2.1.0
* @since 4.3.0 Added support for skipping query var registration by passing `false` to `$query_var`.
*
* @global WP_Rewrite $wp_rewrite WordPress rewrite component.
*
* @param string $name Name of the endpoint.
* @param int $places Endpoint mask describing the places the endpoint should be added.
* Accepts a mask of:
* - `EP_ALL`
* - `EP_NONE`
* - `EP_ALL_ARCHIVES`
* - `EP_ATTACHMENT`
* - `EP_AUTHORS`
* - `EP_CATEGORIES`
* - `EP_COMMENTS`
* - `EP_DATE`
* - `EP_DAY`
* - `EP_MONTH`
* - `EP_PAGES`
* - `EP_PERMALINK`
* - `EP_ROOT`
* - `EP_SEARCH`
* - `EP_TAGS`
* - `EP_YEAR`
* @param string|bool $query_var Name of the corresponding query variable. Pass `false` to skip registering a query_var
* for this endpoint. Defaults to the value of `$name`.
*/
function add_rewrite_endpoint( $name, $places, $query_var = true ) {
global $wp_rewrite;
$wp_rewrite->add_endpoint( $name, $places, $query_var );
}
/**
* Filters the URL base for taxonomies.
*
* To remove any manually prepended /index.php/.
*
* @access private
* @since 2.6.0
*
* @param string $base The taxonomy base that we're going to filter
* @return string
*/
function _wp_filter_taxonomy_base( $base ) {
if ( ! empty( $base ) ) {
$base = preg_replace( '|^/index\.php/|', '', $base );
$base = trim( $base, '/' );
}
return $base;
}
/**
* Resolves numeric slugs that collide with date permalinks.
*
* Permalinks of posts with numeric slugs can sometimes look to WP_Query::parse_query()
* like a date archive, as when your permalink structure is `/%year%/%postname%/` and
* a post with post_name '05' has the URL `/2015/05/`.
*
* This function detects conflicts of this type and resolves them in favor of the
* post permalink.
*
* Note that, since 4.3.0, wp_unique_post_slug() prevents the creation of post slugs
* that would result in a date archive conflict. The resolution performed in this
* function is primarily for legacy content, as well as cases when the admin has changed
* the site's permalink structure in a way that introduces URL conflicts.
*
* @since 4.3.0
*
* @param array $query_vars Optional. Query variables for setting up the loop, as determined in
* WP::parse_request(). Default empty array.
* @return array Returns the original array of query vars, with date/post conflicts resolved.
*/
function wp_resolve_numeric_slug_conflicts( $query_vars = array() ) {
if ( ! isset( $query_vars['year'] ) && ! isset( $query_vars['monthnum'] ) && ! isset( $query_vars['day'] ) ) {
return $query_vars;
}
// Identify the 'postname' position in the permastruct array.
$permastructs = array_values( array_filter( explode( '/', get_option( 'permalink_structure' ) ) ) );
$postname_index = array_search( '%postname%', $permastructs, true );
if ( false === $postname_index ) {
return $query_vars;
}
/*
* A numeric slug could be confused with a year, month, or day, depending on position. To account for
* the possibility of post pagination (eg 2015/2 for the second page of a post called '2015'), our
* `is_*` checks are generous: check for year-slug clashes when `is_year` *or* `is_month`, and check
* for month-slug clashes when `is_month` *or* `is_day`.
*/
$compare = '';
if ( 0 === $postname_index && ( isset( $query_vars['year'] ) || isset( $query_vars['monthnum'] ) ) ) {
$compare = 'year';
} elseif ( $postname_index && '%year%' === $permastructs[ $postname_index - 1 ] && ( isset( $query_vars['monthnum'] ) || isset( $query_vars['day'] ) ) ) {
$compare = 'monthnum';
} elseif ( $postname_index && '%monthnum%' === $permastructs[ $postname_index - 1 ] && isset( $query_vars['day'] ) ) {
$compare = 'day';
}
if ( ! $compare ) {
return $query_vars;
}
// This is the potentially clashing slug.
$value = '';
if ( $compare && array_key_exists( $compare, $query_vars ) ) {
$value = $query_vars[ $compare ];
}
$post = get_page_by_path( $value, OBJECT, 'post' );
if ( ! ( $post instanceof WP_Post ) ) {
return $query_vars;
}
// If the date of the post doesn't match the date specified in the URL, resolve to the date archive.
if ( preg_match( '/^([0-9]{4})\-([0-9]{2})/', $post->post_date, $matches ) && isset( $query_vars['year'] ) && ( 'monthnum' === $compare || 'day' === $compare ) ) {
// $matches[1] is the year the post was published.
if ( (int) $query_vars['year'] !== (int) $matches[1] ) {
return $query_vars;
}
// $matches[2] is the month the post was published.
if ( 'day' === $compare && isset( $query_vars['monthnum'] ) && (int) $query_vars['monthnum'] !== (int) $matches[2] ) {
return $query_vars;
}
}
/*
* If the located post contains nextpage pagination, then the URL chunk following postname may be
* intended as the page number. Verify that it's a valid page before resolving to it.
*/
$maybe_page = '';
if ( 'year' === $compare && isset( $query_vars['monthnum'] ) ) {
$maybe_page = $query_vars['monthnum'];
} elseif ( 'monthnum' === $compare && isset( $query_vars['day'] ) ) {
$maybe_page = $query_vars['day'];
}
// Bug found in #11694 - 'page' was returning '/4'.
$maybe_page = (int) trim( $maybe_page, '/' );
$post_page_count = substr_count( $post->post_content, '<!--nextpage-->' ) + 1;
// If the post doesn't have multiple pages, but a 'page' candidate is found, resolve to the date archive.
if ( 1 === $post_page_count && $maybe_page ) {
return $query_vars;
}
// If the post has multiple pages and the 'page' number isn't valid, resolve to the date archive.
if ( $post_page_count > 1 && $maybe_page > $post_page_count ) {
return $query_vars;
}
// If we've gotten to this point, we have a slug/date clash. First, adjust for nextpage.
if ( '' !== $maybe_page ) {
$query_vars['page'] = (int) $maybe_page;
}
// Next, unset autodetected date-related query vars.
unset( $query_vars['year'] );
unset( $query_vars['monthnum'] );
unset( $query_vars['day'] );
// Then, set the identified post.
$query_vars['name'] = $post->post_name;
// Finally, return the modified query vars.
return $query_vars;
}
/**
* Examines a URL and try to determine the post ID it represents.
*
* Checks are supposedly from the hosted site blog.
*
* @since 1.0.0
*
* @global WP_Rewrite $wp_rewrite WordPress rewrite component.
* @global WP $wp Current WordPress environment instance.
*
* @param string $url Permalink to check.
* @return int Post ID, or 0 on failure.
*/
function url_to_postid( $url ) {
global $wp_rewrite;
/**
* Filters the URL to derive the post ID from.
*
* @since 2.2.0
*
* @param string $url The URL to derive the post ID from.
*/
$url = apply_filters( 'url_to_postid', $url );
$url_host = parse_url( $url, PHP_URL_HOST );
if ( is_string( $url_host ) ) {
$url_host = str_replace( 'www.', '', $url_host );
} else {
$url_host = '';
}
$home_url_host = parse_url( home_url(), PHP_URL_HOST );
if ( is_string( $home_url_host ) ) {
$home_url_host = str_replace( 'www.', '', $home_url_host );
} else {
$home_url_host = '';
}
// Bail early if the URL does not belong to this site.
if ( $url_host && $url_host !== $home_url_host ) {
return 0;
}
// First, check to see if there is a 'p=N' or 'page_id=N' to match against.
if ( preg_match( '#[?&](p|page_id|attachment_id)=(\d+)#', $url, $values ) ) {
$id = absint( $values[2] );
if ( $id ) {
return $id;
}
}
// Get rid of the #anchor.
$url_split = explode( '#', $url );
$url = $url_split[0];
// Get rid of URL ?query=string.
$url_split = explode( '?', $url );
$url = $url_split[0];
// Set the correct URL scheme.
$scheme = parse_url( home_url(), PHP_URL_SCHEME );
$url = set_url_scheme( $url, $scheme );
// Add 'www.' if it is absent and should be there.
if ( str_contains( home_url(), '://www.' ) && ! str_contains( $url, '://www.' ) ) {
$url = str_replace( '://', '://www.', $url );
}
// Strip 'www.' if it is present and shouldn't be.
if ( ! str_contains( home_url(), '://www.' ) ) {
$url = str_replace( '://www.', '://', $url );
}
if ( trim( $url, '/' ) === home_url() && 'page' === get_option( 'show_on_front' ) ) {
$page_on_front = get_option( 'page_on_front' );
if ( $page_on_front && get_post( $page_on_front ) instanceof WP_Post ) {
return (int) $page_on_front;
}
}
// Check to see if we are using rewrite rules.
$rewrite = $wp_rewrite->wp_rewrite_rules();
// Not using rewrite rules, and 'p=N' and 'page_id=N' methods failed, so we're out of options.
if ( empty( $rewrite ) ) {
return 0;
}
// Strip 'index.php/' if we're not using path info permalinks.
if ( ! $wp_rewrite->using_index_permalinks() ) {
$url = str_replace( $wp_rewrite->index . '/', '', $url );
}
if ( str_contains( trailingslashit( $url ), home_url( '/' ) ) ) {
// Chop off http://domain.com/[path].
$url = str_replace( home_url(), '', $url );
} else {
// Chop off /path/to/blog.
$home_path = parse_url( home_url( '/' ) );
$home_path = isset( $home_path['path'] ) ? $home_path['path'] : '';
$url = preg_replace( sprintf( '#^%s#', preg_quote( $home_path ) ), '', trailingslashit( $url ) );
}
// Trim leading and lagging slashes.
$url = trim( $url, '/' );
$request = $url;
$post_type_query_vars = array();
foreach ( get_post_types( array(), 'objects' ) as $post_type => $t ) {
if ( ! empty( $t->query_var ) ) {
$post_type_query_vars[ $t->query_var ] = $post_type;
}
}
// Look for matches.
$request_match = $request;
foreach ( (array) $rewrite as $match => $query ) {
/*
* If the requesting file is the anchor of the match,
* prepend it to the path info.
*/
if ( ! empty( $url ) && ( $url !== $request ) && str_starts_with( $match, $url ) ) {
$request_match = $url . '/' . $request;
}
if ( preg_match( "#^$match#", $request_match, $matches ) ) {
if ( $wp_rewrite->use_verbose_page_rules && preg_match( '/pagename=\$matches\[([0-9]+)\]/', $query, $varmatch ) ) {
// This is a verbose page match, let's check to be sure about it.
$page = get_page_by_path( $matches[ $varmatch[1] ] );
if ( ! $page ) {
continue;
}
$post_status_obj = get_post_status_object( $page->post_status );
if ( ! $post_status_obj->public && ! $post_status_obj->protected
&& ! $post_status_obj->private && $post_status_obj->exclude_from_search ) {
continue;
}
}
/*
* Got a match.
* Trim the query of everything up to the '?'.
*/
$query = preg_replace( '!^.+\?!', '', $query );
// Substitute the substring matches into the query.
$query = addslashes( WP_MatchesMapRegex::apply( $query, $matches ) );
// Filter out non-public query vars.
global $wp;
parse_str( $query, $query_vars );
$query = array();
foreach ( (array) $query_vars as $key => $value ) {
if ( in_array( (string) $key, $wp->public_query_vars, true ) ) {
$query[ $key ] = $value;
if ( isset( $post_type_query_vars[ $key ] ) ) {
$query['post_type'] = $post_type_query_vars[ $key ];
$query['name'] = $value;
}
}
}
// Resolve conflicts between posts with numeric slugs and date archive queries.
$query = wp_resolve_numeric_slug_conflicts( $query );
// Do the query.
$query = new WP_Query( $query );
if ( ! empty( $query->posts ) && $query->is_singular ) {
return $query->post->ID;
} else {
return 0;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
في عام 2017، أصدر الكاتب المصري أحمد مراد روايته “موسم صيد الغزلان”، التي جاءت خارج المألوف في السرد العربي، واصطحبت القارئ في رحلة إلى مستقبل تحكمه التكنولوجيا، وتختفي فيه ملامح الحياة التقليدية. رواية استباقية طرحت أسئلة علمية وفلسفية بلغة أدبية مشوقة، وتنبأت بواقع نبدأ اليوم في ملامسته.
في الرواية، نتتبع رحلة “نديم”، أستاذ بيولوجيا شاب يؤمن بالعلم المطلق وينكر الأديان، يلتقي بـ”تُقى”، فتاة تنتمي إلى جماعة سرّية ما زالت تؤمن بالروحانيات والإيمان. ينطلق الصراع بين العقل والإيمان في قالب حواري وفلسفي داخل عالم مستقبلي متطور تقنيًا، تُستخدم فيه تقنيات زرع الذاكرة، والعلاج بالروبوت، والتعليم بالنقل العصبي. وبين أسئلة الإيمان، والحب، والمعرفة، يكشف مراد عالماً يُخضع الإنسان للآلة ويطرح تساؤلات وجودية عميقة عن المستقبل ومعنى الحياة.
مراد لم يكتب من فراغ، بل بنى روايته على بحث علمي مكثف. وقال مراد في أحد تصريحاته:
“الرواية استغرقت مني 3 أشهر من البحث العلمي، و9 أشهر من الكتابة. التحدي الأكبر كان أن أستشرف المستقبل من خلال الإشارات العلمية المتوفرة الآن.”
ما كتبه أحمد مراد عن أدوات الاتصال الذكية، التعليم القائم على زراعة المعرفة في الدماغ، والطب القادر على استبدال أعضاء الإنسان بالكامل، لم يعد ضرباً من الخيال. فالواقع الافتراضي والمعزز، والهولوجرام، والروبوتات الجراحية، وواجهات زرع المعلومات في الدماغ مثل Neuralink، كلها تقنيات بدأت تظهر في حياتنا المعاصرة. حتى التقدم في مجالات تعديل الأجنة وزراعة الأعضاء الصناعية الذكية أصبح اليوم محط نقاش وتجربة.
ورغم سيطرة الخط التكنولوجي، لم تغب الكوارث البيئية عن الرواية. فقد أشار مراد إلى جفاف نهر النيل، وغرق مناطق الدلتا والإسكندرية بسبب ذوبان الجليد القطبي. وهي مشاهد روائية تنسجم بشكل مقلق مع التحذيرات العلمية الراهنة من آثار تغيّر المناخ على المدن الساحلية.
رواية أم سيناريو مستقبلي؟
تميّزت الرواية بأسلوب بصري واضح، فبدت مشاهدها وكأنها تُعرض على شاشة سينمائية. استخدم مراد تقنيات السرد البصري بشكل بارع، فبدت الابتكارات وكأنها شخصيات موازية داخل الحبكة، وليست مجرد خلفية.
خيال علمي عربي… يسبق عصره
“موسم صيد الغزلان” ليست فقط عملاً روائيًا متقدّمًا، بل خطوة جريئة في مجال الخيال العلمي العربي، الذي نادرًا ما يتم التعامل معه بجديّة. مراد لم يستخدم الخيال كمهرب من الواقع، بل كأداة لقراءته وتحليله واستشراف ما قد يأتي.
ومع تسارع وتيرة التطور التكنولوجي اليوم، تعود الرواية لتُقرأ من منظور مختلف: كنص أدبي استشرافي، سبق زمنه، ولامس ملامح واقع نعيش بداياته
