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/home/tahkoom/public_html/wp-includes/ID3/module.audio.ogg.php
<?php
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// getID3() by James Heinrich <info@getid3.org> //
// available at https://github.com/JamesHeinrich/getID3 //
// or https://www.getid3.org //
// or http://getid3.sourceforge.net //
// see readme.txt for more details //
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// //
// module.audio.ogg.php //
// module for analyzing Ogg Vorbis, OggFLAC and Speex files //
// dependencies: module.audio.flac.php //
// ///
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
if (!defined('GETID3_INCLUDEPATH')) { // prevent path-exposing attacks that access modules directly on public webservers
exit;
}
getid3_lib::IncludeDependency(GETID3_INCLUDEPATH.'module.audio.flac.php', __FILE__, true);
class getid3_ogg extends getid3_handler
{
/**
* @link http://xiph.org/vorbis/doc/Vorbis_I_spec.html
*
* @return bool
*/
public function Analyze() {
$info = &$this->getid3->info;
$info['fileformat'] = 'ogg';
// Warn about illegal tags - only vorbiscomments are allowed
if (isset($info['id3v2'])) {
$this->warning('Illegal ID3v2 tag present.');
}
if (isset($info['id3v1'])) {
$this->warning('Illegal ID3v1 tag present.');
}
if (isset($info['ape'])) {
$this->warning('Illegal APE tag present.');
}
// Page 1 - Stream Header
$this->fseek($info['avdataoffset']);
$oggpageinfo = $this->ParseOggPageHeader();
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']] = $oggpageinfo;
if ($this->ftell() >= $this->getid3->fread_buffer_size()) {
$this->error('Could not find start of Ogg page in the first '.$this->getid3->fread_buffer_size().' bytes (this might not be an Ogg-Vorbis file?)');
unset($info['fileformat']);
unset($info['ogg']);
return false;
}
$filedata = $this->fread($oggpageinfo['page_length']);
$filedataoffset = 0;
if (substr($filedata, 0, 4) == 'fLaC') {
$info['audio']['dataformat'] = 'flac';
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'vbr';
$info['audio']['lossless'] = true;
} elseif (substr($filedata, 1, 6) == 'vorbis') {
$this->ParseVorbisPageHeader($filedata, $filedataoffset, $oggpageinfo);
} elseif (substr($filedata, 0, 8) == 'OpusHead') {
if ($this->ParseOpusPageHeader($filedata, $filedataoffset, $oggpageinfo) === false) {
return false;
}
} elseif (substr($filedata, 0, 8) == 'Speex ') {
// http://www.speex.org/manual/node10.html
$info['audio']['dataformat'] = 'speex';
$info['mime_type'] = 'audio/speex';
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'abr';
$info['audio']['lossless'] = false;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['speex_string'] = substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8); // hard-coded to 'Speex '
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['speex_version'] = substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 20);
$filedataoffset += 20;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['speex_version_id'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['header_size'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['rate'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['mode'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['mode_bitstream_version'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['nb_channels'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['bitrate'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['framesize'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['vbr'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['frames_per_packet'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['extra_headers'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['reserved1'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['reserved2'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['speex']['speex_version'] = trim($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['speex_version']);
$info['speex']['sample_rate'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['rate'];
$info['speex']['channels'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['nb_channels'];
$info['speex']['vbr'] = (bool) $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['vbr'];
$info['speex']['band_type'] = $this->SpeexBandModeLookup($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['mode']);
$info['audio']['sample_rate'] = $info['speex']['sample_rate'];
$info['audio']['channels'] = $info['speex']['channels'];
if ($info['speex']['vbr']) {
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'vbr';
}
} elseif (substr($filedata, 0, 7) == "\x80".'theora') {
// http://www.theora.org/doc/Theora.pdf (section 6.2)
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['theora_magic'] = substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 7); // hard-coded to "\x80.'theora'
$filedataoffset += 7;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['version_major'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['version_minor'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['version_revision'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_width_macroblocks'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
$filedataoffset += 2;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_height_macroblocks'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
$filedataoffset += 2;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['resolution_x'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 3));
$filedataoffset += 3;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['resolution_y'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 3));
$filedataoffset += 3;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['picture_offset_x'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['picture_offset_y'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_rate_numerator'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_rate_denominator'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_aspect_numerator'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 3));
$filedataoffset += 3;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_aspect_denominator'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 3));
$filedataoffset += 3;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['color_space_id'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['nominal_bitrate'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 3));
$filedataoffset += 3;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['flags'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
$filedataoffset += 2;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['quality'] = ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['flags'] & 0xFC00) >> 10;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['kfg_shift'] = ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['flags'] & 0x03E0) >> 5;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_format_id'] = ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['flags'] & 0x0018) >> 3;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['reserved'] = ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['flags'] & 0x0007) >> 0; // should be 0
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['color_space'] = self::TheoraColorSpace($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['color_space_id']);
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_format'] = self::TheoraPixelFormat($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_format_id']);
$info['video']['dataformat'] = 'theora';
$info['mime_type'] = 'video/ogg';
//$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'abr';
//$info['audio']['lossless'] = false;
$info['video']['resolution_x'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['resolution_x'];
$info['video']['resolution_y'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['resolution_y'];
if ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_rate_denominator'] > 0) {
$info['video']['frame_rate'] = (float) $info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_rate_numerator'] / $info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_rate_denominator'];
}
if ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_aspect_denominator'] > 0) {
$info['video']['pixel_aspect_ratio'] = (float) $info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_aspect_numerator'] / $info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_aspect_denominator'];
}
$this->warning('Ogg Theora (v3) not fully supported in this version of getID3 ['.$this->getid3->version().'] -- bitrate, playtime and all audio data are currently unavailable');
} elseif (substr($filedata, 0, 8) == "fishead\x00") {
// Ogg Skeleton version 3.0 Format Specification
// http://xiph.org/ogg/doc/skeleton.html
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['version_major'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
$filedataoffset += 2;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['version_minor'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
$filedataoffset += 2;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['presentationtime_numerator'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['presentationtime_denominator'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['basetime_numerator'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['basetime_denominator'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['utc'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 20));
$filedataoffset += 20;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['version'] = $info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['version_major'].'.'.$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['version_minor'];
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['presentationtime'] = getid3_lib::SafeDiv($info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['presentationtime_numerator'], $info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['presentationtime_denominator']);
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['basetime'] = getid3_lib::SafeDiv($info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['basetime_numerator'], $info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['basetime_denominator']);
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['utc'] = $info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['utc'];
$counter = 0;
do {
$oggpageinfo = $this->ParseOggPageHeader();
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno'].'.'.$counter++] = $oggpageinfo;
$filedata = $this->fread($oggpageinfo['page_length']);
$this->fseek($oggpageinfo['page_end_offset']);
if (substr($filedata, 0, 8) == "fisbone\x00") {
$filedataoffset = 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['message_header_offset'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['serial_number'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['number_header_packets'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['granulerate_numerator'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['granulerate_denominator'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['basegranule'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['preroll'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['granuleshift'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['padding'] = substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 3);
$filedataoffset += 3;
} elseif (substr($filedata, 1, 6) == 'theora') {
$info['video']['dataformat'] = 'theora1';
$this->error('Ogg Theora (v1) not correctly handled in this version of getID3 ['.$this->getid3->version().']');
//break;
} elseif (substr($filedata, 1, 6) == 'vorbis') {
$this->ParseVorbisPageHeader($filedata, $filedataoffset, $oggpageinfo);
} else {
$this->error('unexpected');
//break;
}
//} while ($oggpageinfo['page_seqno'] == 0);
} while (($oggpageinfo['page_seqno'] == 0) && (substr($filedata, 0, 8) != "fisbone\x00"));
$this->fseek($oggpageinfo['page_start_offset']);
$this->error('Ogg Skeleton not correctly handled in this version of getID3 ['.$this->getid3->version().']');
//return false;
} elseif (substr($filedata, 0, 5) == "\x7F".'FLAC') {
// https://xiph.org/flac/ogg_mapping.html
$info['audio']['dataformat'] = 'flac';
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'vbr';
$info['audio']['lossless'] = true;
$info['ogg']['flac']['header']['version_major'] = ord(substr($filedata, 5, 1));
$info['ogg']['flac']['header']['version_minor'] = ord(substr($filedata, 6, 1));
$info['ogg']['flac']['header']['header_packets'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, 7, 2)) + 1; // "A two-byte, big-endian binary number signifying the number of header (non-audio) packets, not including this one. This number may be zero (0x0000) to signify 'unknown' but be aware that some decoders may not be able to handle such streams."
$info['ogg']['flac']['header']['magic'] = substr($filedata, 9, 4);
if ($info['ogg']['flac']['header']['magic'] != 'fLaC') {
$this->error('Ogg-FLAC expecting "fLaC", found "'.$info['ogg']['flac']['header']['magic'].'" ('.trim(getid3_lib::PrintHexBytes($info['ogg']['flac']['header']['magic'])).')');
return false;
}
$info['ogg']['flac']['header']['STREAMINFO_bytes'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, 13, 4));
$info['flac']['STREAMINFO'] = getid3_flac::parseSTREAMINFOdata(substr($filedata, 17, 34));
if (!empty($info['flac']['STREAMINFO']['sample_rate'])) {
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'vbr';
$info['audio']['sample_rate'] = $info['flac']['STREAMINFO']['sample_rate'];
$info['audio']['channels'] = $info['flac']['STREAMINFO']['channels'];
$info['audio']['bits_per_sample'] = $info['flac']['STREAMINFO']['bits_per_sample'];
$info['playtime_seconds'] = getid3_lib::SafeDiv($info['flac']['STREAMINFO']['samples_stream'], $info['flac']['STREAMINFO']['sample_rate']);
}
} else {
$this->error('Expecting one of "vorbis", "Speex", "OpusHead", "vorbis", "fishhead", "theora", "fLaC" identifier strings, found "'.substr($filedata, 0, 8).'"');
unset($info['ogg']);
unset($info['mime_type']);
return false;
}
// Page 2 - Comment Header
$oggpageinfo = $this->ParseOggPageHeader();
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']] = $oggpageinfo;
switch ($info['audio']['dataformat']) {
case 'vorbis':
$filedata = $this->fread($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_length']);
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['packet_type'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, 0, 1));
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['stream_type'] = substr($filedata, 1, 6); // hard-coded to 'vorbis'
$this->ParseVorbisComments();
break;
case 'flac':
$flac = new getid3_flac($this->getid3);
if (!$flac->parseMETAdata()) {
$this->error('Failed to parse FLAC headers');
return false;
}
unset($flac);
break;
case 'speex':
$this->fseek($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_length'], SEEK_CUR);
$this->ParseVorbisComments();
break;
case 'opus':
$filedata = $this->fread($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_length']);
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['stream_type'] = substr($filedata, 0, 8); // hard-coded to 'OpusTags'
if(substr($filedata, 0, 8) != 'OpusTags') {
$this->error('Expected "OpusTags" as header but got "'.substr($filedata, 0, 8).'"');
return false;
}
$this->ParseVorbisComments();
break;
}
// Last Page - Number of Samples
if (!getid3_lib::intValueSupported($info['avdataend'])) {
$this->warning('Unable to parse Ogg end chunk file (PHP does not support file operations beyond '.round(PHP_INT_MAX / 1073741824).'GB)');
} else {
$this->fseek(max($info['avdataend'] - $this->getid3->fread_buffer_size(), 0));
$LastChunkOfOgg = strrev($this->fread($this->getid3->fread_buffer_size()));
if ($LastOggSpostion = strpos($LastChunkOfOgg, 'SggO')) {
$this->fseek($info['avdataend'] - ($LastOggSpostion + strlen('SggO')));
$info['avdataend'] = $this->ftell();
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['eos'] = $this->ParseOggPageHeader();
$info['ogg']['samples'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader']['eos']['pcm_abs_position'];
if ($info['ogg']['samples'] == 0) {
$this->error('Corrupt Ogg file: eos.number of samples == zero');
return false;
}
if (!empty($info['audio']['sample_rate'])) {
$info['ogg']['bitrate_average'] = (($info['avdataend'] - $info['avdataoffset']) * 8) * $info['audio']['sample_rate'] / $info['ogg']['samples'];
}
}
}
if (!empty($info['ogg']['bitrate_average'])) {
$info['audio']['bitrate'] = $info['ogg']['bitrate_average'];
} elseif (!empty($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'])) {
$info['audio']['bitrate'] = $info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'];
} elseif (!empty($info['ogg']['bitrate_min']) && !empty($info['ogg']['bitrate_max'])) {
$info['audio']['bitrate'] = ($info['ogg']['bitrate_min'] + $info['ogg']['bitrate_max']) / 2;
}
if (isset($info['audio']['bitrate']) && !isset($info['playtime_seconds'])) {
if ($info['audio']['bitrate'] == 0) {
$this->error('Corrupt Ogg file: bitrate_audio == zero');
return false;
}
$info['playtime_seconds'] = (float) ((($info['avdataend'] - $info['avdataoffset']) * 8) / $info['audio']['bitrate']);
}
if (isset($info['ogg']['vendor'])) {
$info['audio']['encoder'] = preg_replace('/^Encoded with /', '', $info['ogg']['vendor']);
// Vorbis only
if ($info['audio']['dataformat'] == 'vorbis') {
// Vorbis 1.0 starts with Xiph.Org
if (preg_match('/^Xiph.Org/', $info['audio']['encoder'])) {
if ($info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] == 'abr') {
// Set -b 128 on abr files
$info['audio']['encoder_options'] = '-b '.round($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'] / 1000);
} elseif (($info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] == 'vbr') && ($info['audio']['channels'] == 2) && ($info['audio']['sample_rate'] >= 44100) && ($info['audio']['sample_rate'] <= 48000)) {
// Set -q N on vbr files
$info['audio']['encoder_options'] = '-q '.$this->get_quality_from_nominal_bitrate($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal']);
}
}
if (empty($info['audio']['encoder_options']) && !empty($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'])) {
$info['audio']['encoder_options'] = 'Nominal bitrate: '.intval(round($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'] / 1000)).'kbps';
}
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* @param string $filedata
* @param int $filedataoffset
* @param array $oggpageinfo
*
* @return bool
*/
public function ParseVorbisPageHeader(&$filedata, &$filedataoffset, &$oggpageinfo) {
$info = &$this->getid3->info;
$info['audio']['dataformat'] = 'vorbis';
$info['audio']['lossless'] = false;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['packet_type'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['stream_type'] = substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 6); // hard-coded to 'vorbis'
$filedataoffset += 6;
$info['ogg']['bitstreamversion'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['numberofchannels'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['audio']['channels'] = $info['ogg']['numberofchannels'];
$info['ogg']['samplerate'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
if ($info['ogg']['samplerate'] == 0) {
$this->error('Corrupt Ogg file: sample rate == zero');
return false;
}
$info['audio']['sample_rate'] = $info['ogg']['samplerate'];
$info['ogg']['samples'] = 0; // filled in later
$info['ogg']['bitrate_average'] = 0; // filled in later
$info['ogg']['bitrate_max'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['bitrate_min'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['blocksize_small'] = pow(2, getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1)) & 0x0F);
$info['ogg']['blocksize_large'] = pow(2, (getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1)) & 0xF0) >> 4);
$info['ogg']['stop_bit'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1)); // must be 1, marks end of packet
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'vbr'; // overridden if actually abr
if ($info['ogg']['bitrate_max'] == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
unset($info['ogg']['bitrate_max']);
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'abr';
}
if ($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'] == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
unset($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal']);
}
if ($info['ogg']['bitrate_min'] == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
unset($info['ogg']['bitrate_min']);
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'abr';
}
return true;
}
/**
* @link http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-codec-oggopus-03
*
* @param string $filedata
* @param int $filedataoffset
* @param array $oggpageinfo
*
* @return bool
*/
public function ParseOpusPageHeader(&$filedata, &$filedataoffset, &$oggpageinfo) {
$info = &$this->getid3->info;
$info['audio']['dataformat'] = 'opus';
$info['mime_type'] = 'audio/ogg; codecs=opus';
/** @todo find a usable way to detect abr (vbr that is padded to be abr) */
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'vbr';
$info['audio']['lossless'] = false;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['opus_magic'] = substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8); // hard-coded to 'OpusHead'
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['version'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
if ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['version'] < 1 || $info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['version'] > 15) {
$this->error('Unknown opus version number (only accepting 1-15)');
return false;
}
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['out_channel_count'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
if ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['out_channel_count'] == 0) {
$this->error('Invalid channel count in opus header (must not be zero)');
return false;
}
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['pre_skip'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
$filedataoffset += 2;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['input_sample_rate'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
//$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['output_gain'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
//$filedataoffset += 2;
//$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['channel_mapping_family'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
//$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['opus']['opus_version'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['version'];
$info['opus']['sample_rate_input'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['input_sample_rate'];
$info['opus']['out_channel_count'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['out_channel_count'];
$info['audio']['channels'] = $info['opus']['out_channel_count'];
$info['audio']['sample_rate_input'] = $info['opus']['sample_rate_input'];
$info['audio']['sample_rate'] = 48000; // "All Opus audio is coded at 48 kHz, and should also be decoded at 48 kHz for playback (unless the target hardware does not support this sampling rate). However, this field may be used to resample the audio back to the original sampling rate, for example, when saving the output to a file." -- https://mf4.xiph.org/jenkins/view/opus/job/opusfile-unix/ws/doc/html/structOpusHead.html
return true;
}
/**
* @return array|false
*/
public function ParseOggPageHeader() {
// http://xiph.org/ogg/vorbis/doc/framing.html
$oggheader = array();
$oggheader['page_start_offset'] = $this->ftell(); // where we started from in the file
$filedata = $this->fread($this->getid3->fread_buffer_size());
$filedataoffset = 0;
while (substr($filedata, $filedataoffset++, 4) != 'OggS') {
if (($this->ftell() - $oggheader['page_start_offset']) >= $this->getid3->fread_buffer_size()) {
// should be found before here
return false;
}
if (($filedataoffset + 28) > strlen($filedata)) {
if ($this->feof() || (($filedata .= $this->fread($this->getid3->fread_buffer_size())) === '')) {
// get some more data, unless eof, in which case fail
return false;
}
}
}
$filedataoffset += strlen('OggS') - 1; // page, delimited by 'OggS'
$oggheader['stream_structver'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$oggheader['flags_raw'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$oggheader['flags']['fresh'] = (bool) ($oggheader['flags_raw'] & 0x01); // fresh packet
$oggheader['flags']['bos'] = (bool) ($oggheader['flags_raw'] & 0x02); // first page of logical bitstream (bos)
$oggheader['flags']['eos'] = (bool) ($oggheader['flags_raw'] & 0x04); // last page of logical bitstream (eos)
$oggheader['pcm_abs_position'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$oggheader['stream_serialno'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$oggheader['page_seqno'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$oggheader['page_checksum'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$oggheader['page_segments'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$oggheader['page_length'] = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i < $oggheader['page_segments']; $i++) {
$oggheader['segment_table'][$i] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$oggheader['page_length'] += $oggheader['segment_table'][$i];
}
$oggheader['header_end_offset'] = $oggheader['page_start_offset'] + $filedataoffset;
$oggheader['page_end_offset'] = $oggheader['header_end_offset'] + $oggheader['page_length'];
$this->fseek($oggheader['header_end_offset']);
return $oggheader;
}
/**
* @link http://xiph.org/vorbis/doc/Vorbis_I_spec.html#x1-810005
*
* @return bool
*/
public function ParseVorbisComments() {
$info = &$this->getid3->info;
$OriginalOffset = $this->ftell();
$commentdata = null;
$commentdataoffset = 0;
$VorbisCommentPage = 1;
$CommentStartOffset = 0;
switch ($info['audio']['dataformat']) {
case 'vorbis':
case 'speex':
case 'opus':
$CommentStartOffset = $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$VorbisCommentPage]['page_start_offset']; // Second Ogg page, after header block
$this->fseek($CommentStartOffset);
$commentdataoffset = 27 + $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$VorbisCommentPage]['page_segments'];
$commentdata = $this->fread(self::OggPageSegmentLength($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$VorbisCommentPage], 1) + $commentdataoffset);
if ($info['audio']['dataformat'] == 'vorbis') {
$commentdataoffset += (strlen('vorbis') + 1);
}
else if ($info['audio']['dataformat'] == 'opus') {
$commentdataoffset += strlen('OpusTags');
}
break;
case 'flac':
$CommentStartOffset = $info['flac']['VORBIS_COMMENT']['raw']['offset'] + 4;
$this->fseek($CommentStartOffset);
$commentdata = $this->fread($info['flac']['VORBIS_COMMENT']['raw']['block_length']);
break;
default:
return false;
}
$VendorSize = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset, 4));
$commentdataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['vendor'] = substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset, $VendorSize);
$commentdataoffset += $VendorSize;
$CommentsCount = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset, 4));
$commentdataoffset += 4;
$info['avdataoffset'] = $CommentStartOffset + $commentdataoffset;
$basicfields = array('TITLE', 'ARTIST', 'ALBUM', 'TRACKNUMBER', 'GENRE', 'DATE', 'DESCRIPTION', 'COMMENT');
$ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw = &$info['ogg']['comments_raw'];
for ($i = 0; $i < $CommentsCount; $i++) {
if ($i >= 10000) {
// https://github.com/owncloud/music/issues/212#issuecomment-43082336
$this->warning('Unexpectedly large number ('.$CommentsCount.') of Ogg comments - breaking after reading '.$i.' comments');
break;
}
$ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['dataoffset'] = $CommentStartOffset + $commentdataoffset;
if ($this->ftell() < ($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['dataoffset'] + 4)) {
if ($oggpageinfo = $this->ParseOggPageHeader()) {
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']] = $oggpageinfo;
$VorbisCommentPage++;
// First, save what we haven't read yet
$AsYetUnusedData = substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset);
// Then take that data off the end
$commentdata = substr($commentdata, 0, $commentdataoffset);
// Add [headerlength] bytes of dummy data for the Ogg Page Header, just to keep absolute offsets correct
$commentdata .= str_repeat("\x00", 27 + $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_segments']);
$commentdataoffset += (27 + $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_segments']);
// Finally, stick the unused data back on the end
$commentdata .= $AsYetUnusedData;
//$commentdata .= $this->fread($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_length']);
$commentdata .= $this->fread($this->OggPageSegmentLength($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$VorbisCommentPage], 1));
}
}
$ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset, 4));
// replace avdataoffset with position just after the last vorbiscomment
$info['avdataoffset'] = $ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['dataoffset'] + $ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size'] + 4;
$commentdataoffset += 4;
while ((strlen($commentdata) - $commentdataoffset) < $ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size']) {
if (($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size'] > $info['avdataend']) || ($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size'] < 0)) {
$this->warning('Invalid Ogg comment size (comment #'.$i.', claims to be '.number_format($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size']).' bytes) - aborting reading comments');
break 2;
}
$VorbisCommentPage++;
if ($oggpageinfo = $this->ParseOggPageHeader()) {
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']] = $oggpageinfo;
// First, save what we haven't read yet
$AsYetUnusedData = substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset);
// Then take that data off the end
$commentdata = substr($commentdata, 0, $commentdataoffset);
// Add [headerlength] bytes of dummy data for the Ogg Page Header, just to keep absolute offsets correct
$commentdata .= str_repeat("\x00", 27 + $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_segments']);
$commentdataoffset += (27 + $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_segments']);
// Finally, stick the unused data back on the end
$commentdata .= $AsYetUnusedData;
//$commentdata .= $this->fread($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_length']);
if (!isset($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$VorbisCommentPage])) {
$this->warning('undefined Vorbis Comment page "'.$VorbisCommentPage.'" at offset '.$this->ftell());
break;
}
$readlength = self::OggPageSegmentLength($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$VorbisCommentPage], 1);
if ($readlength <= 0) {
$this->warning('invalid length Vorbis Comment page "'.$VorbisCommentPage.'" at offset '.$this->ftell());
break;
}
$commentdata .= $this->fread($readlength);
//$filebaseoffset += $oggpageinfo['header_end_offset'] - $oggpageinfo['page_start_offset'];
} else {
$this->warning('failed to ParseOggPageHeader() at offset '.$this->ftell());
break;
}
}
$ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['offset'] = $commentdataoffset;
$commentstring = substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset, $ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size']);
$commentdataoffset += $ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size'];
if (!$commentstring) {
// no comment?
$this->warning('Blank Ogg comment ['.$i.']');
} elseif (strstr($commentstring, '=')) {
$commentexploded = explode('=', $commentstring, 2);
$ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['key'] = strtoupper($commentexploded[0]);
$ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['value'] = (isset($commentexploded[1]) ? $commentexploded[1] : '');
if ($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['key'] == 'METADATA_BLOCK_PICTURE') {
// http://wiki.xiph.org/VorbisComment#METADATA_BLOCK_PICTURE
// The unencoded format is that of the FLAC picture block. The fields are stored in big endian order as in FLAC, picture data is stored according to the relevant standard.
// http://flac.sourceforge.net/format.html#metadata_block_picture
$flac = new getid3_flac($this->getid3);
$flac->setStringMode(base64_decode($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['value']));
$flac->parsePICTURE();
$info['ogg']['comments']['picture'][] = $flac->getid3->info['flac']['PICTURE'][0];
unset($flac);
} elseif ($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['key'] == 'COVERART') {
$data = base64_decode($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['value']);
$this->notice('Found deprecated COVERART tag, it should be replaced in honor of METADATA_BLOCK_PICTURE structure');
/** @todo use 'coverartmime' where available */
$imageinfo = getid3_lib::GetDataImageSize($data);
if ($imageinfo === false || !isset($imageinfo['mime'])) {
$this->warning('COVERART vorbiscomment tag contains invalid image');
continue;
}
$ogg = new self($this->getid3);
$ogg->setStringMode($data);
$info['ogg']['comments']['picture'][] = array(
'image_mime' => $imageinfo['mime'],
'datalength' => strlen($data),
'picturetype' => 'cover art',
'image_height' => $imageinfo['height'],
'image_width' => $imageinfo['width'],
'data' => $ogg->saveAttachment('coverart', 0, strlen($data), $imageinfo['mime']),
);
unset($ogg);
} else {
$info['ogg']['comments'][strtolower($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['key'])][] = $ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['value'];
}
} else {
$this->warning('[known problem with CDex >= v1.40, < v1.50b7] Invalid Ogg comment name/value pair ['.$i.']: '.$commentstring);
}
unset($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]);
}
unset($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw);
// Replay Gain Adjustment
// http://privatewww.essex.ac.uk/~djmrob/replaygain/
if (isset($info['ogg']['comments']) && is_array($info['ogg']['comments'])) {
foreach ($info['ogg']['comments'] as $index => $commentvalue) {
switch ($index) {
case 'rg_audiophile':
case 'replaygain_album_gain':
$info['replay_gain']['album']['adjustment'] = (double) $commentvalue[0];
unset($info['ogg']['comments'][$index]);
break;
case 'rg_radio':
case 'replaygain_track_gain':
$info['replay_gain']['track']['adjustment'] = (double) $commentvalue[0];
unset($info['ogg']['comments'][$index]);
break;
case 'replaygain_album_peak':
$info['replay_gain']['album']['peak'] = (double) $commentvalue[0];
unset($info['ogg']['comments'][$index]);
break;
case 'rg_peak':
case 'replaygain_track_peak':
$info['replay_gain']['track']['peak'] = (double) $commentvalue[0];
unset($info['ogg']['comments'][$index]);
break;
case 'replaygain_reference_loudness':
$info['replay_gain']['reference_volume'] = (double) $commentvalue[0];
unset($info['ogg']['comments'][$index]);
break;
default:
// do nothing
break;
}
}
}
$this->fseek($OriginalOffset);
return true;
}
/**
* @param int $mode
*
* @return string|null
*/
public static function SpeexBandModeLookup($mode) {
static $SpeexBandModeLookup = array();
if (empty($SpeexBandModeLookup)) {
$SpeexBandModeLookup[0] = 'narrow';
$SpeexBandModeLookup[1] = 'wide';
$SpeexBandModeLookup[2] = 'ultra-wide';
}
return (isset($SpeexBandModeLookup[$mode]) ? $SpeexBandModeLookup[$mode] : null);
}
/**
* @param array $OggInfoArray
* @param int $SegmentNumber
*
* @return int
*/
public static function OggPageSegmentLength($OggInfoArray, $SegmentNumber=1) {
$segmentlength = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i < $SegmentNumber; $i++) {
$segmentlength = 0;
foreach ($OggInfoArray['segment_table'] as $key => $value) {
$segmentlength += $value;
if ($value < 255) {
break;
}
}
}
return $segmentlength;
}
/**
* @param int $nominal_bitrate
*
* @return float
*/
public static function get_quality_from_nominal_bitrate($nominal_bitrate) {
// decrease precision
$nominal_bitrate = $nominal_bitrate / 1000;
if ($nominal_bitrate < 128) {
// q-1 to q4
$qval = ($nominal_bitrate - 64) / 16;
} elseif ($nominal_bitrate < 256) {
// q4 to q8
$qval = $nominal_bitrate / 32;
} elseif ($nominal_bitrate < 320) {
// q8 to q9
$qval = ($nominal_bitrate + 256) / 64;
} else {
// q9 to q10
$qval = ($nominal_bitrate + 1300) / 180;
}
//return $qval; // 5.031324
//return intval($qval); // 5
return round($qval, 1); // 5 or 4.9
}
/**
* @param int $colorspace_id
*
* @return string|null
*/
public static function TheoraColorSpace($colorspace_id) {
// http://www.theora.org/doc/Theora.pdf (table 6.3)
static $TheoraColorSpaceLookup = array();
if (empty($TheoraColorSpaceLookup)) {
$TheoraColorSpaceLookup[0] = 'Undefined';
$TheoraColorSpaceLookup[1] = 'Rec. 470M';
$TheoraColorSpaceLookup[2] = 'Rec. 470BG';
$TheoraColorSpaceLookup[3] = 'Reserved';
}
return (isset($TheoraColorSpaceLookup[$colorspace_id]) ? $TheoraColorSpaceLookup[$colorspace_id] : null);
}
/**
* @param int $pixelformat_id
*
* @return string|null
*/
public static function TheoraPixelFormat($pixelformat_id) {
// http://www.theora.org/doc/Theora.pdf (table 6.4)
static $TheoraPixelFormatLookup = array();
if (empty($TheoraPixelFormatLookup)) {
$TheoraPixelFormatLookup[0] = '4:2:0';
$TheoraPixelFormatLookup[1] = 'Reserved';
$TheoraPixelFormatLookup[2] = '4:2:2';
$TheoraPixelFormatLookup[3] = '4:4:4';
}
return (isset($TheoraPixelFormatLookup[$pixelformat_id]) ? $TheoraPixelFormatLookup[$pixelformat_id] : null);
}
}
رواية “موسم صيد الغزلان “أدب يقرأ الغد: فكيف توقّعت رواية مراد تقنيات اليوم؟ – tahkoom.com
كتبت: فرح سمير
في عام 2017، أصدر الكاتب المصري أحمد مراد روايته “موسم صيد الغزلان”، التي جاءت خارج المألوف في السرد العربي، واصطحبت القارئ في رحلة إلى مستقبل تحكمه التكنولوجيا، وتختفي فيه ملامح الحياة التقليدية. رواية استباقية طرحت أسئلة علمية وفلسفية بلغة أدبية مشوقة، وتنبأت بواقع نبدأ اليوم في ملامسته.
في الرواية، نتتبع رحلة “نديم”، أستاذ بيولوجيا شاب يؤمن بالعلم المطلق وينكر الأديان، يلتقي بـ”تُقى”، فتاة تنتمي إلى جماعة سرّية ما زالت تؤمن بالروحانيات والإيمان. ينطلق الصراع بين العقل والإيمان في قالب حواري وفلسفي داخل عالم مستقبلي متطور تقنيًا، تُستخدم فيه تقنيات زرع الذاكرة، والعلاج بالروبوت، والتعليم بالنقل العصبي. وبين أسئلة الإيمان، والحب، والمعرفة، يكشف مراد عالماً يُخضع الإنسان للآلة ويطرح تساؤلات وجودية عميقة عن المستقبل ومعنى الحياة.
مراد لم يكتب من فراغ، بل بنى روايته على بحث علمي مكثف. وقال مراد في أحد تصريحاته:
ما كتبه أحمد مراد عن أدوات الاتصال الذكية، التعليم القائم على زراعة المعرفة في الدماغ، والطب القادر على استبدال أعضاء الإنسان بالكامل، لم يعد ضرباً من الخيال. فالواقع الافتراضي والمعزز، والهولوجرام، والروبوتات الجراحية، وواجهات زرع المعلومات في الدماغ مثل Neuralink، كلها تقنيات بدأت تظهر في حياتنا المعاصرة. حتى التقدم في مجالات تعديل الأجنة وزراعة الأعضاء الصناعية الذكية أصبح اليوم محط نقاش وتجربة.
ورغم سيطرة الخط التكنولوجي، لم تغب الكوارث البيئية عن الرواية. فقد أشار مراد إلى جفاف نهر النيل، وغرق مناطق الدلتا والإسكندرية بسبب ذوبان الجليد القطبي. وهي مشاهد روائية تنسجم بشكل مقلق مع التحذيرات العلمية الراهنة من آثار تغيّر المناخ على المدن الساحلية.
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