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/home/tahkoom/public_html/wp-includes/ID3/module.audio.ogg.php
<?php
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// getID3() by James Heinrich <info@getid3.org> //
// available at https://github.com/JamesHeinrich/getID3 //
// or https://www.getid3.org //
// or http://getid3.sourceforge.net //
// see readme.txt for more details //
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// //
// module.audio.ogg.php //
// module for analyzing Ogg Vorbis, OggFLAC and Speex files //
// dependencies: module.audio.flac.php //
// ///
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
if (!defined('GETID3_INCLUDEPATH')) { // prevent path-exposing attacks that access modules directly on public webservers
exit;
}
getid3_lib::IncludeDependency(GETID3_INCLUDEPATH.'module.audio.flac.php', __FILE__, true);
class getid3_ogg extends getid3_handler
{
/**
* @link http://xiph.org/vorbis/doc/Vorbis_I_spec.html
*
* @return bool
*/
public function Analyze() {
$info = &$this->getid3->info;
$info['fileformat'] = 'ogg';
// Warn about illegal tags - only vorbiscomments are allowed
if (isset($info['id3v2'])) {
$this->warning('Illegal ID3v2 tag present.');
}
if (isset($info['id3v1'])) {
$this->warning('Illegal ID3v1 tag present.');
}
if (isset($info['ape'])) {
$this->warning('Illegal APE tag present.');
}
// Page 1 - Stream Header
$this->fseek($info['avdataoffset']);
$oggpageinfo = $this->ParseOggPageHeader();
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']] = $oggpageinfo;
if ($this->ftell() >= $this->getid3->fread_buffer_size()) {
$this->error('Could not find start of Ogg page in the first '.$this->getid3->fread_buffer_size().' bytes (this might not be an Ogg-Vorbis file?)');
unset($info['fileformat']);
unset($info['ogg']);
return false;
}
$filedata = $this->fread($oggpageinfo['page_length']);
$filedataoffset = 0;
if (substr($filedata, 0, 4) == 'fLaC') {
$info['audio']['dataformat'] = 'flac';
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'vbr';
$info['audio']['lossless'] = true;
} elseif (substr($filedata, 1, 6) == 'vorbis') {
$this->ParseVorbisPageHeader($filedata, $filedataoffset, $oggpageinfo);
} elseif (substr($filedata, 0, 8) == 'OpusHead') {
if ($this->ParseOpusPageHeader($filedata, $filedataoffset, $oggpageinfo) === false) {
return false;
}
} elseif (substr($filedata, 0, 8) == 'Speex ') {
// http://www.speex.org/manual/node10.html
$info['audio']['dataformat'] = 'speex';
$info['mime_type'] = 'audio/speex';
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'abr';
$info['audio']['lossless'] = false;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['speex_string'] = substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8); // hard-coded to 'Speex '
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['speex_version'] = substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 20);
$filedataoffset += 20;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['speex_version_id'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['header_size'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['rate'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['mode'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['mode_bitstream_version'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['nb_channels'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['bitrate'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['framesize'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['vbr'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['frames_per_packet'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['extra_headers'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['reserved1'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['reserved2'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['speex']['speex_version'] = trim($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['speex_version']);
$info['speex']['sample_rate'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['rate'];
$info['speex']['channels'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['nb_channels'];
$info['speex']['vbr'] = (bool) $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['vbr'];
$info['speex']['band_type'] = $this->SpeexBandModeLookup($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['mode']);
$info['audio']['sample_rate'] = $info['speex']['sample_rate'];
$info['audio']['channels'] = $info['speex']['channels'];
if ($info['speex']['vbr']) {
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'vbr';
}
} elseif (substr($filedata, 0, 7) == "\x80".'theora') {
// http://www.theora.org/doc/Theora.pdf (section 6.2)
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['theora_magic'] = substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 7); // hard-coded to "\x80.'theora'
$filedataoffset += 7;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['version_major'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['version_minor'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['version_revision'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_width_macroblocks'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
$filedataoffset += 2;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_height_macroblocks'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
$filedataoffset += 2;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['resolution_x'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 3));
$filedataoffset += 3;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['resolution_y'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 3));
$filedataoffset += 3;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['picture_offset_x'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['picture_offset_y'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_rate_numerator'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_rate_denominator'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_aspect_numerator'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 3));
$filedataoffset += 3;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_aspect_denominator'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 3));
$filedataoffset += 3;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['color_space_id'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['nominal_bitrate'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 3));
$filedataoffset += 3;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['flags'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
$filedataoffset += 2;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['quality'] = ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['flags'] & 0xFC00) >> 10;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['kfg_shift'] = ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['flags'] & 0x03E0) >> 5;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_format_id'] = ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['flags'] & 0x0018) >> 3;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['reserved'] = ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['flags'] & 0x0007) >> 0; // should be 0
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['color_space'] = self::TheoraColorSpace($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['color_space_id']);
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_format'] = self::TheoraPixelFormat($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_format_id']);
$info['video']['dataformat'] = 'theora';
$info['mime_type'] = 'video/ogg';
//$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'abr';
//$info['audio']['lossless'] = false;
$info['video']['resolution_x'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['resolution_x'];
$info['video']['resolution_y'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['resolution_y'];
if ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_rate_denominator'] > 0) {
$info['video']['frame_rate'] = (float) $info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_rate_numerator'] / $info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['frame_rate_denominator'];
}
if ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_aspect_denominator'] > 0) {
$info['video']['pixel_aspect_ratio'] = (float) $info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_aspect_numerator'] / $info['ogg']['pageheader']['theora']['pixel_aspect_denominator'];
}
$this->warning('Ogg Theora (v3) not fully supported in this version of getID3 ['.$this->getid3->version().'] -- bitrate, playtime and all audio data are currently unavailable');
} elseif (substr($filedata, 0, 8) == "fishead\x00") {
// Ogg Skeleton version 3.0 Format Specification
// http://xiph.org/ogg/doc/skeleton.html
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['version_major'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
$filedataoffset += 2;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['version_minor'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
$filedataoffset += 2;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['presentationtime_numerator'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['presentationtime_denominator'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['basetime_numerator'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['basetime_denominator'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['utc'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 20));
$filedataoffset += 20;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['version'] = $info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['version_major'].'.'.$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['version_minor'];
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['presentationtime'] = getid3_lib::SafeDiv($info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['presentationtime_numerator'], $info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['presentationtime_denominator']);
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['basetime'] = getid3_lib::SafeDiv($info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['basetime_numerator'], $info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['basetime_denominator']);
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['utc'] = $info['ogg']['skeleton']['fishead']['raw']['utc'];
$counter = 0;
do {
$oggpageinfo = $this->ParseOggPageHeader();
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno'].'.'.$counter++] = $oggpageinfo;
$filedata = $this->fread($oggpageinfo['page_length']);
$this->fseek($oggpageinfo['page_end_offset']);
if (substr($filedata, 0, 8) == "fisbone\x00") {
$filedataoffset = 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['message_header_offset'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['serial_number'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['number_header_packets'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['granulerate_numerator'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['granulerate_denominator'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['basegranule'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['preroll'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['granuleshift'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['skeleton']['fisbone']['raw']['padding'] = substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 3);
$filedataoffset += 3;
} elseif (substr($filedata, 1, 6) == 'theora') {
$info['video']['dataformat'] = 'theora1';
$this->error('Ogg Theora (v1) not correctly handled in this version of getID3 ['.$this->getid3->version().']');
//break;
} elseif (substr($filedata, 1, 6) == 'vorbis') {
$this->ParseVorbisPageHeader($filedata, $filedataoffset, $oggpageinfo);
} else {
$this->error('unexpected');
//break;
}
//} while ($oggpageinfo['page_seqno'] == 0);
} while (($oggpageinfo['page_seqno'] == 0) && (substr($filedata, 0, 8) != "fisbone\x00"));
$this->fseek($oggpageinfo['page_start_offset']);
$this->error('Ogg Skeleton not correctly handled in this version of getID3 ['.$this->getid3->version().']');
//return false;
} elseif (substr($filedata, 0, 5) == "\x7F".'FLAC') {
// https://xiph.org/flac/ogg_mapping.html
$info['audio']['dataformat'] = 'flac';
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'vbr';
$info['audio']['lossless'] = true;
$info['ogg']['flac']['header']['version_major'] = ord(substr($filedata, 5, 1));
$info['ogg']['flac']['header']['version_minor'] = ord(substr($filedata, 6, 1));
$info['ogg']['flac']['header']['header_packets'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, 7, 2)) + 1; // "A two-byte, big-endian binary number signifying the number of header (non-audio) packets, not including this one. This number may be zero (0x0000) to signify 'unknown' but be aware that some decoders may not be able to handle such streams."
$info['ogg']['flac']['header']['magic'] = substr($filedata, 9, 4);
if ($info['ogg']['flac']['header']['magic'] != 'fLaC') {
$this->error('Ogg-FLAC expecting "fLaC", found "'.$info['ogg']['flac']['header']['magic'].'" ('.trim(getid3_lib::PrintHexBytes($info['ogg']['flac']['header']['magic'])).')');
return false;
}
$info['ogg']['flac']['header']['STREAMINFO_bytes'] = getid3_lib::BigEndian2Int(substr($filedata, 13, 4));
$info['flac']['STREAMINFO'] = getid3_flac::parseSTREAMINFOdata(substr($filedata, 17, 34));
if (!empty($info['flac']['STREAMINFO']['sample_rate'])) {
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'vbr';
$info['audio']['sample_rate'] = $info['flac']['STREAMINFO']['sample_rate'];
$info['audio']['channels'] = $info['flac']['STREAMINFO']['channels'];
$info['audio']['bits_per_sample'] = $info['flac']['STREAMINFO']['bits_per_sample'];
$info['playtime_seconds'] = getid3_lib::SafeDiv($info['flac']['STREAMINFO']['samples_stream'], $info['flac']['STREAMINFO']['sample_rate']);
}
} else {
$this->error('Expecting one of "vorbis", "Speex", "OpusHead", "vorbis", "fishhead", "theora", "fLaC" identifier strings, found "'.substr($filedata, 0, 8).'"');
unset($info['ogg']);
unset($info['mime_type']);
return false;
}
// Page 2 - Comment Header
$oggpageinfo = $this->ParseOggPageHeader();
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']] = $oggpageinfo;
switch ($info['audio']['dataformat']) {
case 'vorbis':
$filedata = $this->fread($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_length']);
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['packet_type'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, 0, 1));
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['stream_type'] = substr($filedata, 1, 6); // hard-coded to 'vorbis'
$this->ParseVorbisComments();
break;
case 'flac':
$flac = new getid3_flac($this->getid3);
if (!$flac->parseMETAdata()) {
$this->error('Failed to parse FLAC headers');
return false;
}
unset($flac);
break;
case 'speex':
$this->fseek($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_length'], SEEK_CUR);
$this->ParseVorbisComments();
break;
case 'opus':
$filedata = $this->fread($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_length']);
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['stream_type'] = substr($filedata, 0, 8); // hard-coded to 'OpusTags'
if(substr($filedata, 0, 8) != 'OpusTags') {
$this->error('Expected "OpusTags" as header but got "'.substr($filedata, 0, 8).'"');
return false;
}
$this->ParseVorbisComments();
break;
}
// Last Page - Number of Samples
if (!getid3_lib::intValueSupported($info['avdataend'])) {
$this->warning('Unable to parse Ogg end chunk file (PHP does not support file operations beyond '.round(PHP_INT_MAX / 1073741824).'GB)');
} else {
$this->fseek(max($info['avdataend'] - $this->getid3->fread_buffer_size(), 0));
$LastChunkOfOgg = strrev($this->fread($this->getid3->fread_buffer_size()));
if ($LastOggSpostion = strpos($LastChunkOfOgg, 'SggO')) {
$this->fseek($info['avdataend'] - ($LastOggSpostion + strlen('SggO')));
$info['avdataend'] = $this->ftell();
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['eos'] = $this->ParseOggPageHeader();
$info['ogg']['samples'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader']['eos']['pcm_abs_position'];
if ($info['ogg']['samples'] == 0) {
$this->error('Corrupt Ogg file: eos.number of samples == zero');
return false;
}
if (!empty($info['audio']['sample_rate'])) {
$info['ogg']['bitrate_average'] = (($info['avdataend'] - $info['avdataoffset']) * 8) * $info['audio']['sample_rate'] / $info['ogg']['samples'];
}
}
}
if (!empty($info['ogg']['bitrate_average'])) {
$info['audio']['bitrate'] = $info['ogg']['bitrate_average'];
} elseif (!empty($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'])) {
$info['audio']['bitrate'] = $info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'];
} elseif (!empty($info['ogg']['bitrate_min']) && !empty($info['ogg']['bitrate_max'])) {
$info['audio']['bitrate'] = ($info['ogg']['bitrate_min'] + $info['ogg']['bitrate_max']) / 2;
}
if (isset($info['audio']['bitrate']) && !isset($info['playtime_seconds'])) {
if ($info['audio']['bitrate'] == 0) {
$this->error('Corrupt Ogg file: bitrate_audio == zero');
return false;
}
$info['playtime_seconds'] = (float) ((($info['avdataend'] - $info['avdataoffset']) * 8) / $info['audio']['bitrate']);
}
if (isset($info['ogg']['vendor'])) {
$info['audio']['encoder'] = preg_replace('/^Encoded with /', '', $info['ogg']['vendor']);
// Vorbis only
if ($info['audio']['dataformat'] == 'vorbis') {
// Vorbis 1.0 starts with Xiph.Org
if (preg_match('/^Xiph.Org/', $info['audio']['encoder'])) {
if ($info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] == 'abr') {
// Set -b 128 on abr files
$info['audio']['encoder_options'] = '-b '.round($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'] / 1000);
} elseif (($info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] == 'vbr') && ($info['audio']['channels'] == 2) && ($info['audio']['sample_rate'] >= 44100) && ($info['audio']['sample_rate'] <= 48000)) {
// Set -q N on vbr files
$info['audio']['encoder_options'] = '-q '.$this->get_quality_from_nominal_bitrate($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal']);
}
}
if (empty($info['audio']['encoder_options']) && !empty($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'])) {
$info['audio']['encoder_options'] = 'Nominal bitrate: '.intval(round($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'] / 1000)).'kbps';
}
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* @param string $filedata
* @param int $filedataoffset
* @param array $oggpageinfo
*
* @return bool
*/
public function ParseVorbisPageHeader(&$filedata, &$filedataoffset, &$oggpageinfo) {
$info = &$this->getid3->info;
$info['audio']['dataformat'] = 'vorbis';
$info['audio']['lossless'] = false;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['packet_type'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['stream_type'] = substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 6); // hard-coded to 'vorbis'
$filedataoffset += 6;
$info['ogg']['bitstreamversion'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['numberofchannels'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['audio']['channels'] = $info['ogg']['numberofchannels'];
$info['ogg']['samplerate'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
if ($info['ogg']['samplerate'] == 0) {
$this->error('Corrupt Ogg file: sample rate == zero');
return false;
}
$info['audio']['sample_rate'] = $info['ogg']['samplerate'];
$info['ogg']['samples'] = 0; // filled in later
$info['ogg']['bitrate_average'] = 0; // filled in later
$info['ogg']['bitrate_max'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['bitrate_min'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['blocksize_small'] = pow(2, getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1)) & 0x0F);
$info['ogg']['blocksize_large'] = pow(2, (getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1)) & 0xF0) >> 4);
$info['ogg']['stop_bit'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1)); // must be 1, marks end of packet
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'vbr'; // overridden if actually abr
if ($info['ogg']['bitrate_max'] == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
unset($info['ogg']['bitrate_max']);
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'abr';
}
if ($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal'] == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
unset($info['ogg']['bitrate_nominal']);
}
if ($info['ogg']['bitrate_min'] == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
unset($info['ogg']['bitrate_min']);
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'abr';
}
return true;
}
/**
* @link http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-codec-oggopus-03
*
* @param string $filedata
* @param int $filedataoffset
* @param array $oggpageinfo
*
* @return bool
*/
public function ParseOpusPageHeader(&$filedata, &$filedataoffset, &$oggpageinfo) {
$info = &$this->getid3->info;
$info['audio']['dataformat'] = 'opus';
$info['mime_type'] = 'audio/ogg; codecs=opus';
/** @todo find a usable way to detect abr (vbr that is padded to be abr) */
$info['audio']['bitrate_mode'] = 'vbr';
$info['audio']['lossless'] = false;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['opus_magic'] = substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8); // hard-coded to 'OpusHead'
$filedataoffset += 8;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['version'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
if ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['version'] < 1 || $info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['version'] > 15) {
$this->error('Unknown opus version number (only accepting 1-15)');
return false;
}
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['out_channel_count'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
if ($info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['out_channel_count'] == 0) {
$this->error('Invalid channel count in opus header (must not be zero)');
return false;
}
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['pre_skip'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
$filedataoffset += 2;
$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['input_sample_rate'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
//$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['output_gain'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 2));
//$filedataoffset += 2;
//$info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['channel_mapping_family'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
//$filedataoffset += 1;
$info['opus']['opus_version'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['version'];
$info['opus']['sample_rate_input'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['input_sample_rate'];
$info['opus']['out_channel_count'] = $info['ogg']['pageheader']['opus']['out_channel_count'];
$info['audio']['channels'] = $info['opus']['out_channel_count'];
$info['audio']['sample_rate_input'] = $info['opus']['sample_rate_input'];
$info['audio']['sample_rate'] = 48000; // "All Opus audio is coded at 48 kHz, and should also be decoded at 48 kHz for playback (unless the target hardware does not support this sampling rate). However, this field may be used to resample the audio back to the original sampling rate, for example, when saving the output to a file." -- https://mf4.xiph.org/jenkins/view/opus/job/opusfile-unix/ws/doc/html/structOpusHead.html
return true;
}
/**
* @return array|false
*/
public function ParseOggPageHeader() {
// http://xiph.org/ogg/vorbis/doc/framing.html
$oggheader = array();
$oggheader['page_start_offset'] = $this->ftell(); // where we started from in the file
$filedata = $this->fread($this->getid3->fread_buffer_size());
$filedataoffset = 0;
while (substr($filedata, $filedataoffset++, 4) != 'OggS') {
if (($this->ftell() - $oggheader['page_start_offset']) >= $this->getid3->fread_buffer_size()) {
// should be found before here
return false;
}
if (($filedataoffset + 28) > strlen($filedata)) {
if ($this->feof() || (($filedata .= $this->fread($this->getid3->fread_buffer_size())) === '')) {
// get some more data, unless eof, in which case fail
return false;
}
}
}
$filedataoffset += strlen('OggS') - 1; // page, delimited by 'OggS'
$oggheader['stream_structver'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$oggheader['flags_raw'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$oggheader['flags']['fresh'] = (bool) ($oggheader['flags_raw'] & 0x01); // fresh packet
$oggheader['flags']['bos'] = (bool) ($oggheader['flags_raw'] & 0x02); // first page of logical bitstream (bos)
$oggheader['flags']['eos'] = (bool) ($oggheader['flags_raw'] & 0x04); // last page of logical bitstream (eos)
$oggheader['pcm_abs_position'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 8));
$filedataoffset += 8;
$oggheader['stream_serialno'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$oggheader['page_seqno'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$oggheader['page_checksum'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 4));
$filedataoffset += 4;
$oggheader['page_segments'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$oggheader['page_length'] = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i < $oggheader['page_segments']; $i++) {
$oggheader['segment_table'][$i] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($filedata, $filedataoffset, 1));
$filedataoffset += 1;
$oggheader['page_length'] += $oggheader['segment_table'][$i];
}
$oggheader['header_end_offset'] = $oggheader['page_start_offset'] + $filedataoffset;
$oggheader['page_end_offset'] = $oggheader['header_end_offset'] + $oggheader['page_length'];
$this->fseek($oggheader['header_end_offset']);
return $oggheader;
}
/**
* @link http://xiph.org/vorbis/doc/Vorbis_I_spec.html#x1-810005
*
* @return bool
*/
public function ParseVorbisComments() {
$info = &$this->getid3->info;
$OriginalOffset = $this->ftell();
$commentdata = null;
$commentdataoffset = 0;
$VorbisCommentPage = 1;
$CommentStartOffset = 0;
switch ($info['audio']['dataformat']) {
case 'vorbis':
case 'speex':
case 'opus':
$CommentStartOffset = $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$VorbisCommentPage]['page_start_offset']; // Second Ogg page, after header block
$this->fseek($CommentStartOffset);
$commentdataoffset = 27 + $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$VorbisCommentPage]['page_segments'];
$commentdata = $this->fread(self::OggPageSegmentLength($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$VorbisCommentPage], 1) + $commentdataoffset);
if ($info['audio']['dataformat'] == 'vorbis') {
$commentdataoffset += (strlen('vorbis') + 1);
}
else if ($info['audio']['dataformat'] == 'opus') {
$commentdataoffset += strlen('OpusTags');
}
break;
case 'flac':
$CommentStartOffset = $info['flac']['VORBIS_COMMENT']['raw']['offset'] + 4;
$this->fseek($CommentStartOffset);
$commentdata = $this->fread($info['flac']['VORBIS_COMMENT']['raw']['block_length']);
break;
default:
return false;
}
$VendorSize = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset, 4));
$commentdataoffset += 4;
$info['ogg']['vendor'] = substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset, $VendorSize);
$commentdataoffset += $VendorSize;
$CommentsCount = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset, 4));
$commentdataoffset += 4;
$info['avdataoffset'] = $CommentStartOffset + $commentdataoffset;
$basicfields = array('TITLE', 'ARTIST', 'ALBUM', 'TRACKNUMBER', 'GENRE', 'DATE', 'DESCRIPTION', 'COMMENT');
$ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw = &$info['ogg']['comments_raw'];
for ($i = 0; $i < $CommentsCount; $i++) {
if ($i >= 10000) {
// https://github.com/owncloud/music/issues/212#issuecomment-43082336
$this->warning('Unexpectedly large number ('.$CommentsCount.') of Ogg comments - breaking after reading '.$i.' comments');
break;
}
$ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['dataoffset'] = $CommentStartOffset + $commentdataoffset;
if ($this->ftell() < ($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['dataoffset'] + 4)) {
if ($oggpageinfo = $this->ParseOggPageHeader()) {
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']] = $oggpageinfo;
$VorbisCommentPage++;
// First, save what we haven't read yet
$AsYetUnusedData = substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset);
// Then take that data off the end
$commentdata = substr($commentdata, 0, $commentdataoffset);
// Add [headerlength] bytes of dummy data for the Ogg Page Header, just to keep absolute offsets correct
$commentdata .= str_repeat("\x00", 27 + $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_segments']);
$commentdataoffset += (27 + $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_segments']);
// Finally, stick the unused data back on the end
$commentdata .= $AsYetUnusedData;
//$commentdata .= $this->fread($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_length']);
$commentdata .= $this->fread($this->OggPageSegmentLength($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$VorbisCommentPage], 1));
}
}
$ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size'] = getid3_lib::LittleEndian2Int(substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset, 4));
// replace avdataoffset with position just after the last vorbiscomment
$info['avdataoffset'] = $ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['dataoffset'] + $ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size'] + 4;
$commentdataoffset += 4;
while ((strlen($commentdata) - $commentdataoffset) < $ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size']) {
if (($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size'] > $info['avdataend']) || ($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size'] < 0)) {
$this->warning('Invalid Ogg comment size (comment #'.$i.', claims to be '.number_format($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size']).' bytes) - aborting reading comments');
break 2;
}
$VorbisCommentPage++;
if ($oggpageinfo = $this->ParseOggPageHeader()) {
$info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']] = $oggpageinfo;
// First, save what we haven't read yet
$AsYetUnusedData = substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset);
// Then take that data off the end
$commentdata = substr($commentdata, 0, $commentdataoffset);
// Add [headerlength] bytes of dummy data for the Ogg Page Header, just to keep absolute offsets correct
$commentdata .= str_repeat("\x00", 27 + $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_segments']);
$commentdataoffset += (27 + $info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_segments']);
// Finally, stick the unused data back on the end
$commentdata .= $AsYetUnusedData;
//$commentdata .= $this->fread($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$oggpageinfo['page_seqno']]['page_length']);
if (!isset($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$VorbisCommentPage])) {
$this->warning('undefined Vorbis Comment page "'.$VorbisCommentPage.'" at offset '.$this->ftell());
break;
}
$readlength = self::OggPageSegmentLength($info['ogg']['pageheader'][$VorbisCommentPage], 1);
if ($readlength <= 0) {
$this->warning('invalid length Vorbis Comment page "'.$VorbisCommentPage.'" at offset '.$this->ftell());
break;
}
$commentdata .= $this->fread($readlength);
//$filebaseoffset += $oggpageinfo['header_end_offset'] - $oggpageinfo['page_start_offset'];
} else {
$this->warning('failed to ParseOggPageHeader() at offset '.$this->ftell());
break;
}
}
$ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['offset'] = $commentdataoffset;
$commentstring = substr($commentdata, $commentdataoffset, $ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size']);
$commentdataoffset += $ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['size'];
if (!$commentstring) {
// no comment?
$this->warning('Blank Ogg comment ['.$i.']');
} elseif (strstr($commentstring, '=')) {
$commentexploded = explode('=', $commentstring, 2);
$ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['key'] = strtoupper($commentexploded[0]);
$ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['value'] = (isset($commentexploded[1]) ? $commentexploded[1] : '');
if ($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['key'] == 'METADATA_BLOCK_PICTURE') {
// http://wiki.xiph.org/VorbisComment#METADATA_BLOCK_PICTURE
// The unencoded format is that of the FLAC picture block. The fields are stored in big endian order as in FLAC, picture data is stored according to the relevant standard.
// http://flac.sourceforge.net/format.html#metadata_block_picture
$flac = new getid3_flac($this->getid3);
$flac->setStringMode(base64_decode($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['value']));
$flac->parsePICTURE();
$info['ogg']['comments']['picture'][] = $flac->getid3->info['flac']['PICTURE'][0];
unset($flac);
} elseif ($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['key'] == 'COVERART') {
$data = base64_decode($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['value']);
$this->notice('Found deprecated COVERART tag, it should be replaced in honor of METADATA_BLOCK_PICTURE structure');
/** @todo use 'coverartmime' where available */
$imageinfo = getid3_lib::GetDataImageSize($data);
if ($imageinfo === false || !isset($imageinfo['mime'])) {
$this->warning('COVERART vorbiscomment tag contains invalid image');
continue;
}
$ogg = new self($this->getid3);
$ogg->setStringMode($data);
$info['ogg']['comments']['picture'][] = array(
'image_mime' => $imageinfo['mime'],
'datalength' => strlen($data),
'picturetype' => 'cover art',
'image_height' => $imageinfo['height'],
'image_width' => $imageinfo['width'],
'data' => $ogg->saveAttachment('coverart', 0, strlen($data), $imageinfo['mime']),
);
unset($ogg);
} else {
$info['ogg']['comments'][strtolower($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['key'])][] = $ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]['value'];
}
} else {
$this->warning('[known problem with CDex >= v1.40, < v1.50b7] Invalid Ogg comment name/value pair ['.$i.']: '.$commentstring);
}
unset($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw[$i]);
}
unset($ThisFileInfo_ogg_comments_raw);
// Replay Gain Adjustment
// http://privatewww.essex.ac.uk/~djmrob/replaygain/
if (isset($info['ogg']['comments']) && is_array($info['ogg']['comments'])) {
foreach ($info['ogg']['comments'] as $index => $commentvalue) {
switch ($index) {
case 'rg_audiophile':
case 'replaygain_album_gain':
$info['replay_gain']['album']['adjustment'] = (double) $commentvalue[0];
unset($info['ogg']['comments'][$index]);
break;
case 'rg_radio':
case 'replaygain_track_gain':
$info['replay_gain']['track']['adjustment'] = (double) $commentvalue[0];
unset($info['ogg']['comments'][$index]);
break;
case 'replaygain_album_peak':
$info['replay_gain']['album']['peak'] = (double) $commentvalue[0];
unset($info['ogg']['comments'][$index]);
break;
case 'rg_peak':
case 'replaygain_track_peak':
$info['replay_gain']['track']['peak'] = (double) $commentvalue[0];
unset($info['ogg']['comments'][$index]);
break;
case 'replaygain_reference_loudness':
$info['replay_gain']['reference_volume'] = (double) $commentvalue[0];
unset($info['ogg']['comments'][$index]);
break;
default:
// do nothing
break;
}
}
}
$this->fseek($OriginalOffset);
return true;
}
/**
* @param int $mode
*
* @return string|null
*/
public static function SpeexBandModeLookup($mode) {
static $SpeexBandModeLookup = array();
if (empty($SpeexBandModeLookup)) {
$SpeexBandModeLookup[0] = 'narrow';
$SpeexBandModeLookup[1] = 'wide';
$SpeexBandModeLookup[2] = 'ultra-wide';
}
return (isset($SpeexBandModeLookup[$mode]) ? $SpeexBandModeLookup[$mode] : null);
}
/**
* @param array $OggInfoArray
* @param int $SegmentNumber
*
* @return int
*/
public static function OggPageSegmentLength($OggInfoArray, $SegmentNumber=1) {
$segmentlength = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i < $SegmentNumber; $i++) {
$segmentlength = 0;
foreach ($OggInfoArray['segment_table'] as $key => $value) {
$segmentlength += $value;
if ($value < 255) {
break;
}
}
}
return $segmentlength;
}
/**
* @param int $nominal_bitrate
*
* @return float
*/
public static function get_quality_from_nominal_bitrate($nominal_bitrate) {
// decrease precision
$nominal_bitrate = $nominal_bitrate / 1000;
if ($nominal_bitrate < 128) {
// q-1 to q4
$qval = ($nominal_bitrate - 64) / 16;
} elseif ($nominal_bitrate < 256) {
// q4 to q8
$qval = $nominal_bitrate / 32;
} elseif ($nominal_bitrate < 320) {
// q8 to q9
$qval = ($nominal_bitrate + 256) / 64;
} else {
// q9 to q10
$qval = ($nominal_bitrate + 1300) / 180;
}
//return $qval; // 5.031324
//return intval($qval); // 5
return round($qval, 1); // 5 or 4.9
}
/**
* @param int $colorspace_id
*
* @return string|null
*/
public static function TheoraColorSpace($colorspace_id) {
// http://www.theora.org/doc/Theora.pdf (table 6.3)
static $TheoraColorSpaceLookup = array();
if (empty($TheoraColorSpaceLookup)) {
$TheoraColorSpaceLookup[0] = 'Undefined';
$TheoraColorSpaceLookup[1] = 'Rec. 470M';
$TheoraColorSpaceLookup[2] = 'Rec. 470BG';
$TheoraColorSpaceLookup[3] = 'Reserved';
}
return (isset($TheoraColorSpaceLookup[$colorspace_id]) ? $TheoraColorSpaceLookup[$colorspace_id] : null);
}
/**
* @param int $pixelformat_id
*
* @return string|null
*/
public static function TheoraPixelFormat($pixelformat_id) {
// http://www.theora.org/doc/Theora.pdf (table 6.4)
static $TheoraPixelFormatLookup = array();
if (empty($TheoraPixelFormatLookup)) {
$TheoraPixelFormatLookup[0] = '4:2:0';
$TheoraPixelFormatLookup[1] = 'Reserved';
$TheoraPixelFormatLookup[2] = '4:2:2';
$TheoraPixelFormatLookup[3] = '4:4:4';
}
return (isset($TheoraPixelFormatLookup[$pixelformat_id]) ? $TheoraPixelFormatLookup[$pixelformat_id] : null);
}
}
العاب العالم الرقمي تدفع الأطفال إلى تقمص الهويات الزائفة – tahkoom.com
كتبت ميرنا أشرف
في عصر اصبحت تتداخل فيه الطفولة مع التكنولوجيا بشكل غير مسبوق، لم يعد الكذب مجرّد سلوك مرفوض، بل تحول لدى بعض الأطفال إلى وسيلة مبررة للوصول إلى أهدافهم الالكترونية. فمع الانتشار الواسع للألعاب الإلكترونية ومواقع التواصل، اصبح من الشائع أن يتقمص الطفل شخصية وهمية، أو يستخدم حسابًا مزيفًا، أو يزود عمره لتجاوز شروط الاستخدام، هذه السلوكيات التي قد تبدو بسيطة أو عابرة، تحمل في داخلها تغيّراً عميقًا في مفاهيم الصدق والأخلاق لدى الاطفال .
هل أصبحت الهوية المزيفة لعبة بريئة أم بداية لانحراف القيم؟
أوضحت كنوز أشرف، أخصائية اجتماعية، أن العديد من الألعاب الحديثة، وخاصة ألعاب الفيديو، لم تعد مجرد وسيلة للترفيه، بل أصبحت تُسهم بشكل مباشر في غرس سلوكيات سلبية لدى الأطفال والمراهقين، مثل الكذب والعنف. وتابعت، أن الهوية المزيفة لم تعد تُستخدم كلعبة بريئة، بل تحولت إلى وسيلة قد تترك أثرًا عميقًا على التكوين الأخلاقي والنفسي للأطفال، مما يستدعي الانتباه لتأثير هذه الألعاب على شخصياتهم وقيمهم، ففي العديد من الألعاب الشهيرة مثل ببجي وفري فاير، يُدفع اللاعب إلى تقمص شخصيات عدوانية، واستخدام الحيلة والخداع للفوز، مما قد ينعكس على سلوكياتهم في الحياة الواقعية .
تابعت، ورغم أن البعض يرى فيها وسيلة للترفيه أو تنمية المهارات، إلا أن الاستخدام غير الواعي وغياب الرقابة الأبوية يحوّلها إلى خطر حقيقي يهدد منظومة القيم والسلوك.
اما بالنسبة للكذب الإلكتروني فقد بينت أشرف، أنه اصبح أسهل بكثير من الكذب في الواقع خاصة بالنسبة للأطفال، الذين يجدون في العالم الالكتروني مساحة مفتوحة للتلاعب بالحقائق دون مواجهة عواقب مباشرة،
يبرر الأطفال هذا النوع من الكذب غالبًا برغبتهم في الوصول إلى هدف معين، لا تسمح لهم أعمارهم الحقيقية باكتشافه. فمعظم الألعاب الإلكترونية، يوجد بها سياسات عمرية محددة، تفرض قيودًا على الفئات الأصغر سنًا. ونتيجة لذلك، يلجأ كثير من الأطفال إلى تغيير أعمارهم وتقديم معلومات غير صحيحة من أجل تجاوز هذه القيود والدخول إلى عالم اللعبة، موضحه أنه في نظرهم، هذا الخداع لا يُعد كذبًا حقيقيًا، بل مجرد وسيلة لتحقيق غاية ترفيهية. غير أن هذا السلوك، رغم بساطته في الظاهر، يعكس بداية اتجاه نحو تبرير الكذب، مما يستدعي من الاسرة المربية أن توعي الأطفال بخطورة الأمر .
واتفق معها في الرأي هشام عبدالعال أستاذ الحاسب الآلي، علي أن الكذب الإلكتروني أسهل غالبًا لأنه يفتقر إلى التفاعل المباشر، مما يقلل الشعور بالذنب أو الخوف من العقاب الفوري. الأطفال قد يبررونه بأنه مجرد لعبة أو شيء لا يراه أحد، فهم لا يشعرون بنفس الوزن الأخلاقي للكذب عندما يكون خلف شاشة
أضاف عبد العال، التكنولوجيا قد تتيح للأطفال مساحة لتجربة الكذب دون عواقب مباشرة، خصوصًا في البيئات الرقمية حيث تقل الرقابة، وتغيب المواجهة وجهًا لوجه. فمثلًا: يمكن للطفل أن يُنشئ حسابًا باسم مستعار أو عمر غير حقيقي .
تأثير ألعاب الفيديو ومواقع التواصل على إدراك الطفل للصدق والقيم
و من جانبها أكدت أشرف، أن ألعاب الفيديو ومواقع التواصل الاجتماعي تنعكس بشكل مباشر على إدراك الطفل للصدق، وفهمه لهويته، وتشكُّل منظومة القيم لديه. فالطفل الذي يدخل إلى هذا العالم الرقمي، غالبًا ما يجد نفسه داخل بيئة غير مألوفة، بل مجتمع مظلم، لا يملك أدوات كافية لفهمه أو التفاعل معه بوعي .
اضافت أشرف، أنه عبر مواقع التواصل، يتعرض الأطفال يوميًا لألفاظ وسلوكيات غير لائقة، تبدأ بالكذب وتمتد إلى العنف والتنمر، خاصة التنمر الإلكتروني الذي اصبح ظاهرة منتشرة .
أما ألعاب الفيديو تابعت أشرف، فهي لا تقل خطورة، إذ تقدم محتوى يحتوي علي العدوانية ويكافئ الخداع لتحقيق الفوز. هذه التجارب المتكررة ترسخ مفاهيم مشوشة لدى الطفل، تجعل من الكذب وسيلة مقبولة، ومن التنمر سلوك طبيعي، مما يؤدي إلى خلل واضح في البناء القيمي لسلوك شخصيه الطفل .
العالم الرقمي أصبح جزءًا من حياة الأطفال اليومية، ويؤثر في سلوكهم وقيمهم. لذلك، من الضروري تعليمهم أخلاقيات الإنترنت كما نعلمهم الصدق في الواقع، مع وجود سياسات واضحة ورقابة أسرية صارمة تحميهم من الكذب، التنمر، والمحتوى الضار .
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