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/home/tahkoom/public_html/wp-content/plugins/complianz-gdpr/cookie/class-cookie.php
<?php defined( 'ABSPATH' ) or die( "you do not have access to this page!" );
if ( ! class_exists( "CMPLZ_COOKIE" ) ) {
	/**
	 * All properties are public, because otherwise the empty check on a property fails, and requires an intermediate variable assignment.
	 * https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16918973/php-emptystring-return-true-but-string-is-not-empty
	 */
	class CMPLZ_COOKIE {
		public $ID = false;
		public $object = false;
		public $name;

		/**
		 * Sync should the cookie stay in sync or not
		 *
		 * @var bool
		 */
		public $sync = true;

		/**
		 * Retention period
		 *
		 * @var string
		 */
		public $retention;
		public $type;
		public $service;
		public $serviceID;
		public $collectedPersonalData;
		public $cookieFunction;
		public $purpose;
		public $isTranslationFrom;
		public $lastUpdatedDate;
		public $lastAddDate;
		public $firstAddDate;
		public $synced;
		public $complete;
		public $slug = '';
		public $old;
		public $domain;
		public $isOwnDomainCookie = false;

		/**
		 * in CDB, we can mark a cookie as not relevant to users.
		 *
		 * @var int
		 */
		private $ignored;
		/**
		 * we do not actually delete it , otherwise it would be found on next run again
		 *
		 * @var
		 */
		public $deleted;
		/**
		 * give user the possibility to hide a cookie
		 *
		 * @var bool
		 */
		public $showOnPolicy = true;
		public $isMembersOnly;
		private $languages;
		public $language;

		function __construct( $name = false, $language = 'en', $service_name = false ) {
			if ( is_object($name) ){
				$this->name = $name->name;
				$this->ID = $name->ID;
				//after the sync, we are still missing the purpose in the objects. We load the cookie from the database to get the purpose.
				if ( !empty($name->purpose) ) {
					$this->object = $name;
				}
			} else if ( is_numeric( $name ) ) {
				$this->ID = (int) $name;
			} else {
				$this->name = $this->sanitize_cookie( $name );
			}

			$this->language = cmplz_sanitize_language( $language );
			if ( $service_name ) {
				$this->service = $service_name;
			}

			if ( $this->name !== false ) {
				//initialize the cookie with this id.
				$this->get();
			}
		}

		/**
		 * Add a new cookie for each passed language.
		 *
		 * @param             $name
		 * @param array       $languages
		 * @param string|bool $return_language
		 * @param bool        $service_name
		 * @param bool        $sync_on
		 *
		 * @return bool|int cookie_id
		 */

		public function add(
			$name, $languages = array( 'en' ), $return_language = false, $service_name = false, bool $sync_on = true
		) {
			//don't add cookies with the site url in the name
			if ( strpos($name, site_url())!==false ) {
				return false;
			}

			if ( !cmplz_user_can_manage() ) {
				return 0;
			}

			$this->name = $this->sanitize_cookie( $name );

			//the parent cookie gets "en" as default language
			$this->language = 'en';
			$return_id      = 0;
			$this->languages = cmplz_sanitize_languages( $languages );

			//check if there is a parent cookie for this name
			$this->get( true );
			//if no ID is found, insert  in the database
			if ( ! $this->ID ) {
				$this->service      = $service_name;
				$this->sync         = $sync_on;
				$this->showOnPolicy = true;
			}

			//we save, to update previous, but also to make sure last add date is saved.
			$this->lastAddDate = time();
			$this->save();

			//we now should have an ID, which will be the parent item
			$parent_ID = $this->ID;

			if ( $return_language === 'en' ) {
				$return_id = $this->ID;
			}

			//make sure each language is available
			foreach ( $this->languages as $language ) {
				if ( $language === 'en' ) {
					continue;
				}
				$translated_cookie = new CMPLZ_COOKIE( $name, $language, $service_name );
				if ( ! $translated_cookie->ID ) {
					$translated_cookie->sync         = $sync_on;
					$translated_cookie->showOnPolicy = true;
				}
				$translated_cookie->domain            = $this->domain;
				$translated_cookie->isTranslationFrom = $parent_ID;
				$translated_cookie->service           = $service_name;
				$translated_cookie->lastAddDate       = time();
				$translated_cookie->save();
				if ( $return_language && $language === $return_language ) {
					$return_id = $translated_cookie->ID;
				}

			}

			return $return_id;

		}

		public function __get( $property ) {
			if ( property_exists( $this, $property ) ) {
				return $this->$property;
			}
		}

		public function __set( $property, $value ) {
			if ( property_exists( $this, $property ) ) {
				$this->$property = $value;
			}

			return $this;
		}

		/**
		 * Delete this cookie, and all translations linked to it.
		 */

		public function delete($permanently=false) {
			if ( ! cmplz_user_can_manage() ) {
				return;
			}
			if ( ! $this->ID ) {
				return;
			}

			$translations = $this->get_translations();
			global $wpdb;
			foreach ( $translations as $ID ) {
				if ($permanently){
					$wpdb->delete($wpdb->prefix . 'cmplz_cookies', array('ID' => $ID));
				} else {
					$wpdb->update(
						$wpdb->prefix . 'cmplz_cookies',
						array( 'deleted' => true ),
						array( 'ID' => $ID )
					);
				}
			}
		}

		/**
		 * Restore a deleted cookie
		 */

		public function restore() {
			if ( ! cmplz_user_can_manage() ) {
				return;
			}
			if ( ! $this->ID ) {
				return;
			}

			$translations = $this->get_translations();
			global $wpdb;
			foreach ( $translations as $ID ) {
				$wpdb->update(
					$wpdb->prefix . 'cmplz_cookies',
					array( 'deleted' => false ),
					array( 'ID' => $ID )
				);
			}
		}


		public function get_translations() {
			global $wpdb;
			//check if this cookie is a parent
			if ( ! $this->isTranslationFrom ) {
				//is parent. Get all cookies where translationfrom = this id
				$parent_id = $this->ID;
			} else {
				//not parent.
				$parent_id = $this->isTranslationFrom;
			}

			$sql = $wpdb->prepare( "select * from {$wpdb->prefix}cmplz_cookies where isTranslationFrom = %s", $parent_id );
			$results      = $wpdb->get_results( $sql );
			$translations = wp_list_pluck( $results, 'ID' );

			//add the parent id
			$translations[] = $parent_id;

			return $translations;
		}

		/**
		 * Retrieve the cookie data from the table
		 *
		 * @param bool $parent get only the parent cookie, not a translation
		 */

		private function get( bool $parent = false ) {
			global $wpdb;

			if ( ! $this->name && ! $this->ID ) {
				return;
			}
			$sql = '';
			if ( $parent ) {
				$sql = " AND isTranslationFrom = FALSE";
			}

			//if the service is set, we check within the service as well.
			if ( $this->service ) {
				$service = new CMPLZ_SERVICE($this->service, $this->language );
				if ($service->ID) {
					$sql .= $wpdb->prepare(" AND serviceID = %s", $service->ID);
				}
			}

			if ($this->object){
				$cookie = $this->object;
			} else if ( $this->ID ) {
				$cookie = wp_cache_get('cmplz_cookie_'.$this->ID, 'complianz');
				if ( !$cookie ) {
					$cookie = $wpdb->get_row( $wpdb->prepare( "select * from {$wpdb->prefix}cmplz_cookies where ID = %s ", $this->ID ) );
					wp_cache_set('cmplz_cookie_'.$this->ID, $cookie, 'complianz', HOUR_IN_SECONDS);
				}
			} else {
				$cookie = $wpdb->get_row( $wpdb->prepare( "select * from {$wpdb->prefix}cmplz_cookies where name = %s and language = %s $sql", $this->name, $this->language ) );
				//if not found with service, try without service.
				if ( !$cookie ) {
					$cookie = $wpdb->get_row( $wpdb->prepare( "select * from {$wpdb->prefix}cmplz_cookies where name = %s and language = %s", $this->name, $this->language ) );
				}
			}

			//if there's still no match, try to do a fuzzy match
			if ( ! $cookie ) {
				$cookies = $wpdb->get_results( $wpdb->prepare( "select * from {$wpdb->prefix}cmplz_cookies where language = %s $sql", $this->language ) );
				$cookies = wp_list_pluck( $cookies, 'name', 'ID' );
				$cookie_id = $this->get_fuzzy_match( $cookies, $this->name );

				//if no cookie_id found yet, try without service
				if ( !$cookie_id ) {
					$cookies = $wpdb->get_results( $wpdb->prepare( "select * from {$wpdb->prefix}cmplz_cookies where language = %s", $this->language ) );
					$cookies = wp_list_pluck( $cookies, 'name', 'ID' );
					$cookie_id = $this->get_fuzzy_match( $cookies, $this->name );
				}

				if ( $cookie_id ) {
					$cookie = $wpdb->get_row( $wpdb->prepare( "select * from {$wpdb->prefix}cmplz_cookies where ID = %s", $cookie_id ) );
				}
			}

			if ( $cookie ) {
				$this->ID                    = $cookie->ID;
				$this->name                  = substr($cookie->name, 0, 200); //maximize cookie name length
				$this->serviceID             = $cookie->serviceID;
				$this->sync                  = (bool) $cookie->sync;
				$this->language              = $cookie->language;
				$this->ignored               = (bool) $cookie->ignored;
				$this->deleted               = (bool) $cookie->deleted;
				$this->retention             = $cookie->retention;
				$this->type                  = $cookie->type;
				$this->isOwnDomainCookie     = (bool) $cookie->isOwnDomainCookie;
				$this->domain                = $cookie->domain;
				$this->cookieFunction        = $cookie->cookieFunction;
				$this->purpose               = html_entity_decode($cookie->purpose);
				$this->isMembersOnly         = $cookie->isMembersOnly && cmplz_get_option('wp_admin_access_users') === 'yes';
				$this->collectedPersonalData = $cookie->collectedPersonalData;
				$this->isTranslationFrom     = $cookie->isTranslationFrom;
				$this->showOnPolicy          = (bool) $cookie->showOnPolicy;
				$this->lastUpdatedDate       = $cookie->lastUpdatedDate;
				$this->lastAddDate           = $cookie->lastAddDate;
				$this->firstAddDate          = $cookie->firstAddDate;
				$this->slug                  = $cookie->slug;
				$this->synced                = $cookie->lastUpdatedDate > 0;
				$this->old                   = $cookie->lastAddDate < strtotime( '-3 months' ) && $cookie->lastAddDate > 0;
			}

			//legacy, upgrade data
			if ( empty($this->domain) ) {
				if ( $this->isOwnDomainCookie) {
					$this->domain = 'self';
				} else {
					$this->domain = 'thirdparty';
				}
			}

			/**
			 * Don't translate purpose with Polylang, as polylang does not use the fieldname to translate. This causes mixed up strings when context differs.
			 * To prevent newly added cookies from getting translated, only translate when not in admin or cron, leaving front-end, where cookies aren't saved.
			 */
			if ( $this->language !== 'en' && !is_admin() && !wp_doing_cron() ) {
				if ( !defined('POLYLANG_VERSION') || !$this->sync ) {
					if (!empty($this->purpose) ) $this->purpose = cmplz_translate($this->purpose, 'cookie_purpose');
				}
				if (!empty( $this->retention ) ) $this->retention = cmplz_translate( $this->retention, 'cookie_retention' );
				if (!empty( $this->cookieFunction) ) $this->cookieFunction = cmplz_translate($this->cookieFunction, 'cookie_function');
				if (!empty( $this->collectedPersonalData) ) $this->collectedPersonalData = cmplz_translate($this->collectedPersonalData, 'cookie_collected_personal_data');
			}

			/**
			 * complianz cookie retention can be retrieved form this site
			 */

			if ( !empty( $this->name) ) {
				if ( strpos( $this->name, 'cmplz' ) !== false || strpos( $this->name, 'complianz' ) !== false ) {
					$this->retention = cmplz_sprintf( __( "%s days", "complianz-gdpr" ), cmplz_get_option( 'cookie_expiry' ) );
				}
			}

			//get serviceid from service name
			if ( $this->serviceID ) {
				$service       = new CMPLZ_SERVICE( $this->serviceID, $this->language );
				$this->service = $service->name;
			}

			$this->complete = ( !empty( $this->name )
			                    && !empty( $this->purpose )
			                    && !empty( $this->retention )
			                    && !empty( $this->service )
			);

		}

		/**
		 * - opslaan service ID met ID uit CDB
		 * - Als SERVICE ID er nog niet is, toevoegen in tabel
		 * - Synce services met CDB
		 */


		/**
		 * Saves the data for a given Cookie, or creates a new one if no ID was passed.
		 *
		 * @param bool $updateAllLanguages
		 */

		public function save( $updateAllLanguages = false ) {
			if ( !cmplz_user_can_manage() ) {
				return;
			}

			//let's skip cookies with this site url in the name
			if ( strpos($this->name, site_url())!==false ) {
				return;
			}

			//don't save empty items.
			if ( empty( $this->name ) ) {
				return;
			}
			//get serviceid from service name
			if ( !empty( $this->service ) ) {
				$service = new CMPLZ_SERVICE( $this->service, $this->language );
				if ( ! $service->ID ) {
					$languages       = $this->get_used_languages();
					$this->serviceID = $service->add( $this->service, $languages, $this->language );
				} else {
					$this->serviceID = $service->ID;
				}
			}

			/**
			 * complianz cookie retention can be retrieved from this site
			 */

			if ( strpos( $this->name, 'cmplz' ) !== false || strpos( $this->name, 'complianz' ) !== false ) {
				$this->retention = cmplz_sprintf( __( "%s days", "complianz-gdpr" ), cmplz_get_option( 'cookie_expiry' ) );
			}

			/**
			 * Don't translate with Polylang, as polylang does not use the fieldname to translate. This causes mixed up strings when context differs.
			 */

			if ( $this->language === 'en' ) {
				if ( ! defined( 'POLYLANG_VERSION' ) || ! $this->sync ) {
					cmplz_register_translation( $this->purpose, 'cookie_purpose' );
				}
				cmplz_register_translation( $this->retention, 'cookie_retention' );
				cmplz_register_translation( $this->cookieFunction, 'cookie_function' );
				cmplz_register_translation( $this->collectedPersonalData, 'cookie_collected_personal_data' );
			}

			//update legacy data
			if ( empty($this->domain) ) {
				if ( $this->isOwnDomainCookie ) {
					$this->domain = 'self';
				} else {
					$this->domain = 'thirdparty';
				}
			}
			$update_array = array(
				'name'                  => sanitize_text_field( $this->name ),
				'retention'             => sanitize_text_field( $this->retention ),
				'type'                  => sanitize_text_field( $this->type ),
				'isOwnDomainCookie'     => (bool) $this->isOwnDomainCookie,
				'serviceID'             => (int) $this->serviceID,
				'domain'                => sanitize_text_field( $this->domain ),
				'cookieFunction'        => sanitize_text_field( $this->cookieFunction ),
				'purpose'               => sanitize_text_field( $this->purpose ),
				'isMembersOnly'         => (bool) $this->isMembersOnly,
				'collectedPersonalData' => sanitize_text_field( $this->collectedPersonalData ),
				'sync'                  => $this->sync,
				'ignored'               => (bool) $this->ignored,
				'deleted'               => (bool) $this->deleted,
				'language'              => cmplz_sanitize_language( $this->language ),
				'isTranslationFrom'     => (int) $this->isTranslationFrom,
				'showOnPolicy'          => $this->showOnPolicy,
				'lastUpdatedDate'       => (int) $this->lastUpdatedDate,
				'lastAddDate'           => (int) $this->lastAddDate,
				'slug'                  => empty($this->slug) ? '' : sanitize_title( $this->slug ),
			);
			if ( empty( $this->firstAddDate) ) {
				$update_array['firstAddDate'] = time();
			}

			global $wpdb;
			//if we have an ID, we update the existing value
			if ( $this->ID ) {
				$wpdb->update( $wpdb->prefix . 'cmplz_cookies', $update_array, array( 'ID' => $this->ID ) );
			} else {
				$wpdb->insert( $wpdb->prefix . 'cmplz_cookies', $update_array );
				$this->ID = $wpdb->insert_id;
			}

			if ( $updateAllLanguages ) {
				//keep all translations in sync
				$translationIDS = $this->get_translations();
				foreach ( $translationIDS as $translationID ) {
					if ( $this->ID == $translationID ) {
						continue;
					}
					$translation                 = new CMPLZ_COOKIE( $translationID );
					$translation->name                  = $this->name;
					$translation->serviceID             = $this->serviceID;
					$translation->sync                  = $this->sync;
					$translation->isMembersOnly         = $this->isMembersOnly;
					$translation->slug                  = $this->slug;
					$translation->showOnPolicy          = $this->showOnPolicy;
					$translation->deleted               = $this->deleted;
					$translation->ignored               = $this->ignored;
					$translation->domain                = $this->domain;
					$translation->save();
				}
			}
			cmplz_delete_transient('cmplz_cookie_shredder_list');
			wp_cache_delete('cmplz_cookie_'.$this->ID, 'complianz');
		}


		private function get_used_languages() {
			global $wpdb;

			$sql = "SELECT language FROM {$wpdb->prefix}cmplz_cookies group by language";
			$languages = $wpdb->get_results( $sql );
			$languages = wp_list_pluck( $languages, 'language' );

			return $languages;
		}

		/**
		 * Validate a cookie string
		 *
		 * @param $cookie
		 *
		 * @return string|bool
		 */

		private function sanitize_cookie( $cookie ) {
			if ( ! $this->is_valid_cookie( $cookie ) ) {
				return false;
			}

			$cookie = sanitize_text_field( $cookie );

			//100 characters max
			$cookie = substr($cookie, 0, 100);

			//remove whitespace
			$cookie = trim( $cookie );

			//strip double and single quotes
			$cookie = str_replace( '"', '', $cookie );
			return str_replace( "'", '', $cookie );
		}

		/**
		 * Check if a cookie is of a valid cookie structure
		 *
		 * @param $id
		 *
		 * @return bool
		 */

		private function is_valid_cookie( $id ) {
			if ( ! is_string( $id ) || empty($id) ) {
				return false;
			}

			$pattern = '/[a-zA-Z0-9\_\-\*]/i';

			return (bool) preg_match( $pattern, $id );
		}


		private function get_fuzzy_match( $cookies, $search ) {
			//to prevent match from wp_comment_123 on wp_*
			//we keep track of all matches, and only return the longest match, which is the closest match.
			$match            = false;
			$new_match        = false;
			$match_length     = 0;
			$new_match_length = 0;
			$partial          = '*';

			//clear up items without any match possibility
			foreach ( $cookies as $post_id => $cookie_name ) {
				if ( strpos( $cookie_name, $partial ) === false ) {
					unset( $cookies[ $post_id ] );
				}
			}

			foreach ( $cookies as $post_id => $compare_cookie_name ) {
				//check if the string "partial" is in the comparison cookie name
				//check if it has an underscore before or after the partial. If so, take it into account

				//get the substring before or after the partial
				$str1 = substr( $compare_cookie_name, 0,
					strpos( $compare_cookie_name, $partial ) );
				$str2 = substr( $compare_cookie_name,
					strpos( $compare_cookie_name, $partial )
					+ strlen( $partial ) );
				//a partial match is enough on this type

				//$str2: match should end with this string
				if ( strlen( $str1 ) === 0 ) {
					$len     = strlen( $search ); //"*test" : 5
					$pos     = strpos( $search, $str2 ); //"*test" : 1
					$sub_len = strlen( $str2 ); // 4
					if ( $pos !== false && ( $len - $sub_len == $pos ) ) {
						$new_match_length = strlen( $str1 ) + strlen( $str2 );
						$new_match        = $post_id;
					}
					//match should start with this string
				} elseif ( strlen( $str2 ) === 0 ) {

					$pos = strpos( $search, $str1 );
					if ( $pos === 0 ) {
						$new_match_length = strlen( $str1 ) + strlen( $str2 );
						$new_match        = $post_id;
					}
				} else {
					$len2     = strlen( $search ); //"*test" : 5
					$pos2     = strpos( $search, $str2 ); //"*test" : 1
					$sub_len2 = strlen( $str2 ); // 4
					if ( strpos( $search, $str1 ) === 0
					     && strpos( $search, $str2 ) !== false
					     && ( $len2 - $sub_len2 == $pos2 )
					) {
						$new_match_length = strlen( $str1 ) + strlen( $str2 );
						$new_match        = $post_id;
					}
				}

				if ( $new_match_length > $match_length ) {
					$match_length = $new_match_length;
					$match        = $new_match;
				}
			}

			return $match;
		}

	}
}

/**
 * Install cookies table
 * */
add_action( 'cmplz_install_tables', 'cmplz_install_cookie_table' );
function cmplz_install_cookie_table() {
	//only load on front-end if it's a cron job
	if ( !is_admin() && !wp_doing_cron() ) {
		return;
	}

	if (!wp_doing_cron() && !cmplz_user_can_manage() ) {
		return;
	}
	if ( get_option( 'cmplz_cookietable_version' ) != CMPLZ_VERSION ) {
		require_once( ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/upgrade.php' );
		global $wpdb;
		$charset_collate = $wpdb->get_charset_collate();
		$table_name      = $wpdb->prefix . 'cmplz_cookies';
		$sql             = "CREATE TABLE $table_name (
             `ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
            `name` varchar(250) NOT NULL,
            `slug` varchar(250) NOT NULL,
            `sync` int(11) NOT NULL,
            `ignored` int(11) NOT NULL,
            `retention` text NOT NULL,
            `type` text NOT NULL,
            `serviceID` int(11) NOT NULL,
            `cookieFunction` text NOT NULL,
            `collectedPersonalData` text NOT NULL,
            `purpose` text NOT NULL,
            `language` varchar(6) NOT NULL,
            `isTranslationFrom` int(11) NOT NULL,
            `isOwnDomainCookie` int(11) NOT NULL,
            `domain` text NOT NULL,
            `deleted` int(11) NOT NULL,
            `isMembersOnly` int(11) NOT NULL,
            `showOnPolicy` int(11) NOT NULL,
            `lastUpdatedDate` int(11) NOT NULL,
            `lastAddDate` int(11) NOT NULL,
            `firstAddDate` int(11) NOT NULL,
              PRIMARY KEY  (ID)
            ) $charset_collate;";
		dbDelta( $sql );

		/**
		 * Services
		 */
		$table_name = $wpdb->prefix . 'cmplz_services';
		$sql        = "CREATE TABLE $table_name (
                 `ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
                 `name` varchar(250) NOT NULL,
                 `slug` varchar(250) NOT NULL,
                 `serviceType` varchar(250) NOT NULL,
                 `category` varchar(250) NOT NULL,
                 `thirdParty` int(11) NOT NULL,
                 `sharesData` int(11) NOT NULL,
                 `secondParty` int(11) NOT NULL,
                 `privacyStatementURL` varchar(250) NOT NULL,
                 `language` varchar(6) NOT NULL,
                `isTranslationFrom` int(11) NOT NULL,
                `sync` int(11) NOT NULL,
                `lastUpdatedDate` int(11) NOT NULL,
                  PRIMARY KEY  (ID)
                ) $charset_collate;";
		dbDelta( $sql );

		//don't set to preload false, as we need this one in the get_cookies function.
		update_option( 'cmplz_cookietable_version', CMPLZ_VERSION );

	}
}
الذكاء الاصطناعي في ميادين القتال – tahkoom.com
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الذكاء الاصطناعي في ميادين القتال

 

كتبت إيريني أنطون

 

    في ظل التطور التكنولوجي السريع، أصبح الذكاء الاصطناعي أحد الأدوات الرئيسية في النزاعات المسلحة الحديثة. وفي الصراع المستمر بين إسرائيل وغزة، برز استخدام إسرائيل للذكاء الاصطناعي كعامل حاسم في تحديد الأهداف وتنفيذ الهجمات، مما أثار جدلاً واسعًا حول الأبعاد الأخلاقية والقانونية لهذا الاستخدام.

أنظمة “القتل الخوارزمي”: كيف يعمل الذكاء الاصطناعي؟

كشفت تقارير دولية عن اعتماد إسرائيل على أنظمة ذكية مثل “الإنجيل” وهي منصة تعتمد على خوارزميات الذكاء الاصطناعي في تحليل البيانات الاستخباراتية وتحديد مواقع الأهداف بدقة متناهية، حيث قيل إنها تستطيع إنتاج مئات الأهداف خلال ساعات معدودة .

وفي هذا السياق، صرّح الأستاذ محمد عطية، مبرمج في الذكاء الاصطناعي، قائلاً:

“ما يحدث في ساحة الحرب تجاوز مجرد استخدام الأدوات التقنية إلى الاعتماد الكامل على خوارزميات قد تتخذ قرارات مميتة دون إشراف بشري مباشر. هذه الأنظمة تُستخدم بشكل متسارع في النزاعات دون دراسة كافية لتأثيرها على المدنيين، وغياب الشفافية يجعل الرقابة مستحيلة تقريبًا”.

الجانب القانوني: هل ينتهك الذكاء الاصطناعي قوانين الحرب؟

أثار استخدام هذه الأنظمة موجة من الانتقادات القانونية والحقوقية، خاصة مع تصاعد أعداد الضحايا المدنيين في غزة، حيث يصعب على الخوارزميات التمييز بين هدف عسكري ومبنى سكني أو مستشفى في بيئة حضرية.

وفي هذا الإطار، أوضحت الأستاذة مريم إبراهيم، المحامية:

“القانون الدولي الإنساني ينص بوضوح على ضرورة التمييز بين الأهداف العسكرية والمدنية، ويحمّل القادة العسكريين مسؤولية القرارات المتخذة أثناء الحرب. ولكن عند إدخال الذكاء الاصطناعي في القرار، يصبح من غير الواضح من هو المسؤول قانونيًا. هذه ثغرة خطيرة يجب معالجتها فورًا”.

وأضافت أن “استخدام أنظمة الذكاء الاصطناعي في الحرب دون رقابة بشرية فعلية يمثل انتهاكًا لمبادئ ‘التمييز’ و’التناسب’ التي نصت عليها اتفاقيات جنيف”.

شركات التكنولوجيا والاتهام بالمشاركة

واجهت شركات عالمية، أبرزها Microsoft، انتقادات بعد تقارير عن تقديم خدمات سحابية وتقنيات ذكاء اصطناعي للجيش الإسرائيلي. وذكرت صحيفة The Guardian أن موظفين بالشركة أعربوا عن استيائهم من هذه المشاركة، خاصة بعد توقيع Microsoft عقدًا بقيمة 1.7 مليون دولار مع وزارة الدفاع الإسرائيلية لتقديم خدمات Azure السحابية .

في الوقت الذي تتسابق فيه الدول لامتلاك أنظمة الذكاء الاصطناعي العسكرية، يظل السؤال الأهم مطروحًا: من يراقب الخوارزميات؟

وفي ظل غياب الأطر القانونية والتنظيمية، يظل المدنيون هم الحلقة الأضعف في معادلة تكنولوجية لا تعرف الرحمة.

 

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