/*! * jQuery UI Sortable 1.13.3 * https://jqueryui.com * * Copyright OpenJS Foundation and other contributors * Released under the MIT license. * https://jquery.org/license */ //>>label: Sortable //>>group: Interactions //>>description: Enables items in a list to be sorted using the mouse. //>>docs: https://api.jqueryui.com/sortable/ //>>demos: https://jqueryui.com/sortable/ //>>css.structure: ../../themes/base/sortable.css ( function( factory ) { "use strict"; if ( typeof define === "function" && define.amd ) { // AMD. Register as an anonymous module. define( [ "jquery", "./mouse", "../data", "../ie", "../scroll-parent", "../version", "../widget" ], factory ); } else { // Browser globals factory( jQuery ); } } )( function( $ ) { "use strict"; return $.widget( "ui.sortable", $.ui.mouse, { version: "1.13.3", widgetEventPrefix: "sort", ready: false, options: { appendTo: "parent", axis: false, connectWith: false, containment: false, cursor: "auto", cursorAt: false, dropOnEmpty: true, forcePlaceholderSize: false, forceHelperSize: false, grid: false, handle: false, helper: "original", items: "> *", opacity: false, placeholder: false, revert: false, scroll: true, scrollSensitivity: 20, scrollSpeed: 20, scope: "default", tolerance: "intersect", zIndex: 1000, // Callbacks activate: null, beforeStop: null, change: null, deactivate: null, out: null, over: null, receive: null, remove: null, sort: null, start: null, stop: null, update: null }, _isOverAxis: function( x, reference, size ) { return ( x >= reference ) && ( x < ( reference + size ) ); }, _isFloating: function( item ) { return ( /left|right/ ).test( item.css( "float" ) ) || ( /inline|table-cell/ ).test( item.css( "display" ) ); }, _create: function() { this.containerCache = {}; this._addClass( "ui-sortable" ); //Get the items this.refresh(); //Let's determine the parent's offset this.offset = this.element.offset(); //Initialize mouse events for interaction this._mouseInit(); this._setHandleClassName(); //We're ready to go this.ready = true; }, _setOption: function( key, value ) { this._super( key, value ); if ( key === "handle" ) { this._setHandleClassName(); } }, _setHandleClassName: function() { var that = this; this._removeClass( this.element.find( ".ui-sortable-handle" ), "ui-sortable-handle" ); $.each( this.items, function() { that._addClass( this.instance.options.handle ? this.item.find( this.instance.options.handle ) : this.item, "ui-sortable-handle" ); } ); }, _destroy: function() { this._mouseDestroy(); for ( var i = this.items.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { this.items[ i ].item.removeData( this.widgetName + "-item" ); } return this; }, _mouseCapture: function( event, overrideHandle ) { var currentItem = null, validHandle = false, that = this; if ( this.reverting ) { return false; } if ( this.options.disabled || this.options.type === "static" ) { return false; } //We have to refresh the items data once first this._refreshItems( event ); //Find out if the clicked node (or one of its parents) is a actual item in this.items $( event.target ).parents().each( function() { if ( $.data( this, that.widgetName + "-item" ) === that ) { currentItem = $( this ); return false; } } ); if ( $.data( event.target, that.widgetName + "-item" ) === that ) { currentItem = $( event.target ); } if ( !currentItem ) { return false; } if ( this.options.handle && !overrideHandle ) { $( this.options.handle, currentItem ).find( "*" ).addBack().each( function() { if ( this === event.target ) { validHandle = true; } } ); if ( !validHandle ) { return false; } } this.currentItem = currentItem; this._removeCurrentsFromItems(); return true; }, _mouseStart: function( event, overrideHandle, noActivation ) { var i, body, o = this.options; this.currentContainer = this; //We only need to call refreshPositions, because the refreshItems call has been moved to // mouseCapture this.refreshPositions(); //Prepare the dragged items parent this.appendTo = $( o.appendTo !== "parent" ? o.appendTo : this.currentItem.parent() ); //Create and append the visible helper this.helper = this._createHelper( event ); //Cache the helper size this._cacheHelperProportions(); /* * - Position generation - * This block generates everything position related - it's the core of draggables. */ //Cache the margins of the original element this._cacheMargins(); //The element's absolute position on the page minus margins this.offset = this.currentItem.offset(); this.offset = { top: this.offset.top - this.margins.top, left: this.offset.left - this.margins.left }; $.extend( this.offset, { click: { //Where the click happened, relative to the element left: event.pageX - this.offset.left, top: event.pageY - this.offset.top }, // This is a relative to absolute position minus the actual position calculation - // only used for relative positioned helper relative: this._getRelativeOffset() } ); // After we get the helper offset, but before we get the parent offset we can // change the helper's position to absolute // TODO: Still need to figure out a way to make relative sorting possible this.helper.css( "position", "absolute" ); this.cssPosition = this.helper.css( "position" ); //Adjust the mouse offset relative to the helper if "cursorAt" is supplied if ( o.cursorAt ) { this._adjustOffsetFromHelper( o.cursorAt ); } //Cache the former DOM position this.domPosition = { prev: this.currentItem.prev()[ 0 ], parent: this.currentItem.parent()[ 0 ] }; // If the helper is not the original, hide the original so it's not playing any role during // the drag, won't cause anything bad this way if ( this.helper[ 0 ] !== this.currentItem[ 0 ] ) { this.currentItem.hide(); } //Create the placeholder this._createPlaceholder(); //Get the next scrolling parent this.scrollParent = this.placeholder.scrollParent(); $.extend( this.offset, { parent: this._getParentOffset() } ); //Set a containment if given in the options if ( o.containment ) { this._setContainment(); } if ( o.cursor && o.cursor !== "auto" ) { // cursor option body = this.document.find( "body" ); // Support: IE this.storedCursor = body.css( "cursor" ); body.css( "cursor", o.cursor ); this.storedStylesheet = $( "<style>*{ cursor: " + o.cursor + " !important; }</style>" ).appendTo( body ); } // We need to make sure to grab the zIndex before setting the // opacity, because setting the opacity to anything lower than 1 // causes the zIndex to change from "auto" to 0. if ( o.zIndex ) { // zIndex option if ( this.helper.css( "zIndex" ) ) { this._storedZIndex = this.helper.css( "zIndex" ); } this.helper.css( "zIndex", o.zIndex ); } if ( o.opacity ) { // opacity option if ( this.helper.css( "opacity" ) ) { this._storedOpacity = this.helper.css( "opacity" ); } this.helper.css( "opacity", o.opacity ); } //Prepare scrolling if ( this.scrollParent[ 0 ] !== this.document[ 0 ] && this.scrollParent[ 0 ].tagName !== "HTML" ) { this.overflowOffset = this.scrollParent.offset(); } //Call callbacks this._trigger( "start", event, this._uiHash() ); //Recache the helper size if ( !this._preserveHelperProportions ) { this._cacheHelperProportions(); } //Post "activate" events to possible containers if ( !noActivation ) { for ( i = this.containers.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { this.containers[ i ]._trigger( "activate", event, this._uiHash( this ) ); } } //Prepare possible droppables if ( $.ui.ddmanager ) { $.ui.ddmanager.current = this; } if ( $.ui.ddmanager && !o.dropBehaviour ) { $.ui.ddmanager.prepareOffsets( this, event ); } this.dragging = true; this._addClass( this.helper, "ui-sortable-helper" ); //Move the helper, if needed if ( !this.helper.parent().is( this.appendTo ) ) { this.helper.detach().appendTo( this.appendTo ); //Update position this.offset.parent = this._getParentOffset(); } //Generate the original position this.position = this.originalPosition = this._generatePosition( event ); this.originalPageX = event.pageX; this.originalPageY = event.pageY; this.lastPositionAbs = this.positionAbs = this._convertPositionTo( "absolute" ); this._mouseDrag( event ); return true; }, _scroll: function( event ) { var o = this.options, scrolled = false; if ( this.scrollParent[ 0 ] !== this.document[ 0 ] && this.scrollParent[ 0 ].tagName !== "HTML" ) { if ( ( this.overflowOffset.top + this.scrollParent[ 0 ].offsetHeight ) - event.pageY < o.scrollSensitivity ) { this.scrollParent[ 0 ].scrollTop = scrolled = this.scrollParent[ 0 ].scrollTop + o.scrollSpeed; } else if ( event.pageY - this.overflowOffset.top < o.scrollSensitivity ) { this.scrollParent[ 0 ].scrollTop = scrolled = this.scrollParent[ 0 ].scrollTop - o.scrollSpeed; } if ( ( this.overflowOffset.left + this.scrollParent[ 0 ].offsetWidth ) - event.pageX < o.scrollSensitivity ) { this.scrollParent[ 0 ].scrollLeft = scrolled = this.scrollParent[ 0 ].scrollLeft + o.scrollSpeed; } else if ( event.pageX - this.overflowOffset.left < o.scrollSensitivity ) { this.scrollParent[ 0 ].scrollLeft = scrolled = this.scrollParent[ 0 ].scrollLeft - o.scrollSpeed; } } else { if ( event.pageY - this.document.scrollTop() < o.scrollSensitivity ) { scrolled = this.document.scrollTop( this.document.scrollTop() - o.scrollSpeed ); } else if ( this.window.height() - ( event.pageY - this.document.scrollTop() ) < o.scrollSensitivity ) { scrolled = this.document.scrollTop( this.document.scrollTop() + o.scrollSpeed ); } if ( event.pageX - this.document.scrollLeft() < o.scrollSensitivity ) { scrolled = this.document.scrollLeft( this.document.scrollLeft() - o.scrollSpeed ); } else if ( this.window.width() - ( event.pageX - this.document.scrollLeft() ) < o.scrollSensitivity ) { scrolled = this.document.scrollLeft( this.document.scrollLeft() + o.scrollSpeed ); } } return scrolled; }, _mouseDrag: function( event ) { var i, item, itemElement, intersection, o = this.options; //Compute the helpers position this.position = this._generatePosition( event ); this.positionAbs = this._convertPositionTo( "absolute" ); //Set the helper position if ( !this.options.axis || this.options.axis !== "y" ) { this.helper[ 0 ].style.left = this.position.left + "px"; } if ( !this.options.axis || this.options.axis !== "x" ) { this.helper[ 0 ].style.top = this.position.top + "px"; } //Do scrolling if ( o.scroll ) { if ( this._scroll( event ) !== false ) { //Update item positions used in position checks this._refreshItemPositions( true ); if ( $.ui.ddmanager && !o.dropBehaviour ) { $.ui.ddmanager.prepareOffsets( this, event ); } } } this.dragDirection = { vertical: this._getDragVerticalDirection(), horizontal: this._getDragHorizontalDirection() }; //Rearrange for ( i = this.items.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { //Cache variables and intersection, continue if no intersection item = this.items[ i ]; itemElement = item.item[ 0 ]; intersection = this._intersectsWithPointer( item ); if ( !intersection ) { continue; } // Only put the placeholder inside the current Container, skip all // items from other containers. This works because when moving // an item from one container to another the // currentContainer is switched before the placeholder is moved. // // Without this, moving items in "sub-sortables" can cause // the placeholder to jitter between the outer and inner container. if ( item.instance !== this.currentContainer ) { continue; } // Cannot intersect with itself // no useless actions that have been done before // no action if the item moved is the parent of the item checked if ( itemElement !== this.currentItem[ 0 ] && this.placeholder[ intersection === 1 ? "next" : "prev" ]()[ 0 ] !== itemElement && !$.contains( this.placeholder[ 0 ], itemElement ) && ( this.options.type === "semi-dynamic" ? !$.contains( this.element[ 0 ], itemElement ) : true ) ) { this.direction = intersection === 1 ? "down" : "up"; if ( this.options.tolerance === "pointer" || this._intersectsWithSides( item ) ) { this._rearrange( event, item ); } else { break; } this._trigger( "change", event, this._uiHash() ); break; } } //Post events to containers this._contactContainers( event ); //Interconnect with droppables if ( $.ui.ddmanager ) { $.ui.ddmanager.drag( this, event ); } //Call callbacks this._trigger( "sort", event, this._uiHash() ); this.lastPositionAbs = this.positionAbs; return false; }, _mouseStop: function( event, noPropagation ) { if ( !event ) { return; } //If we are using droppables, inform the manager about the drop if ( $.ui.ddmanager && !this.options.dropBehaviour ) { $.ui.ddmanager.drop( this, event ); } if ( this.options.revert ) { var that = this, cur = this.placeholder.offset(), axis = this.options.axis, animation = {}; if ( !axis || axis === "x" ) { animation.left = cur.left - this.offset.parent.left - this.margins.left + ( this.offsetParent[ 0 ] === this.document[ 0 ].body ? 0 : this.offsetParent[ 0 ].scrollLeft ); } if ( !axis || axis === "y" ) { animation.top = cur.top - this.offset.parent.top - this.margins.top + ( this.offsetParent[ 0 ] === this.document[ 0 ].body ? 0 : this.offsetParent[ 0 ].scrollTop ); } this.reverting = true; $( this.helper ).animate( animation, parseInt( this.options.revert, 10 ) || 500, function() { that._clear( event ); } ); } else { this._clear( event, noPropagation ); } return false; }, cancel: function() { if ( this.dragging ) { this._mouseUp( new $.Event( "mouseup", { target: null } ) ); if ( this.options.helper === "original" ) { this.currentItem.css( this._storedCSS ); this._removeClass( this.currentItem, "ui-sortable-helper" ); } else { this.currentItem.show(); } //Post deactivating events to containers for ( var i = this.containers.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { this.containers[ i ]._trigger( "deactivate", null, this._uiHash( this ) ); if ( this.containers[ i ].containerCache.over ) { this.containers[ i ]._trigger( "out", null, this._uiHash( this ) ); this.containers[ i ].containerCache.over = 0; } } } if ( this.placeholder ) { //$(this.placeholder[0]).remove(); would have been the jQuery way - unfortunately, // it unbinds ALL events from the original node! if ( this.placeholder[ 0 ].parentNode ) { this.placeholder[ 0 ].parentNode.removeChild( this.placeholder[ 0 ] ); } if ( this.options.helper !== "original" && this.helper && this.helper[ 0 ].parentNode ) { this.helper.remove(); } $.extend( this, { helper: null, dragging: false, reverting: false, _noFinalSort: null } ); if ( this.domPosition.prev ) { $( this.domPosition.prev ).after( this.currentItem ); } else { $( this.domPosition.parent ).prepend( this.currentItem ); } } return this; }, serialize: function( o ) { var items = this._getItemsAsjQuery( o && o.connected ), str = []; o = o || {}; $( items ).each( function() { var res = ( $( o.item || this ).attr( o.attribute || "id" ) || "" ) .match( o.expression || ( /(.+)[\-=_](.+)/ ) ); if ( res ) { str.push( ( o.key || res[ 1 ] + "[]" ) + "=" + ( o.key && o.expression ? res[ 1 ] : res[ 2 ] ) ); } } ); if ( !str.length && o.key ) { str.push( o.key + "=" ); } return str.join( "&" ); }, toArray: function( o ) { var items = this._getItemsAsjQuery( o && o.connected ), ret = []; o = o || {}; items.each( function() { ret.push( $( o.item || this ).attr( o.attribute || "id" ) || "" ); } ); return ret; }, /* Be careful with the following core functions */ _intersectsWith: function( item ) { var x1 = this.positionAbs.left, x2 = x1 + this.helperProportions.width, y1 = this.positionAbs.top, y2 = y1 + this.helperProportions.height, l = item.left, r = l + item.width, t = item.top, b = t + item.height, dyClick = this.offset.click.top, dxClick = this.offset.click.left, isOverElementHeight = ( this.options.axis === "x" ) || ( ( y1 + dyClick ) > t && ( y1 + dyClick ) < b ), isOverElementWidth = ( this.options.axis === "y" ) || ( ( x1 + dxClick ) > l && ( x1 + dxClick ) < r ), isOverElement = isOverElementHeight && isOverElementWidth; if ( this.options.tolerance === "pointer" || this.options.forcePointerForContainers || ( this.options.tolerance !== "pointer" && this.helperProportions[ this.floating ? "width" : "height" ] > item[ this.floating ? "width" : "height" ] ) ) { return isOverElement; } else { return ( l < x1 + ( this.helperProportions.width / 2 ) && // Right Half x2 - ( this.helperProportions.width / 2 ) < r && // Left Half t < y1 + ( this.helperProportions.height / 2 ) && // Bottom Half y2 - ( this.helperProportions.height / 2 ) < b ); // Top Half } }, _intersectsWithPointer: function( item ) { var verticalDirection, horizontalDirection, isOverElementHeight = ( this.options.axis === "x" ) || this._isOverAxis( this.positionAbs.top + this.offset.click.top, item.top, item.height ), isOverElementWidth = ( this.options.axis === "y" ) || this._isOverAxis( this.positionAbs.left + this.offset.click.left, item.left, item.width ), isOverElement = isOverElementHeight && isOverElementWidth; if ( !isOverElement ) { return false; } verticalDirection = this.dragDirection.vertical; horizontalDirection = this.dragDirection.horizontal; return this.floating ? ( ( horizontalDirection === "right" || verticalDirection === "down" ) ? 2 : 1 ) : ( verticalDirection && ( verticalDirection === "down" ? 2 : 1 ) ); }, _intersectsWithSides: function( item ) { var isOverBottomHalf = this._isOverAxis( this.positionAbs.top + this.offset.click.top, item.top + ( item.height / 2 ), item.height ), isOverRightHalf = this._isOverAxis( this.positionAbs.left + this.offset.click.left, item.left + ( item.width / 2 ), item.width ), verticalDirection = this.dragDirection.vertical, horizontalDirection = this.dragDirection.horizontal; if ( this.floating && horizontalDirection ) { return ( ( horizontalDirection === "right" && isOverRightHalf ) || ( horizontalDirection === "left" && !isOverRightHalf ) ); } else { return verticalDirection && ( ( verticalDirection === "down" && isOverBottomHalf ) || ( verticalDirection === "up" && !isOverBottomHalf ) ); } }, _getDragVerticalDirection: function() { var delta = this.positionAbs.top - this.lastPositionAbs.top; return delta !== 0 && ( delta > 0 ? "down" : "up" ); }, _getDragHorizontalDirection: function() { var delta = this.positionAbs.left - this.lastPositionAbs.left; return delta !== 0 && ( delta > 0 ? "right" : "left" ); }, refresh: function( event ) { this._refreshItems( event ); this._setHandleClassName(); this.refreshPositions(); return this; }, _connectWith: function() { var options = this.options; return options.connectWith.constructor === String ? [ options.connectWith ] : options.connectWith; }, _getItemsAsjQuery: function( connected ) { var i, j, cur, inst, items = [], queries = [], connectWith = this._connectWith(); if ( connectWith && connected ) { for ( i = connectWith.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { cur = $( connectWith[ i ], this.document[ 0 ] ); for ( j = cur.length - 1; j >= 0; j-- ) { inst = $.data( cur[ j ], this.widgetFullName ); if ( inst && inst !== this && !inst.options.disabled ) { queries.push( [ typeof inst.options.items === "function" ? inst.options.items.call( inst.element ) : $( inst.options.items, inst.element ) .not( ".ui-sortable-helper" ) .not( ".ui-sortable-placeholder" ), inst ] ); } } } } queries.push( [ typeof this.options.items === "function" ? this.options.items .call( this.element, null, { options: this.options, item: this.currentItem } ) : $( this.options.items, this.element ) .not( ".ui-sortable-helper" ) .not( ".ui-sortable-placeholder" ), this ] ); function addItems() { items.push( this ); } for ( i = queries.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { queries[ i ][ 0 ].each( addItems ); } return $( items ); }, _removeCurrentsFromItems: function() { var list = this.currentItem.find( ":data(" + this.widgetName + "-item)" ); this.items = $.grep( this.items, function( item ) { for ( var j = 0; j < list.length; j++ ) { if ( list[ j ] === item.item[ 0 ] ) { return false; } } return true; } ); }, _refreshItems: function( event ) { this.items = []; this.containers = [ this ]; var i, j, cur, inst, targetData, _queries, item, queriesLength, items = this.items, queries = [ [ typeof this.options.items === "function" ? this.options.items.call( this.element[ 0 ], event, { item: this.currentItem } ) : $( this.options.items, this.element ), this ] ], connectWith = this._connectWith(); //Shouldn't be run the first time through due to massive slow-down if ( connectWith && this.ready ) { for ( i = connectWith.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { cur = $( connectWith[ i ], this.document[ 0 ] ); for ( j = cur.length - 1; j >= 0; j-- ) { inst = $.data( cur[ j ], this.widgetFullName ); if ( inst && inst !== this && !inst.options.disabled ) { queries.push( [ typeof inst.options.items === "function" ? inst.options.items .call( inst.element[ 0 ], event, { item: this.currentItem } ) : $( inst.options.items, inst.element ), inst ] ); this.containers.push( inst ); } } } } for ( i = queries.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { targetData = queries[ i ][ 1 ]; _queries = queries[ i ][ 0 ]; for ( j = 0, queriesLength = _queries.length; j < queriesLength; j++ ) { item = $( _queries[ j ] ); // Data for target checking (mouse manager) item.data( this.widgetName + "-item", targetData ); items.push( { item: item, instance: targetData, width: 0, height: 0, left: 0, top: 0 } ); } } }, _refreshItemPositions: function( fast ) { var i, item, t, p; for ( i = this.items.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { item = this.items[ i ]; //We ignore calculating positions of all connected containers when we're not over them if ( this.currentContainer && item.instance !== this.currentContainer && item.item[ 0 ] !== this.currentItem[ 0 ] ) { continue; } t = this.options.toleranceElement ? $( this.options.toleranceElement, item.item ) : item.item; if ( !fast ) { item.width = t.outerWidth(); item.height = t.outerHeight(); } p = t.offset(); item.left = p.left; item.top = p.top; } }, refreshPositions: function( fast ) { // Determine whether items are being displayed horizontally this.floating = this.items.length ? this.options.axis === "x" || this._isFloating( this.items[ 0 ].item ) : false; // This has to be redone because due to the item being moved out/into the offsetParent, // the offsetParent's position will change if ( this.offsetParent && this.helper ) { this.offset.parent = this._getParentOffset(); } this._refreshItemPositions( fast ); var i, p; if ( this.options.custom && this.options.custom.refreshContainers ) { this.options.custom.refreshContainers.call( this ); } else { for ( i = this.containers.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { p = this.containers[ i ].element.offset(); this.containers[ i ].containerCache.left = p.left; this.containers[ i ].containerCache.top = p.top; this.containers[ i ].containerCache.width = this.containers[ i ].element.outerWidth(); this.containers[ i ].containerCache.height = this.containers[ i ].element.outerHeight(); } } return this; }, _createPlaceholder: function( that ) { that = that || this; var className, nodeName, o = that.options; if ( !o.placeholder || o.placeholder.constructor === String ) { className = o.placeholder; nodeName = that.currentItem[ 0 ].nodeName.toLowerCase(); o.placeholder = { element: function() { var element = $( "<" + nodeName + ">", that.document[ 0 ] ); that._addClass( element, "ui-sortable-placeholder", className || that.currentItem[ 0 ].className ) ._removeClass( element, "ui-sortable-helper" ); if ( nodeName === "tbody" ) { that._createTrPlaceholder( that.currentItem.find( "tr" ).eq( 0 ), $( "<tr>", that.document[ 0 ] ).appendTo( element ) ); } else if ( nodeName === "tr" ) { that._createTrPlaceholder( that.currentItem, element ); } else if ( nodeName === "img" ) { element.attr( "src", that.currentItem.attr( "src" ) ); } if ( !className ) { element.css( "visibility", "hidden" ); } return element; }, update: function( container, p ) { // 1. If a className is set as 'placeholder option, we don't force sizes - // the class is responsible for that // 2. The option 'forcePlaceholderSize can be enabled to force it even if a // class name is specified if ( className && !o.forcePlaceholderSize ) { return; } // If the element doesn't have a actual height or width by itself (without // styles coming from a stylesheet), it receives the inline height and width // from the dragged item. Or, if it's a tbody or tr, it's going to have a height // anyway since we're populating them with <td>s above, but they're unlikely to // be the correct height on their own if the row heights are dynamic, so we'll // always assign the height of the dragged item given forcePlaceholderSize // is true. if ( !p.height() || ( o.forcePlaceholderSize && ( nodeName === "tbody" || nodeName === "tr" ) ) ) { p.height( that.currentItem.innerHeight() - parseInt( that.currentItem.css( "paddingTop" ) || 0, 10 ) - parseInt( that.currentItem.css( "paddingBottom" ) || 0, 10 ) ); } if ( !p.width() ) { p.width( that.currentItem.innerWidth() - parseInt( that.currentItem.css( "paddingLeft" ) || 0, 10 ) - parseInt( that.currentItem.css( "paddingRight" ) || 0, 10 ) ); } } }; } //Create the placeholder that.placeholder = $( o.placeholder.element.call( that.element, that.currentItem ) ); //Append it after the actual current item that.currentItem.after( that.placeholder ); //Update the size of the placeholder (TODO: Logic to fuzzy, see line 316/317) o.placeholder.update( that, that.placeholder ); }, _createTrPlaceholder: function( sourceTr, targetTr ) { var that = this; sourceTr.children().each( function() { $( "<td> </td>", that.document[ 0 ] ) .attr( "colspan", $( this ).attr( "colspan" ) || 1 ) .appendTo( targetTr ); } ); }, _contactContainers: function( event ) { var i, j, dist, itemWithLeastDistance, posProperty, sizeProperty, cur, nearBottom, floating, axis, innermostContainer = null, innermostIndex = null; // Get innermost container that intersects with item for ( i = this.containers.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { // Never consider a container that's located within the item itself if ( $.contains( this.currentItem[ 0 ], this.containers[ i ].element[ 0 ] ) ) { continue; } if ( this._intersectsWith( this.containers[ i ].containerCache ) ) { // If we've already found a container and it's more "inner" than this, then continue if ( innermostContainer && $.contains( this.containers[ i ].element[ 0 ], innermostContainer.element[ 0 ] ) ) { continue; } innermostContainer = this.containers[ i ]; innermostIndex = i; } else { // container doesn't intersect. trigger "out" event if necessary if ( this.containers[ i ].containerCache.over ) { this.containers[ i ]._trigger( "out", event, this._uiHash( this ) ); this.containers[ i ].containerCache.over = 0; } } } // If no intersecting containers found, return if ( !innermostContainer ) { return; } // Move the item into the container if it's not there already if ( this.containers.length === 1 ) { if ( !this.containers[ innermostIndex ].containerCache.over ) { this.containers[ innermostIndex ]._trigger( "over", event, this._uiHash( this ) ); this.containers[ innermostIndex ].containerCache.over = 1; } } else { // When entering a new container, we will find the item with the least distance and // append our item near it dist = 10000; itemWithLeastDistance = null; floating = innermostContainer.floating || this._isFloating( this.currentItem ); posProperty = floating ? "left" : "top"; sizeProperty = floating ? "width" : "height"; axis = floating ? "pageX" : "pageY"; for ( j = this.items.length - 1; j >= 0; j-- ) { if ( !$.contains( this.containers[ innermostIndex ].element[ 0 ], this.items[ j ].item[ 0 ] ) ) { continue; } if ( this.items[ j ].item[ 0 ] === this.currentItem[ 0 ] ) { continue; } cur = this.items[ j ].item.offset()[ posProperty ]; nearBottom = false; if ( event[ axis ] - cur > this.items[ j ][ sizeProperty ] / 2 ) { nearBottom = true; } if ( Math.abs( event[ axis ] - cur ) < dist ) { dist = Math.abs( event[ axis ] - cur ); itemWithLeastDistance = this.items[ j ]; this.direction = nearBottom ? "up" : "down"; } } //Check if dropOnEmpty is enabled if ( !itemWithLeastDistance && !this.options.dropOnEmpty ) { return; } if ( this.currentContainer === this.containers[ innermostIndex ] ) { if ( !this.currentContainer.containerCache.over ) { this.containers[ innermostIndex ]._trigger( "over", event, this._uiHash() ); this.currentContainer.containerCache.over = 1; } return; } if ( itemWithLeastDistance ) { this._rearrange( event, itemWithLeastDistance, null, true ); } else { this._rearrange( event, null, this.containers[ innermostIndex ].element, true ); } this._trigger( "change", event, this._uiHash() ); this.containers[ innermostIndex ]._trigger( "change", event, this._uiHash( this ) ); this.currentContainer = this.containers[ innermostIndex ]; //Update the placeholder this.options.placeholder.update( this.currentContainer, this.placeholder ); //Update scrollParent this.scrollParent = this.placeholder.scrollParent(); //Update overflowOffset if ( this.scrollParent[ 0 ] !== this.document[ 0 ] && this.scrollParent[ 0 ].tagName !== "HTML" ) { this.overflowOffset = this.scrollParent.offset(); } this.containers[ innermostIndex ]._trigger( "over", event, this._uiHash( this ) ); this.containers[ innermostIndex ].containerCache.over = 1; } }, _createHelper: function( event ) { var o = this.options, helper = typeof o.helper === "function" ? $( o.helper.apply( this.element[ 0 ], [ event, this.currentItem ] ) ) : ( o.helper === "clone" ? this.currentItem.clone() : this.currentItem ); //Add the helper to the DOM if that didn't happen already if ( !helper.parents( "body" ).length ) { this.appendTo[ 0 ].appendChild( helper[ 0 ] ); } if ( helper[ 0 ] === this.currentItem[ 0 ] ) { this._storedCSS = { width: this.currentItem[ 0 ].style.width, height: this.currentItem[ 0 ].style.height, position: this.currentItem.css( "position" ), top: this.currentItem.css( "top" ), left: this.currentItem.css( "left" ) }; } if ( !helper[ 0 ].style.width || o.forceHelperSize ) { helper.width( this.currentItem.width() ); } if ( !helper[ 0 ].style.height || o.forceHelperSize ) { helper.height( this.currentItem.height() ); } return helper; }, _adjustOffsetFromHelper: function( obj ) { if ( typeof obj === "string" ) { obj = obj.split( " " ); } if ( Array.isArray( obj ) ) { obj = { left: +obj[ 0 ], top: +obj[ 1 ] || 0 }; } if ( "left" in obj ) { this.offset.click.left = obj.left + this.margins.left; } if ( "right" in obj ) { this.offset.click.left = this.helperProportions.width - obj.right + this.margins.left; } if ( "top" in obj ) { this.offset.click.top = obj.top + this.margins.top; } if ( "bottom" in obj ) { this.offset.click.top = this.helperProportions.height - obj.bottom + this.margins.top; } }, _getParentOffset: function() { //Get the offsetParent and cache its position this.offsetParent = this.helper.offsetParent(); var po = this.offsetParent.offset(); // This is a special case where we need to modify a offset calculated on start, since the // following happened: // 1. The position of the helper is absolute, so it's position is calculated based on the // next positioned parent // 2. The actual offset parent is a child of the scroll parent, and the scroll parent isn't // the document, which means that the scroll is included in the initial calculation of the // offset of the parent, and never recalculated upon drag if ( this.cssPosition === "absolute" && this.scrollParent[ 0 ] !== this.document[ 0 ] && $.contains( this.scrollParent[ 0 ], this.offsetParent[ 0 ] ) ) { po.left += this.scrollParent.scrollLeft(); po.top += this.scrollParent.scrollTop(); } // This needs to be actually done for all browsers, since pageX/pageY includes this // information with an ugly IE fix if ( this.offsetParent[ 0 ] === this.document[ 0 ].body || ( this.offsetParent[ 0 ].tagName && this.offsetParent[ 0 ].tagName.toLowerCase() === "html" && $.ui.ie ) ) { po = { top: 0, left: 0 }; } return { top: po.top + ( parseInt( this.offsetParent.css( "borderTopWidth" ), 10 ) || 0 ), left: po.left + ( parseInt( this.offsetParent.css( "borderLeftWidth" ), 10 ) || 0 ) }; }, _getRelativeOffset: function() { if ( this.cssPosition === "relative" ) { var p = this.currentItem.position(); return { top: p.top - ( parseInt( this.helper.css( "top" ), 10 ) || 0 ) + this.scrollParent.scrollTop(), left: p.left - ( parseInt( this.helper.css( "left" ), 10 ) || 0 ) + this.scrollParent.scrollLeft() }; } else { return { top: 0, left: 0 }; } }, _cacheMargins: function() { this.margins = { left: ( parseInt( this.currentItem.css( "marginLeft" ), 10 ) || 0 ), top: ( parseInt( this.currentItem.css( "marginTop" ), 10 ) || 0 ) }; }, _cacheHelperProportions: function() { this.helperProportions = { width: this.helper.outerWidth(), height: this.helper.outerHeight() }; }, _setContainment: function() { var ce, co, over, o = this.options; if ( o.containment === "parent" ) { o.containment = this.helper[ 0 ].parentNode; } if ( o.containment === "document" || o.containment === "window" ) { this.containment = [ 0 - this.offset.relative.left - this.offset.parent.left, 0 - this.offset.relative.top - this.offset.parent.top, o.containment === "document" ? this.document.width() : this.window.width() - this.helperProportions.width - this.margins.left, ( o.containment === "document" ? ( this.document.height() || document.body.parentNode.scrollHeight ) : this.window.height() || this.document[ 0 ].body.parentNode.scrollHeight ) - this.helperProportions.height - this.margins.top ]; } if ( !( /^(document|window|parent)$/ ).test( o.containment ) ) { ce = $( o.containment )[ 0 ]; co = $( o.containment ).offset(); over = ( $( ce ).css( "overflow" ) !== "hidden" ); this.containment = [ co.left + ( parseInt( $( ce ).css( "borderLeftWidth" ), 10 ) || 0 ) + ( parseInt( $( ce ).css( "paddingLeft" ), 10 ) || 0 ) - this.margins.left, co.top + ( parseInt( $( ce ).css( "borderTopWidth" ), 10 ) || 0 ) + ( parseInt( $( ce ).css( "paddingTop" ), 10 ) || 0 ) - this.margins.top, co.left + ( over ? Math.max( ce.scrollWidth, ce.offsetWidth ) : ce.offsetWidth ) - ( parseInt( $( ce ).css( "borderLeftWidth" ), 10 ) || 0 ) - ( parseInt( $( ce ).css( "paddingRight" ), 10 ) || 0 ) - this.helperProportions.width - this.margins.left, co.top + ( over ? Math.max( ce.scrollHeight, ce.offsetHeight ) : ce.offsetHeight ) - ( parseInt( $( ce ).css( "borderTopWidth" ), 10 ) || 0 ) - ( parseInt( $( ce ).css( "paddingBottom" ), 10 ) || 0 ) - this.helperProportions.height - this.margins.top ]; } }, _convertPositionTo: function( d, pos ) { if ( !pos ) { pos = this.position; } var mod = d === "absolute" ? 1 : -1, scroll = this.cssPosition === "absolute" && !( this.scrollParent[ 0 ] !== this.document[ 0 ] && $.contains( this.scrollParent[ 0 ], this.offsetParent[ 0 ] ) ) ? this.offsetParent : this.scrollParent, scrollIsRootNode = ( /(html|body)/i ).test( scroll[ 0 ].tagName ); return { top: ( // The absolute mouse position pos.top + // Only for relative positioned nodes: Relative offset from element to offset parent this.offset.relative.top * mod + // The offsetParent's offset without borders (offset + border) this.offset.parent.top * mod - ( ( this.cssPosition === "fixed" ? -this.scrollParent.scrollTop() : ( scrollIsRootNode ? 0 : scroll.scrollTop() ) ) * mod ) ), left: ( // The absolute mouse position pos.left + // Only for relative positioned nodes: Relative offset from element to offset parent this.offset.relative.left * mod + // The offsetParent's offset without borders (offset + border) this.offset.parent.left * mod - ( ( this.cssPosition === "fixed" ? -this.scrollParent.scrollLeft() : scrollIsRootNode ? 0 : scroll.scrollLeft() ) * mod ) ) }; }, _generatePosition: function( event ) { var top, left, o = this.options, pageX = event.pageX, pageY = event.pageY, scroll = this.cssPosition === "absolute" && !( this.scrollParent[ 0 ] !== this.document[ 0 ] && $.contains( this.scrollParent[ 0 ], this.offsetParent[ 0 ] ) ) ? this.offsetParent : this.scrollParent, scrollIsRootNode = ( /(html|body)/i ).test( scroll[ 0 ].tagName ); // This is another very weird special case that only happens for relative elements: // 1. If the css position is relative // 2. and the scroll parent is the document or similar to the offset parent // we have to refresh the relative offset during the scroll so there are no jumps if ( this.cssPosition === "relative" && !( this.scrollParent[ 0 ] !== this.document[ 0 ] && this.scrollParent[ 0 ] !== this.offsetParent[ 0 ] ) ) { this.offset.relative = this._getRelativeOffset(); } /* * - Position constraining - * Constrain the position to a mix of grid, containment. */ if ( this.originalPosition ) { //If we are not dragging yet, we won't check for options if ( this.containment ) { if ( event.pageX - this.offset.click.left < this.containment[ 0 ] ) { pageX = this.containment[ 0 ] + this.offset.click.left; } if ( event.pageY - this.offset.click.top < this.containment[ 1 ] ) { pageY = this.containment[ 1 ] + this.offset.click.top; } if ( event.pageX - this.offset.click.left > this.containment[ 2 ] ) { pageX = this.containment[ 2 ] + this.offset.click.left; } if ( event.pageY - this.offset.click.top > this.containment[ 3 ] ) { pageY = this.containment[ 3 ] + this.offset.click.top; } } if ( o.grid ) { top = this.originalPageY + Math.round( ( pageY - this.originalPageY ) / o.grid[ 1 ] ) * o.grid[ 1 ]; pageY = this.containment ? ( ( top - this.offset.click.top >= this.containment[ 1 ] && top - this.offset.click.top <= this.containment[ 3 ] ) ? top : ( ( top - this.offset.click.top >= this.containment[ 1 ] ) ? top - o.grid[ 1 ] : top + o.grid[ 1 ] ) ) : top; left = this.originalPageX + Math.round( ( pageX - this.originalPageX ) / o.grid[ 0 ] ) * o.grid[ 0 ]; pageX = this.containment ? ( ( left - this.offset.click.left >= this.containment[ 0 ] && left - this.offset.click.left <= this.containment[ 2 ] ) ? left : ( ( left - this.offset.click.left >= this.containment[ 0 ] ) ? left - o.grid[ 0 ] : left + o.grid[ 0 ] ) ) : left; } } return { top: ( // The absolute mouse position pageY - // Click offset (relative to the element) this.offset.click.top - // Only for relative positioned nodes: Relative offset from element to offset parent this.offset.relative.top - // The offsetParent's offset without borders (offset + border) this.offset.parent.top + ( ( this.cssPosition === "fixed" ? -this.scrollParent.scrollTop() : ( scrollIsRootNode ? 0 : scroll.scrollTop() ) ) ) ), left: ( // The absolute mouse position pageX - // Click offset (relative to the element) this.offset.click.left - // Only for relative positioned nodes: Relative offset from element to offset parent this.offset.relative.left - // The offsetParent's offset without borders (offset + border) this.offset.parent.left + ( ( this.cssPosition === "fixed" ? -this.scrollParent.scrollLeft() : scrollIsRootNode ? 0 : scroll.scrollLeft() ) ) ) }; }, _rearrange: function( event, i, a, hardRefresh ) { if ( a ) { a[ 0 ].appendChild( this.placeholder[ 0 ] ); } else { i.item[ 0 ].parentNode.insertBefore( this.placeholder[ 0 ], ( this.direction === "down" ? i.item[ 0 ] : i.item[ 0 ].nextSibling ) ); } //Various things done here to improve the performance: // 1. we create a setTimeout, that calls refreshPositions // 2. on the instance, we have a counter variable, that get's higher after every append // 3. on the local scope, we copy the counter variable, and check in the timeout, // if it's still the same // 4. this lets only the last addition to the timeout stack through this.counter = this.counter ? ++this.counter : 1; var counter = this.counter; this._delay( function() { if ( counter === this.counter ) { //Precompute after each DOM insertion, NOT on mousemove this.refreshPositions( !hardRefresh ); } } ); }, _clear: function( event, noPropagation ) { this.reverting = false; // We delay all events that have to be triggered to after the point where the placeholder // has been removed and everything else normalized again var i, delayedTriggers = []; // We first have to update the dom position of the actual currentItem // Note: don't do it if the current item is already removed (by a user), or it gets // reappended (see #4088) if ( !this._noFinalSort && this.currentItem.parent().length ) { this.placeholder.before( this.currentItem ); } this._noFinalSort = null; if ( this.helper[ 0 ] === this.currentItem[ 0 ] ) { for ( i in this._storedCSS ) { if ( this._storedCSS[ i ] === "auto" || this._storedCSS[ i ] === "static" ) { this._storedCSS[ i ] = ""; } } this.currentItem.css( this._storedCSS ); this._removeClass( this.currentItem, "ui-sortable-helper" ); } else { this.currentItem.show(); } if ( this.fromOutside && !noPropagation ) { delayedTriggers.push( function( event ) { this._trigger( "receive", event, this._uiHash( this.fromOutside ) ); } ); } if ( ( this.fromOutside || this.domPosition.prev !== this.currentItem.prev().not( ".ui-sortable-helper" )[ 0 ] || this.domPosition.parent !== this.currentItem.parent()[ 0 ] ) && !noPropagation ) { // Trigger update callback if the DOM position has changed delayedTriggers.push( function( event ) { this._trigger( "update", event, this._uiHash() ); } ); } // Check if the items Container has Changed and trigger appropriate // events. if ( this !== this.currentContainer ) { if ( !noPropagation ) { delayedTriggers.push( function( event ) { this._trigger( "remove", event, this._uiHash() ); } ); delayedTriggers.push( ( function( c ) { return function( event ) { c._trigger( "receive", event, this._uiHash( this ) ); }; } ).call( this, this.currentContainer ) ); delayedTriggers.push( ( function( c ) { return function( event ) { c._trigger( "update", event, this._uiHash( this ) ); }; } ).call( this, this.currentContainer ) ); } } //Post events to containers function delayEvent( type, instance, container ) { return function( event ) { container._trigger( type, event, instance._uiHash( instance ) ); }; } for ( i = this.containers.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { if ( !noPropagation ) { delayedTriggers.push( delayEvent( "deactivate", this, this.containers[ i ] ) ); } if ( this.containers[ i ].containerCache.over ) { delayedTriggers.push( delayEvent( "out", this, this.containers[ i ] ) ); this.containers[ i ].containerCache.over = 0; } } //Do what was originally in plugins if ( this.storedCursor ) { this.document.find( "body" ).css( "cursor", this.storedCursor ); this.storedStylesheet.remove(); } if ( this._storedOpacity ) { this.helper.css( "opacity", this._storedOpacity ); } if ( this._storedZIndex ) { this.helper.css( "zIndex", this._storedZIndex === "auto" ? "" : this._storedZIndex ); } this.dragging = false; if ( !noPropagation ) { this._trigger( "beforeStop", event, this._uiHash() ); } //$(this.placeholder[0]).remove(); would have been the jQuery way - unfortunately, // it unbinds ALL events from the original node! this.placeholder[ 0 ].parentNode.removeChild( this.placeholder[ 0 ] ); if ( !this.cancelHelperRemoval ) { if ( this.helper[ 0 ] !== this.currentItem[ 0 ] ) { this.helper.remove(); } this.helper = null; } if ( !noPropagation ) { for ( i = 0; i < delayedTriggers.length; i++ ) { // Trigger all delayed events delayedTriggers[ i ].call( this, event ); } this._trigger( "stop", event, this._uiHash() ); } this.fromOutside = false; return !this.cancelHelperRemoval; }, _trigger: function() { if ( $.Widget.prototype._trigger.apply( this, arguments ) === false ) { this.cancel(); } }, _uiHash: function( _inst ) { var inst = _inst || this; return { helper: inst.helper, placeholder: inst.placeholder || $( [] ), position: inst.position, originalPosition: inst.originalPosition, offset: inst.positionAbs, item: inst.currentItem, sender: _inst ? _inst.element : null }; } } ); } );

معرفة

بين التربية والتقنية هل ينتج العالم الافتراضي جيلاً مثقفًا أم معزولًا؟

مايو 18, 2025

1٬294 2 دقائق

كتبت شروق عارف

في ظل التطور التكنولوجي الحادث والابتكارات الجديدة ظهر العالم الافتراضي الذي أحدث ثورة في كافة المجالات مما جعلنا نطرح سؤال مهم ماذا لو أصبح التعليم مرتبط بالعالم الافتراضي؟ وكيف سيؤثر هذا الربط على الطلاب وتحصيلهم الأكاديمي ؟
ما هو العالم الافتراضي والميتافيرس؟
في البداية علينا تعريف العالم الافتراضي والميتافيرس العالم الافتراضي يعد تقنية تسمح للمستخدمين بالانخراط في بيئة ثلاثية الأبعاد و يتم إنشاؤها من خلال الحاسوب ويتيح العالم الافتراضي للمستخدمين الشعور بأنهم حاضرين في هذا العالم يحدث ذلك من خلال استخدام نظارات مخصصة كما عرف المركز الوطني للتعليم الإلكتروني العالم الافتراضي بأنه بيئة افتراضية بالكامل
أما الميتافيرس فهو عبارة عن عالم رقمي ثلاثي الأبعاد يحاكي الواقع ويتيح التفاعل الاجتماعي والترفيهي بمعنى أوضح يعد بيئة مفتوحة تمثل العالم الحقيقي تتيح لأي شخص التحرك في أي مكان داخل العالم الافتراضي هذه التقنية المتقدمة تخلق بيئة افتراضية تتيح للمستخدمين التفاعل معها بشكل واقعي
‏ التعليم في العالم الافتراضي
‏ في حالة ربط التعليم بالعالم الافتراضي سوف يحدث ذلك طفرة في أساليب التدريس من خلال خلق موارد تعليمية جديدة مما سيساهم بشكل كبير في تحسين تجربة التعليم من خلال تعزيز المشاركة وزيادة الاحتفاظ بالمعلومات سيتم ذلك من خلال إدخال الطالب في بيئة ثلاثية الأبعاد مما سيتيح له تجربة تعليمية فريدة من نوعها
مزايا وتحديات ربط التعليم بالعالم الافتراضي
من أهم المزايا التي يقدمها العالم الافتراضي للطلاب هو إعدادهم للعمل في المستقبل وذلك من خلال تزويدهم بخبرات لا حصر لها كما أن ربط التعليم بالعالم الافتراضي سيساهم بشكل كبير في زيادة القدرة على الاحتفاظ بالمعلومات بالإضافة إلى ذلك يمكن للعالم الافتراضي توفير تجارب تعليمية فريدة من نوعها باستخدام تقنية الواقع الافتراضي التي تتيح نقل الطلاب إلى أماكن وبيئات مختلفة قد لا يتمكنون من الوصول إليها بطرق تقليدية
‏ ومع ذلك، تواجه هذه الفوائد عدة تحديات أبرزها التكلفة العالية حيث تعتبر معدات وبرامج الواقع الافتراضي باهظة الثمن بالإضافة إلى ذلك هناك نقص في تدريب المعلمين على استخدام تقنيات الواقع الافتراضي مما قد يؤدي إلى انخفاض في نتائج التعلم فعلى سبيل المثال تجربة نظام التابلت في أول سنة حققت فشل ذريع وذلك بسبب عدم فهم المعلمين والطلاب لطبيعة النظام

آراء متباينة حول فاعلية العالم الافتراضي
أوضح محمد عصام مدرس الفلسفة وعلم النفس في المرحلة الثانوية أن فكرة ربط التعليم بالعالم الافتراضي تعتبر مميزة للغاية ولكن أكد على ضرورة تطبيقها بشكل صحيح ومدروس وأضاف أن الإمكانيات الحالية في مصر لا تسمح بتطبيق هذه التقنية كما أضاف الاعتماد المفرط على التكنولوجيا في التعليم سوف يكون له آثار سلبية على الطلاب بالإضافة إلى أن العالم الافتراضي لا يمكن أن يحل محل المعلم
من جانبه قال محمود محسن مدرس اللغة العربية بالمرحلة الإعدادية إن إدخال العالم الافتراضي في التعليم قد يوثر بشكل إجابي في العملية التعليمية من حيث الشكل والمحتوى لكنه شدد على أهمية المعلم في التعليم موكدا أن التفاعل المباشر بين الطالب والمعلم يظل عنصرًا أساسيا لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه وأضاف محمود أن التعليم لا يقتصر فقط على المعلومات بل يشمل القيم والتربية والتوجيه وهي أمور يصعب نقلها بشكل فعال من خلال بيئة افتراضية بحتة
وعلي جانب اخر أضاف أحمد فؤاد مدرس الدراسات في المرحلة الابتدائية أن استخدام العالم الافتراضي في التعليم سيسهم بشكل كبير في تحسين مستوى تحصيل الطلاب خاصة في المرحلة الابتدائية وأوضح أن دمج التكنولوجيا في العملية التعليمية سيجعل الدراسة أكثر متعة مما قد يزيد من دافعية الطلاب للتعلم وتحسين استيعابهم للمحتوى

‏ يمكن القول إن ربط التعليم بالعالم الافتراضي قد يسهم بشكل كبير في توسيع أفاقنا الفكرية وسوف يجعل التجربة التعليمية أكثر متعة ولكن مع ذلك يجب التعامل مع هذه التقنية بحذر حتى نتجنب الأثار السلبية وعلينا التأكد أن العالم الافتراضي لا يمكن أن يحلل محل المعلم

مايو 18, 2025

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